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Anatomy 1 (post) > CN LOs > Flashcards

CN LOs Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A

olfactory

  • CNS level: forebrain (telencephalon)
  • cells of origin: nasal mucosa
  • skull opening: cribiform foramina
  • ganglion/main central connection: olfactory bulb/medial temporal lobe
  • branches: NA
  • function: sensory (smell)
  • distribution: olfactory mucosa of nose
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2
Q

CN II

A

optic

  • CNS level: forebrain (diencephalon)
  • cells of origin: ganglion cells in retina
  • opening in skull: optic canal
  • ganglion/main central connection: lateral geniculate nuclei
  • branches: optic chiasm and tract
  • function: sensory (vision)
  • distribution: retina of eye
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3
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor

  • CNS level: midbrain
  • cells of origin: oculmotor nucleus, Edinger-Westphal nucleus
  • opening in skull: superior oribtal fissue
  • ganglion/main central connection: ciliary
  • branches: superior and inferior rami, inferior rami (via short ciliary)
  • function: motor, parasympathetic
  • distribution: levator palpebrae superioris, superior rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus, medial rectus, ciliary body, iris
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4
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear

  • CNS level: midbrain
  • cells of origin: trochlear nucleus (contralateral)
  • opening in skull: superior orbital fissure
  • ganglion/main central connection: NA
  • branches: NA
  • function: motor
  • distribution: superior oblique
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5
Q

CN V1

A

opthalmic

  • CNS level: pones
  • cells of origin: trigeminal ganglion
  • opening in skull: superior orbital fissure
  • ganglion/main central connection: trigeminal sensory nucleus
  • branches: lacrimal, nasociliary, frontal
  • function: sensory
  • distribution: skin, lacrimal gland, nasal cavity, conjunctiva, cavity
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6
Q

CN V2

A

maxillary

  • CNS level: pons
  • cells of origin: trigeminal ganglion
  • opening in skull: foramen rotundum
  • ganglion/main central connection: trigeminal sensory nucleus
  • branches: infraorbital, pterygopalatine
  • function: sensory
  • distribution: skin mid face, teeth, mucous membrane, upper palate, nasopharynx
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7
Q

CN V3

A

mandibular

  • CNS level: pons
  • cells of origin:
    • motor: trigeminal motor
    • sensory: trigeminal ganglion
  • opening in skull: foramen ovale
  • ganglion/main central connection:
    • motor: NA
    • sensory: trigeminal sensory nucleus
  • branches:
    • motor: inferior alveolar, deep temporal, masseteric, pterygoids
    • sensory: ^ + meningeal, mental, auriculotemporal
  • function: motor, sensory
  • distribution:
    • motor: 1st pharyngeal arch derivatives
    • sensory: skin lower face, tongue, mandibular teeth, ear
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8
Q

CN VI

A

abducens

  • CNS level: pons
  • cells of origin: abduences nucleus
  • opening in skull: superior orbital fissure
  • ganglion/main central connection: NA
  • branches: NA
  • function: motor
  • distribution: lateral rectus
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9
Q

CN VII

A

facial

  • CNS level: pons
  • cells of origin:
    • M: facial motor nucleus
    • S: geniculate ganglion
    • PS: superior salivary nucleus
  • opening in skull: internal acoustic meatus
  • ganglion/main central connection:
    • S: trigeminal sensory nucleus/nucleus solitarius
    • PS: pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia
  • branches:
    • M: main root
    • S: palatine/posterior ear/lingual via CT
    • PS: chorda tympani
  • function: branchial motor (2nd), parasympathetic, sensory/taste
  • distribution:
    • M: muscles of facial expression, stapedius, post. digastric, stylohyoid
    • S: palate, skin posterior ear, external auditory meatus, tympanic membrane, facial muscles proprioception, taste anterior 2/3 of tongue
    • PS: lacrimal and mucosa glands of nasal cavity, parnasal sinuses, roof of mouth, soft palate, pterygopalatine and submandibular glands
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10
Q

CN VIII

A

vestibulocochlear

  • CNS level: pons
  • cells of origin:
    • sensory equilibrium: vestibular ganglion
    • sensory hearing: spiral ganglion
  • opening in skull: internal acoustic meatus
  • ganglion/main central connection:
    • sensory equilibrium: vestibular nuclei/cerebellar
    • sensory hearing: dorsal/ventral cochlear nucleus
  • branches: NA
  • function: equilibrium, hearing
  • distribution:
    • sensory equilibrium: hair cells of ampullary crest in semicirular ducts
    • sensory hearing: hair cells of spinal organ (of Corti)
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11
Q

CN IX

A

glossopharyngeal

  • CNS level: medulla
  • cells of origin:
    • M: nucleus ambiguus
    • S: superior/inferior ganglia
    • PS: inferior salviary nucleus
  • opening in skull: jugular foramen
  • ganglion/main central connection:
    • S: trigeminal sensory nucleus/nucleus solitarius
    • PS: otic ganglion
  • branches:
    • S: lingual (2), tonsilar, pharyngeal brr., carotid br.
    • PS: via auriculotemporal n
  • function: branchial motor (third), sensory/taste/visceral, parasympathetic
  • distribution:
    • M: 3rd branchial arch
    • S: sensory/taste posterior 1/3 of tongue, oropharynx, middle ear, cheam/baroreceptors from carotid body/sinus
    • PS: parotid gland
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12
Q

CN X

A

vagus

  • CNS level: medulla
  • cells of origin:
    • M: nucleus ambiguus
    • S: superion/inferior ganglia
    • PS: dorsal motor nucleus
  • opening in skull: jugular foramen
  • ganglion/main central connection:
    • S: spinal trigeminal nucleus, superior and inferior ganglia
    • PS: neurons in/near viscera
  • branches:
    • M: pharyngeal, superior laryngeal, recurrent laryngeal
    • S: auricular, cardiac, internal laryngeal
    • PS: internal laryngeal, recurrent laryngeal, vagal trunk
  • function: branchial motor (fourth and sixth), sensory/visceral/taste
  • distribution:
    • M: 6th and 4th pharyngeal arches
    • S: skin (ear), aortic arach, thorax and abdominal viscera, epiglottis and palate
    • PS: smooth muscle viscera to splenic flexure
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13
Q

CN XI

A

accessory

  • CNS level: spinal cord (C1-5)
  • cells of origin: ventral horn (C1-5)
  • opening in skull: foramen magnum, jugular foramen
  • ganglion/main central connection: NA
  • branches: NA
  • function: motor
  • distribution: sternocleidomastoid muscle, trapezius muscle
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14
Q

CN XII

A

hypoglossal

  • CNS level: medulla
  • cells of origin: hypoglossal nucleus
  • opening in skull: hypoglossal canal
  • ganglion/main central connection: NA
  • branches: NA
  • function: motor
  • distribution: styloglossus, genioglossus, hyoglossus, intrinsic muscles of tongue
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15
Q

meningeal coverings and spaces

A
  • bone
  • dura mater (periosteal, meningeal):
    • superior sagittal sinus here
    • dural infolding: falx cerebri
  • arachnoid mater
  • pia mater
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16
Q

dural infoldings

A
  • divide cranial cavity into compartments, forming partitions between brain and provide support
  • falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli
17
Q

falx cerebri

A
  • largest dural infolding
  • in longitudinal cerebreal fissure
  • separates right and left cerebral hemispheres
18
Q

terntorium cerebelli

A
  • second largest
  • separates cerebellum from occipital lobes
  • tent over cerebellum
19
Q

falx cerebelli

A
  • certical
  • inferior to tentorium cerebelli
  • partially separates cerebellar hemispheres
20
Q

3 cranial fossae

A

anterior

middle

posterior

21
Q

anterior cranial fossa

A
  • frontal bone anteriorly, ethmoid in middle, sphenoid bone behind
22
Q

middle cranial fossa

A
  • sphenoid, temporal, and parietal bones
  • has superior orbital fissure, forament rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, hypophyseal fossa (where pituitary sits)
  • from greater wing of sphenoid (sphenoidal crest) to petrous ridge
23
Q

posterior cranial fossa

A
  • largest and deepest
  • has cerebellum, pons, and medulla
  • petrous ridge to occipital bone
    • internal occipital protuberance (confluence of the sinuses)
  • middle meningeal artery groove, internal acoustic meatus, jugular foramen, foramen magnum
24
Q

ganglia contain postganglionic sympathetic cells bodies and what branch of CN V they are suspended from

A
  • CN III
    • ciliary ganglion
      • from V1 (short ciliary)
      • to ciliary body (lens accomodation) and iris (pupil constriction)
  • CN VII
    • pterygopalatine ganglion
      • V2 zygomatic and V1 lacrimal
      • to lacrimal gland
    • submandibular ganglion
      • from V3 lingual
      • to submandibular and sublingual glands (spit)
  • CN IX
    • otic ganglion
      • from V3 auriculotemporal
      • to parotid gland (spit)
  • CN X
    • ganglia of target organ wall
      • to viscera of thorax and abdomen
25
Q

distribution of sympathetic innervation of head

A
  • from superior cervical ganglion
    • via internal carotid artery
      • middle ear (tympanic plexus)
      • deep petrosal (V2 zygomatic to lacrimal gland)
      • cavernous sinous (III, IV, V1, V2, VI)
    • via external carotid artery
      • V1, V2, VII, IX, X, XII
    • exit skull
      • VII, IX, X, XI, XII
  • none
    • I, II, VIII

Anatomy 1 (post) (38 decks)

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