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Spanish Wine Scholar > Extremadura > Flashcards

Extremadura Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the people of Extremadura called? (i.e. their demonym)

A

Extremeños

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2
Q

Extremadura is bordered by?

A

N: Castilla y León
E: Castilla-La Mancha
S: Andalucía
W: Portugal

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3
Q

Where does Extremadura rank among the 17 autonomous communities, by:
area?
population?
vineyard?

A

5th by area
13th by population (1m)
2nd by vineyard (9% of Spain, largest is Castilla-La Mancha 49.5%)

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4
Q

How many provinces in Extremadura?
Bonus: name them

A

2

Cáceres
Badajoz

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5
Q

Capital, largest city of Extremadura

A

Capital: Mérida 60k 6%
Badajoz 151k
(Cáceres also larger 96k)

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6
Q

Climate of Extremadura

A

Continental
Some Atlantic influence in SW

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7
Q

Which weather pattern is a driving force in Extremadura? What does it do?

A

Azores High / Azores anticyclone
moves north in summer (from S to N of Azores) bringing clear skies and hot, dry weather

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8
Q

Tempratures in Extremadura:
average range
winter min
summer max

A

avg 4-26ºC
winter min 0ºC
summer max 40ºC

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9
Q

Rainfall in Extremadura? When?

A

low to moderate (400-800mm)
mostly in spring
higher in mountainous NE 1,100mm

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10
Q

Extremadura is mostly… mountainous or flat?

A

Flat

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11
Q

Extremadura is framed by which two major mountain ranges? Which other mountains run through them middle? Where is the highest point?

A

N: Sistema Central
S: Sierra Morena

E/C: Sierra de Guadalupe (Sierra de Villuercas), W extension of Montes de Toledo

N border: Calvitero 2,404m

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12
Q

Two main rivers in Extremadura? (Bonus: in which provinces? tributaries?)
Which two other river basins are the other sides of its borders?

A

Tajo (in Cáceres; Tiétar, Alagón)
Guadiana (in Badajoz)

Duero (Castilla y León)
Guadalquivir (Andalucía)

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13
Q

Soils in the main vineyards of Extremadura:
near Montes de Toledo?
near Sierra Morena?
near Guadiana River?

A

near Montes de Toledo: granite, slate, sand

near Sierra Morena: high limestone

near Guadiana River: sand, clay

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14
Q

Is Extremadura mostly red or white wine country? Main grape?

A

Red
Tempranillo

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

What is Extremadura’s main white grape? What is unusual about it?

A

Cayetana Blanca
Pardina

Genetically identical, but locally treated as separate varieties (grown and vinified separately)

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17
Q

How many wineries in Extremadura are authorised to produce vinos espumosos? Under which DO?

A

4
DO Cava

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18
Q

In the Extremadura vineyards, in which topographic areas are the elevations generally:
high
mid
lowest

A

high: near Montes de Toledo
mid: near Sierra Morena
lowest: Guadiana River basin

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19
Q

Main vine training technique in Extremadura?

A

en vaso
(manual)

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20
Q

When did Extremadura shift away from bulk wine into quality?

A

Still trying

21
Q

What is the name of Extremadura’s only DO? (bonus: when awarded?)

A

DO Ribera del Guadiana
1999

22
Q

How many subzones are in DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura? (Bonus: name them)

A

6

Montánchez
Cañamero
Ribera Baja
Ribera Alta
Tierra de Barros
Matanegra

23
Q

Which subzone of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura is best known for table grapes?

A

Ribera Alta

24
Q

Which subzone of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura is largest? What proportion of the DO vineyard?

A

Tierra de Barros
80%

25
Q

Which two subzones of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura are in the northern province of Cáceres?

A

Montánchez
Cañamero

26
Q

Proportion of tinto in DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura?

A

93%

27
Q

Which subzone of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura has the highest elevation?

A

Cañamero

28
Q

Which subzone of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura has the highest rainfall?

A

Cañamero (600-1,100mm)

29
Q

Which subzone of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura is three-quarters planted to the white grape Alarije?

A

Cañamero

30
Q

Which subzone of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura is northernmost?

A

Montánchez

31
Q

Which subzone of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura is 66% planted to the white grape Borba?

A

Montánchez

32
Q

Which subzone of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura borders Portugal?

A

Ribera Baja

33
Q

Which subzone(s) of DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura have a climate that is still continental, but tempered by the Atlantic?

A

Ribera Alta
Ribera Baja

34
Q

In DO Ribera del Guadiana in Extremadura, Tierra de Barros is the largest subzone with 80% of the DO vineyard. What are the:
soils?
dominant grapes?

A

Clay
R: Tempranillo, Garnacha Tinta, Cabernet Sauvignon

35
Q

Where in Extremadura are 50kyo Neolithic paintings found?

A

Maltravieso cave in Cáceres

36
Q

In which century did the Romans arrive in Extremadura, and which Roman province was it mostly part of?

A

2C BCE
Lusitania (with central Portugal)

37
Q

Which major Roman road runs through Extremadura? What is the route used as now?

A

Via de la Plata (Silver Way)
part of Camino de Santiago

38
Q

When was Mérida, now capital of Extremadura, founded? By whom? What did they call it?

A

25 BCE
Romans
Emerita Augusta
(9th largest city in Roman empire, at its height)

39
Q

In which century did the Visigoths arrive after the Romans, and where was their regional capital?

A

5C
still Mérida

40
Q

In which century did the Moors arrive after the Visigoths, and where was their regional capital?

A

8C
still Mérida

41
Q

In which century was Extremadura reclaimed from the Moors? By which king?

A

13C
King Alfonso IX of León

42
Q

In which year was Extremadura given provincial status by the Crown of Castile, and recognised as an administrative territory?

A

1371

43
Q

After the Moors were defeated at Granada in 1492, what opportunity did many Extremeños take to leave? (Bonus: who conquered the Aztecs?)

A

The followed Columbus to the Americas
(Hernán Cortés)

44
Q

In 1520, which prior of the Monastery of Guadalupe wrote the Book and Record of the Winery of the Monastery of Guadalupe?

A

Fray Juan Luis de Siruela

45
Q

Why did Extremadura miss out on the colonial prosperity of the 16-17C Spanish Golden Age?

A

Spain/Portugal conflict including Portugese Restoration War 1640-68. Emigration, farms abandoned.

46
Q

Which wars destroyed and killed so much in Extremadura in the 18-20C?

A

1701-14 War of Spanish Succession
1808-14 War of Spanish Independence
1936-39 Spanish Civil War

47
Q

What happened to Extremadura’s vineyards under Franco in the early-mid 20C?

A

Many grubbed up for other agriculture. 1960-70s planted to high yielding grapes for bulk wine.

48
Q

When did Extremadura become an autonomous community? How strongly did that revive its fortunes?

A

1983
Still poor and struggling

Spanish Wine Scholar (17 decks)

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