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Spanish Wine Scholar > Murcia > Flashcards

Murcia Flashcards

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1
Q

Murcia is bordered by?

A

E: Valencia
NW: Castilla-La Mancha
SW: Andalucía
S: Mediterranean 170km

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2
Q

How many provinces in Murcia?

A

One
(one of seven uniprovincial autonomous communities in Spain)

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3
Q

Capital, largest city in Murcia?

A

Murcia 441k 30%

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4
Q

Climate of Murcia?

A

At the coast: Mediterranean
Becoming more continental inland

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5
Q

Murcia temperatures:
year round average?
summer max inland?
winter typical min at coast, max inland?

A

avg 18ºC
summer max 40ºC inland
winter >10ºC coast while <6ºC inland

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6
Q

Murcia rainfall? When?

A

300-350 mm mostly spring/autumn

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7
Q

Weather hazards in Murcia?

A

Summer drought
Autumn hailstorms
Torrential downpours

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8
Q

Which mountain range bisects Murcia?

A

Cordillera Prebética

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9
Q

30% of Murcia has elevation higher than…?

A

600m

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10
Q

Highest peak in Murcia?
In which range?
Bonus: in which sector?

A

Pico del Obispo 2,014m
Cordillera Prebética
Macizo de Revolcadores

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11
Q

Name the high plateau in Murcia containing some of the best vineyards. How high?

A

Altiplano de Jumilla-Yecla
reaching 800m

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12
Q

Name the two main rivers in Murcia. Which mountain range do they flow from, into which sea?

A

Segura
Guadalenín

Sistema Bético to Mediterranean

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13
Q

Murcia has Spain’s largest lagoon. What is it called? Which city is it near? How long is its sandbar?

A

Mar Menor
near Cartagena
22km sandbar (and national park)

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14
Q

Murcia’s soils are mostly what? Why can it be difficult to work with?

A

Limestone
Some has a topsoil of clay and sand that has to be broken mechanically

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15
Q

Are Murcia’s wines mostly red or white? Main grape?

A

Red
Monastrell

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16
Q

Where is Monastrell thought to be native to?

A

Valencia in Spain

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17
Q

Monastrell:
thin or thick skinned?
early or late ripening?
frost prone or resistant?
drought prone or resistant?

A

thick skin
late ripening
frost resistant
drought resistant

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18
Q

In areas of continental climate in Murcia, Monastrell is often blended with…?

A

Garnacha Tintorera

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19
Q

Name some grapes used in Murcia, in small quantities, to add complexity and/or tame Monastrell’s aggressive character.

A

Cencibel/Tempranillo
Garnacha Tinta
Garnacha Tintorera
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot

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20
Q

Is much white wine made in Murcia? Which grapes?

A

Only a small amount.

Macabeo
Airén
Chardonnay

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21
Q

Main vine training techniques in Murcia for:
Monastrell
Tempranillo
Garnacha
Cabernet Sauvignon

A

Monastrell: en vaso
(many old vines, manual work)

the rest: espaldera
(drip irrigation, mechanisation)

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22
Q

What newer winemaking techniques are being implemented in Murcia?

A

Temperature controlled fermentation
Barrel ageing
(to moderate tannins)

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23
Q

Which is the southernmost DO in Murcia?

A

DO Bullas

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24
Q

Which is the newest DO in Murcia?

A

DO Bullas (1994)

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25
Q

Which DO in Murcia is in two non-contiguous areas?

A

DO Bullas

26
Q

In DO Bullas in Murcia, what percentage is planted to Monastrell?

A

80%

27
Q

In DO Bullas in Murcia, what are the grape requirements for tintos and rosados?

A

min 60% Monastrell

28
Q

DO Bullas in Murcia was mostly bulk co-operatives. How is that changing?

A

Small producers emerging

29
Q

Which is the oldest DO in Murcia?

A

DO Jumilla (1966)

30
Q

Which DO in Murcia is located in more than one autonomous community? What two other DOs in Spain also do this?

A

DO Jumilla (with Castilla-La Mancha)
DO Cava, DO Rioja

31
Q

What percentage of DO Jumilla vineyard is located in Murcia? In which region and province is the rest?

A

40%
60% in Albacete province of Castilla-La Mancha

32
Q

What percentage of wine production of DO Jumilla is in the town of Jumilla in Murcia?

A

70%

33
Q

What percentage of DO Jumilla is planted to Monastrell?

A

over 80%

34
Q

What are the grape requirements in DO Jumilla for wine labelled:
Vino Tinto?
Tinto Monastrell?

A

Vino Tinto: no minimum Monastrell
Tinto Monastrell: min 85% Monastrell

35
Q

What is DO Jumilla wine made from Monastrell typically like?

A

Deep colour, savoury, concentrated, high alcohol

36
Q

Which is the smallest DO in Murcia?

A

DO Yecla

37
Q

Where topographically is DO Yecla in Murcia?

A

On the Altiplano de Jumilla/Yecla

38
Q

Where were some of the oldest winemaking ruins in Spain found, in DO Yecla?

A

Fuente del Pinar
near Yecla

39
Q

What helped DO Yecla in Murcia to export wine? How much is exported today?

A

Near the coast
nearly 95%

40
Q

What proportion of the DO Yecla vineyard in Murcia is planted to Monastrell? Other reds? Whites?

A

85%
10% other reds
5% whites

41
Q

How do DO Yecla’s Monastrell wines differ typically from DO Jumilla’s?

A

Similar
a little more fruit, less alcohol

42
Q

Which DO in Murcia produces the least red wine?

A

DO Bullas (79%)

43
Q

Which DO in Murcia has soils that include alluvium?

A

DO Bullas

44
Q

Which DOs in Murcia are Mediterranean with continental influences, and which are continental with Mediterranean influences?

A

DO Bullas: Mediterranean with continental influences

DO Jumilla and DO Yecla: continental with Mediterranean influences

45
Q

Which DO in Murcia has the highest rainfall?

A

DO Bullas

46
Q

Which DO in Murcia has the most vineyard?

A

DO Jumilla (18,682 ha)

47
Q

Murcia is where the second oldest human remains in Iberia were found. How old? What type of human? Where?

A

150k-35k BCE
Neanderthal
Sima de las Palomas in the Campo de Cartagena area

48
Q

When did the Phoenicians arrive in Murcia? How much trouble did they cause?

A

800 BCE
Settled and traded amicably

49
Q

When did the Carthaginians arrive in Murcia? How much trouble did they cause?

A

6C BCE
settled and traded peacefully
filled the vacuum as Phoenicia declined

50
Q

In what year did a Carthaginian general establish modern-day Cartagena in Murcia? General’s name? City’s name and strategic purpose?

A

227 BCE
Hadrusbal
Qart Hadasht
Naval base

51
Q

In which year did Carthage and Rome sign the Treaty of the Ebro?
When did Rome seize Qart Hadasht, and what did they rename it?

A

226 BCE
209 BCE Cartago Nova

52
Q

Ruins of Roman winemaking facilities were found near Yecla in Murcia. In which centuries were they built? Name of site? On which road?

A

1-2C BCE
Fuente del Pinar
on Vía Augusta

53
Q

In which year did the Roman emperor Diocletian divide the Roman Empire east-west?

A

298 CE

54
Q

In the western Roman empire after 298 CE, Iberia was divided into provinces. What modern-day regions were in Carthaginensis province? What was the capital?

A

Murcia
Valencia
Castilla-La Mancha
Madrid

Carthago Nova

55
Q

The western Roman province of Carthaginensis prospered, until it was invaded by who? in which century?

A

Vandals and Visigoths
mid 5C

56
Q

After the Romans, who captured Carthago Nova? Then who? then? and then?

A

Visigoths
reclaimed by Byzantines
Visigoths again
Moors

57
Q

In 1266 there was hostility that became rebellion in Murcia, between who and who? Who won?

A

Moors in the Taifa of Murcia, and Castilian forces securing the Emir.
Castile (by getting Aragón to put down the Moorish rebellion, annexing the Taifa of Murcia as the Kingdom of Murcia loyal to Castil)

58
Q

In the 19C, which sides did Murcia support in:
the Peninsular War?
the Carlist Wars?

A

French loyalists (who lost)
Liberals (who lost)

59
Q

In 1879 a catastrophic flood hit Murcia and Alicante after a long drought. What date? What was it called?

A

15 Oct 1879
La Riada de Santa Teresa
(60cm rain in one hour)

60
Q

Phylloxera reached Murcia in the mid 1890s, but some soils were resistant. In which DO particularly? Ungrafted descendants of those vines are called what? Etymology of that term?

A

DO Jumilla
pie franco (free footed)
After the Franks from Germany who were free of Roman law.

61
Q

What severely disrupted winemaking in Murcia in the early 20C?

A

Second Republic (1931) and Spanish Civil War (1936), with trade blockades, and state mandated grubbing up of vineyards to plant other crops

62
Q

What year did Murcia become an autonomous community? How many provinces?

A

1982
One province

Spanish Wine Scholar (14 decks)

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