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Anatomy 1 (post) > hand/wrist LOs > Flashcards

hand/wrist LOs Flashcards

1
Q

abductor digiti minimi

A
  • BL: pisiform > ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
  • action: abducts 5th digit
  • innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
  • SC: C8-T1
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2
Q

abductor pollicis brevis

A
  • BL: transverse carpal ligament > radial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
  • action: abducts thumb
  • innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve
  • SC: C6-T1
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3
Q

adducutor pollicis

A
  • BL: capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpals (oblique head), palmar aspect of 3rd metacarpal (transverse head) > base of proximal phalanx of thumb
  • action: adducts thumb
  • innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
  • SC: C8-T1
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4
Q

dorsal interossei

A
  • BL: adjacent sides of metacarpals > proximal phalangeal bases, dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-4
  • actions: abduct MCP, flex MCP, extends IP (digits 2-4)
  • innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
  • SC: C8-T1
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5
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A
  • BL: hamate > ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
  • action: flexes MCP of 5th digit
  • innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
  • SC: C8-T1
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6
Q

flexor pollicis brevis

A
  • BL: transverse carpal ligament, trapezium > radial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb (deep bead blends with opponens pollicis)
  • action: flexes MCP of thumb
  • innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve (superficial head), deep branch of ulnar nerve (deep head)
  • SC: C6-T1 (superficial head), C8-T1 (deep head)
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7
Q

lumbricals

A
  • BL: tendons of flexor digitorum > radial side of dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-5
  • action: flexes MCP 2-5, extends IP 2-5
  • innervation: median nerve (1, 2), deep branch of ulnar nerve (3, 4)
  • SC: C7-T1 (1, 2), C8-T1 (3,4)
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8
Q

opponens digiti minimi

A
  • BL: hook of hamate > ulnar margin of shaft 5th metacarpal
  • action: opposition of 5th digit to thumb
  • innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
  • SC: C8-T1
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9
Q

opponens pollicis

A
  • BL: transverse carpal ligament, trapezium > palmar surface of first metacarpal
  • action: opposition of thumb to fifth digit
  • innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve
  • SC: C6-T1
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10
Q

palmar interossei

A
  • BL: palmar aspects of metacarpals 2, 4, 5 > dorsal digital expansions of digits 2, 4, 5
  • action: adducts MCP, flex MCP, extend IP (2, 4, 5)
  • innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
  • SC: C8-T1
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11
Q

distal radio-ulnar joint

A

pivot/trochoid

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12
Q

radiocarpal joint

A

ellipsoidal/condyloid

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13
Q

thumb carpometacarpal joint

A

sellar/saddle

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14
Q

digits 2-5 carpometacarpal joint

A

plane/gliding

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15
Q

metacarpophalangeal joint

A

ellipsoidal/condyloid

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16
Q

interphalangeal joint

A

ginglymus/hinge

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17
Q

transverse carpal ligament

A
  • attachments: pisiform, hook of hamate > scaphoid, trapezium
  • function: prevent bowstringing of tendons of flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus mm.
18
Q

collateral ligaments of metacarpophalangeal joints

A
  • attachments: head of metacarpals > base of adjacent proximal phalanx
  • function: stabilizes metacarpophalangeal joints
19
Q

collateral circulation of hand

A
  • ulnar:
    • superficial palmar arch
      • common palmar digital aa. > proper palmar digital aa.
    • deep palmar branch
  • radial:
    • princeps pollicis
    • radialis indicis
    • deep palmar arch
      • palmar metacarpal (to common palmar digital aa.)
    • superficial palmar branch
20
Q

surface features of hand and wrist

A
21
Q

carpal bones

A
  • some lovers try positions that they can’t handle
  • scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
  • proximal: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
  • distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
22
Q

actions/motions of the wrist

A
23
Q

transverse carpal ligament/flexor retinaculum

A
  • attachments: hook of hamate, pisiform > trapezium, scaphoid
  • function:
    • thenar and hypothenar mm. attachment
    • maintains carpal arch
    • prevents bowstringing of flexor tendons
    • protects median n.
24
Q

triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)

A
  • articular disc: primary structure
    • triangular shape
    • shock absorption
    • like meniscus in knee (no good blood supply)
    • fibrocartilaginous: degenerates with overuse and aging
  • dorsal/volar radioulnar ligament
  • ulnar collateral ligament
  • ECU sheath
  • ulnotriquetral ligament
  • ulnolunate ligament
25
Q

compartments formed by extensor retinaculum and tendons found within each

A
  1. abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis (APL, EPB)
  2. extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis (ECRL, ECRB)
  3. extensor pollicis longus (EPL)
  4. extensor digitorum, extensor indicis (ED, EI)
  5. extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
  6. extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
26
Q

bones and joints of hand

A
27
Q

actions/motions of fingers and thumb

A
28
Q

structure of palmar fascia and palmar digital sheaths

A
  • palmar fascia: continuous with antebrachial fascia
    • includes thenar fascia, hypothenar fascia, palmar aponeurosis
  • palmar digital sheaths: pulleys
    • annular: straight (A1-A5)
    • cruciate: crossed (C1-C3)
    • functions: maintain relationship of flexor tendons to bone
      • prevents bowstringing of tendons (A2-A4 are most critical)
29
Q

juncturae tendinae

A
  • structure: intertendinous connections of extensor digitorum (ED)
    • number/location vary between/among individuals
  • function: distributes forces
30
Q

intrinsic vs. extrinsic muscles

A
  • intrinsic: originate and insert on hand
    • thenar, hypothenar, adductor pollicis, lumbricals, interossei
  • extrinsic: originate in forearm and insert on hand
    • flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi
31
Q

location and function of ligaments of fingers

A
  • radial/ulnar collateral: gives radial/ulnar stability
    • dorsal surface > volar surface
      • taut in flexion (lengthens), lax in extension (shortens)
    • at MP, PIP, DIP
  • volar plate: prevents finger hyperextension
    • palmar ligament/plate
32
Q

muscles that attach to extensor mechanism/hood/expansion and how they move finger

A
  • extensor hood: tendon covering dorsal digits, cable system to extend MPs and IPs
    • allows lumbricals and dorsal/palmar interossei to assist in MP flexion
  • components: extensor digitorum, juncturae tendinae, central slip, sagittal bands, lateral bands, transverse retinacular ligament, oblique retinacular ligament, terminal tendon
33
Q

radial nerve supply

A
  • triceps brachii (long, lat, med), brachioradialis, ECRL, ECRB, anconeus, supinator, EDM,ECU, APL, EPL, EPB
  • posterior portion of arm and forearm, radial dorsum of hand
  • no motor in hand, only extensors/supinators
34
Q

median nerve supply

A
  • pronator teres, FCR, PL, FDS, FDP, FPL, pronator quadratus, APB, FPB, OP, lumbrical 1, lumbrical 2
  • cutaneous: radial side of palm (digits 1-4), ends of digits 1-2
  • flexors/pronators, radial hand
35
Q

ulnar nerve supply

A
  • FCU, FDP, AP, FPB (deep head), PB, abductor/flexor/opponens digiti minimi, lumbricals 3/4, interossei
  • cutaneous: dorsal and volar digits 3-4, palmar aspect
  • mostly hand
36
Q

anatomical snuff box

A
  • dorsal border: extensor pollicis longus (EPL)
  • volar border: abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis (APL, EPB)
37
Q

underlying anatomy of carpal tunnel syndrome

A
  • median nerve compression at wrist under flexor retinaculum
38
Q
A

oblique head of adductor pollicis

39
Q
A

transverse head of adductor pollicis

40
Q
A

abductor digiti minimi

Anatomy 1 (post) (38 decks)

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