Las Islas Canarias Flashcards
Where are Las Islas Canarias? How far from the Spanish mainland?
Atlantic Ocean
off S Morocco (100km)
1,000km from mainland Spain
The seven primary islands of Las Islas Canarias are divided between two provinces. Name them, by province, west to east.
Santa Cruz de Tenerife province:
* El Hierro
* La Palma
* La Gomera
* Tenerife
Las Palmas province:
* Gran Canaria
* Fuerteventura
* Lanzarote
Where does the autonomous community Las Islas Canarias rank by area, and by density of population? What is the population?
Fifth smallest (13/17)
Third most densely populated
More than 2.1 million
Capital, largest city of Las Islas Canarias?
There are two capitals, one for each province.
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (18%)
Santa Cruz de Tenerife (9%)
Climate of Las Islas Canarias? Latitude?
Subtropical
28ºN
What are winter and summer temperatures like in Las Islas Canarias?
What is the climate like?
Warm winter (avg 22ºC)
Warm summer (avg 28ºC)
low diurnal and seasonal variation
‘best in the world’
Las Islas Canarias can see extremes of temperature in individual islands. For instance?
Tenerife
5ºC up Mt. Tiede
37ºC elsewhere on the island
Rainfall in Las Islas Canarias?
Where and when is it wettest? Exceptionally dry where?
Low (avg 350-500mm)
more at higher elevations
mostly November-March
Driest in Lanzarote 150mm
What winds affect Las Islas Canarias, and how?
Trade winds from NE
all year round
bringing cool, humid air
When and how were Las Islas Canarias created?
Millions of years ago by volcanic eruptions (which continue)
Geologically and topographically, Las Islas Canarias fall into two groups. For each group:
What characterises it?
Which of the seven major islands are in it?
On which island is the highest peak?
Western group, rising directly from the ocean:
El Hierro
La Palma
La Gomera
Tenerife (Pico del Teide 3,718m)
Gran Canaria
Eastern group: on an undersea plateau ‘the Canary Ridge’:
Fuerteventura (800m)
Lanzarote
Which four islands in Las Islas Canarias have volcanos that have been active since 15C?
El Hierro
La Palma
Tenerife
Lanzarote
Where does Pico del Teide on Tenerife rank for mountain heights in Spain, and volcano heights in the world?
Highest mountain in Spain
Third highest volcano on earth
3,718m
What are Las Islas Canarias soils generally like below, and above 800m?
Up to 800m: volcanic
Above 800m: clay, sand, volcanic elements
All are nutrient rich, and (crucially) water retentive
What unique soil is found on which islands in Las Islas Canarias? What effect does it have?
lapilli / picón
Parts of Lanzarote and La Palma
A layer of small, porous volcanic pebbles over the topsoil.
Filters rainwater, pulls moisture from winds, prevents evaporation
What effect did phylloxera have on Las Islas Canarias vineyards?
None, it never arrived. So Las Islas Canarias have some of Spain’s oldest vines.
Name the five main grape varieties of Las Islas Canarias with any synonyms
Malvasía Aromática
Malvasía Volcánica / Malvasía de Lanzarote
Listán Blanco / Palomino Fino
Listán Negro / Almuñeco
Listán Prieto
On Las Islas Canarias, what is the grape variety Malvasía Aromática’s history?
from Greece/Cyprus
historically for unfortified Malmsey
now little used
On Las Islas Canarias, what is the grape variety Malvasía Volcánica also known as? It is a natural cross of which two indigenous grapes? Where does it like to grow, and how old are the oldest vines?
Malvasía de Lanzarote
Malvasía Aromática x Marmajuelo
Likes volcanic soils on Lanzarote (where is it more than three-quarters of plantings).
Some over 100 years old
On Las Islas Canarias, what is Listán Blanco also known as? Where is it from? Which climatic aspects has it adapted well to?
Palomino Fino
from Andalucía
adapted to low rainfall and intense sunshine
What is the primary red grape variety on Las Islas Canarias? What is its synonym? Where is it from? What production method does it lend itself to?
Listán Negro / Almuñeco
indigenous to Canaries
carbonic maceration
What is the genetic relationship between these three grape varieties grown in Las Islas Canarias?
Listán Blanco
Listán Negro
Listán Prieto
No genetic relationship
Where is the grape variety Listán Prieto from? It is grown in small quantities on Las Islas Canarias, but where else is it thought to have gone?
brought from Castilla-La Mancha by Spanish settlers
thought to be the original Mission grape of the New World
Vineyards in Las Islas Canarias are planted up to what maximum elevation?
1,700m
among the highest in Europe