muscle charts (head/neck/thorax) Flashcards by Cameron Forbes

rectus capitis posterior major

attachments: spinous process C2 > lateral aspect inferior nuchal line
function: extension, ipsilateral rotation
innervation: suboccipital n.

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rectus capitis posterior minor

attachments: tubercle on posterior arch C1 > medial aspect inferior nuchal line
function: extension
innervation: suboccipital n.

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obliquus capitis inferior (inferior oblique)

attachments: spinous process C2 > transverse process C1
function: ipsilateral rotation
innervation: suboccipital n.

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obliquus capitis superior (superior oblique)

attachments: transverse process C1 > area between superior and inferior nuchal lines on occipital bone
function: extension, lateral flexion
innervation: suboccipital n.

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anterior digastric

attachments: digastric foss of mandible > intermediate tendon
- greater cornu of hyoid, inferior border of mandible near sumphysis > intermediate tendon and body and cornu of hyoid
action: depression of mandible, elevation of hyoid
innervation: mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar n. (from CN V3)
suprahyoid

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posterior digastric

attachments: temporal mastoid notch > intermediate tendon
- greater cornu of hyoid, mastoid process > intermediate tenon and body and cornu of hyoid
action: depression of mandible, elevation of hyoid
innervation: facial n. (CN VII)
suprahyoid

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geniohyoid

attachments: inferior genial tubercle of mandible > anterior aspect of body of hyoid
- median ridge of mandible > body of hyoid
action: elevation of tongue and hyoid, depression of mandible
innervatoin: ventral ramus of C1 via CN XII
suprahyoid

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longus capitis

attachments: anterior tubercle of transverse processes of cervical vertebrae > basilar occipital bone
action: flexion of head and neck (bilateral), ipsilateral rotation (unilateral)
innervation: ventral rami of cervical spinal n. (C1-3)

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longus colli (L. neck)

attachments: cervical vertebral bodies > cervical vertebral bodies and transverse processes
actoin: flexion/lateral flexion of neck, ipsilateral rotation
innervation: ventral rami of cervical spinal n. (C2-7)

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mylohyoid

attachments: mylohyoid line of mandible > midline rache and anterior aspect of hyoid
function: elevation of floor of oral cavity
innervation: mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar n. (from CN V3)
suprahyoid

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omohyoid (G. omos, shoulder)

attachments: superior border of scapula medial to scapular notch > lateral aspect of hyoid, passing through intermediate tendon sling loosely associated with clavicle and first rib
actions: depression of hyoid
innervation: ansa cervicalis (C1-3)
infrahyoid

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anterior scalene

attachments: anterior tubercles of middle cervical vertebrae > scalene tubercle of 1st rib
action: elevation of first rib in forced inspiration, flexion/lateral flexion/contralateral rotation of neck
innervation: lower ventral rami of cervical spinal n.

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middle scalene

attachments: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae > first rib
action: elevation of first rib in forced inspiration, lateral flexion/contralateral rotation of neck
innervation: lower ventral rami of cervical spinal n.

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posterior scalene

attachments: lower cervical transverse processes > 2nd rib
action: elevation of rib in forced inspiration, lateral flexion/contralateral rotation of neck
innervation: ventral rami of cervical spinal n. (C6-8)

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sternocleidomastoid

attachments: lateral aspect of mastoid process, superior nuchal line > manubrium, medial 2/3 of clavicle
action: flexion/ipsilateral lateral flexion/extension of head and neck, contralateral rotation of head
innervation: accessory n. (CN XI), C1-2

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sternohyoid

attachments: posterior side of proximal clavicle, adjacent manubrium > inferior border of body of hyoid
action: depresses hyoid
innervation: ansa cervicalis (C1-3)
infrahyoid

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sternothyroid

attachments: posterior aspect of manubrium, costal cartilage of first rib > thyroid lamina
action: depression of elevated larynx
innervation: ansa cervicalis (C1-3)
infrahyoid

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stylohyoid

attachments: styloid process of temporal bone > greater cornu of hyoid bone
action: elevation/retraction of hyoid
innervation: facial n. (CN VII)
suprahyoid

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thyrohyoid

attachments: thyroid lamina > greater horn of hyoid bone
actions: depresses hyoid, elevation of thyroid cartilage
innervation: ventral ramus of C1 via XII
infrahyoid

buccinator (L. bucca, cheek)

attachments: alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygoid hamulus and pterygomandibular raphe > angle of mouth
action: compresses cheek
innervation: buccal branch of facial n.

depressor anguli oris

attachments: mandible > angle of mouth
action: depresses buccal angle laterally
innervation: buccal and mandibular branch of facial n.

frontalis

attachments: superficial fascia of eyebrows > epicranial aponeurosis
actions: protracts scalps, elevates eyebrows and nose
innervation: temporal branch of facial n.

levator labii superioris

attachments: inferior orbital margin > lateral aspect of upper lip
action: raises and everts upper lip
innervation: buccal and zygomatic branches of facial n.

nasalis

attachments: maxilla (lateral and inferior to nasal notch) > bridge and ala of nose
action: transverse fibers compress, alar fibers wide nasal aperature
innervation: buccal branch of facial n.

orbicularis oculi

attachments: orbital margin and medial palpebral ligament > superficial fascia of eyelid
action: palpebral sphincter (closes eyes)
innervation: temporal and zygomatic branches of facial n.

orbicularis oris

attachments: angle of mouth > superficial fascia of upper lip
action: oral sphincter (closes mouth)
innervation: buccal and mandibular branches of facial n.

platysma (G. platys, flat, broad)

attachments: lower border of mandible > superficial fascia of skin of neck overlying clavicle
action: wrinkles anterior nuchal skin
innervation: cervical branch of facial n.

zygomaticus major (G. zygon, yoke, joining or pair)

attachments: zygomatic bone > angle of mouth
action: raises angle of mouth
innvervation: buccal and zygomatic branches of facial n.

inferior oblique

innervation: inferior ramus of oculomotor n.

inferior rectus

innervation: inferior ramus of oculomotor n.

levator palpebrae superioris

superior ramus of oculomotor n.

medial rectus

innervation: inferior ramus of oculomotor n.

superior rectus

innervation: suprior ramus of oculomotor n.

lateral rectus

innervation: abducens n.

superior oblique

innervation: trochlear n.

masseter

attachments: zygomatic arch > angle of mandible, lateral aspect of ramus
action: elevation, protraction, retraction (deep fibers) of mandible
innervatoin: mandibular nerve (from trigeminal n.)

temporalis

attachments: temporal fossa > coronoid process, anterior border of ramus of mandible
action: elevation and retraction (posterior aspect of muscle) of mandible
innervation: mandibular nerve (from trigeminal n.)

lateral pterygoid

attachments: infratemporal surface of spheroid, lateral surface of terygoid plate > neck of mandible, TMJ disc
action: depresses mandible, protracts and acts with ipsilateral medial pterygoid to rotate mandible to roduce side-to-side movements in chewing
innervation: mandibular nerve (V3)

medial pterygoid

attachments: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate, adjacent maxilla > medial aspect of angle of mandible
action: elevation of mandible, acts with ipsilateral pterygoid to rotate mandible for side-to-side movements of food
innervation: mandibular nerve (from trigeminal n.)

splenius capitis (G. splenion, bandage)

attachments: ligamentum nuchae, lower cervical and upper thoracic spinous processes > lateral third of superior nuchal line
action: extension, lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation of head
innervation: dorsal rami of cervical spinal n.

longissimus capitis

attachments: upper thoracic transverse processes > posterior margin of mastoid process
action: extension, lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation of head
innervation: dorsal rami of spinal n.

semispinalis capitis

attachments: upper thoracic and cervical spinous processes > occipital bone between inferior and superior nuchal lines
actions: extension, contralateral rotation of head
innervation: dorsal rami of cervical spinal n.

external intercostal

attachments: rib > rib
- oriented from superior-lateral to inferior-medial (down and in)
action: elevation of ribs
innervation: intercostal nerve
- segmental

internal/innermost intercostal

attachments: rib > rib
- oriented from superior-medial to inferior-lateral (down and out)
action: depression of ribs
innervation: intercostal n.
- segmental

transversus thoracis

attachments: posterior sternum > costal cartilages
action: depression of ribs
innervation: intercostal nn.
- segmental

diaphragm

attachments: xiphoid process, inner surface of lower ribs, costal cartilages, lumbar vertebrae (crura) > central tendon
action: inspiration
- negative thoracic pressure by inferior displacement
innervation: phrenic nerve
- C3-5

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muscle charts (head/neck/thorax) Flashcards

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