Madrid

Question 1

‘Madrid’ could refer to…?

Answer 1

A region, a province, or a city

Question 2

How many provinces in Comunidad de Madrid?

Answer 2

One

Question 3

Comunidad de Madrid is bordered by?

Answer 3

N&W: Castilla y León
S&E: Castilla-La Mancha

Question 4

How does Comunidad de Madrid rank:
by area?
by population?

Answer 4

Of 17 autonomous communities:
6th smallest (12th largest) by area;
3rd most populated region 6.5m

Question 5

How does Madrid the city rank among the capitals of Europe:
by population?
by elevation?

Answer 5

3rd most populated 3.2m
2nd highest after Andorra la Vella

Question 6

Climate of Comunidad de Madrid?

Answer 6

Continental

Question 7

Winter low and summer high temperatures of Comunidad de Madrid? Rainfall?

Answer 7

Winter below 0ºC
Summer exceeds 40ºC
500mm rainfall

Question 8

Comunidad de Madrid is located where, at what elevation?

Answer 8

Central Meseta
600-1,000m

Question 9

Comunidad de Madrid is bounded by which mountains?

Answer 9

to the north: Sierra de Guadarrama (eastern Sistema Central), part of Sierra de Gredos

Question 10

Comunidad de Madrid is bounded by which river? Fed by how many tributaries? Are they navigable?
Bonus: name them

Answer 10

Tajo River (down to 430m)
Six tributaries
Not navigable (gorges, waterfalls)

Alberche
Guadarrama
Manzanares
Jarama
Henares
Tajuña

Question 11

Soils in north and south of Comunidad de Madrid?

Answer 11

N: granitic in forested Sierra de Guadarrama and Sierra de Gredos
S (most of wine region): granite in west; sedimentary alluvium, limestone, loamy-clay in SC&SE

Question 12

Main grapes in Comunidad de Madrid? Two reds, two whites

Answer 12

R: Tino Fino (Tempranillo), Garnacha Tinta
W: Malvar (Lairén), Albillo (Real)

Question 13

What climate does the Malvar grape like, in Comunidad de Madrid?

Answer 13

long growing season to ripen
high, cool sites to preserve acidity

Question 14

Define:
rañas (in Comunidad de Madrid)
alluvium
colluvium

Answer 14

Rañas: terraces
Alluvium: river deposits
Colluvium: slope wash

Question 15

Main vine training in Comunidad de Madrid?

Answer 15

en vaso (manual harvest)
some EU investment in mechanisable training

Question 16

Comunidad de Madrid has a unique wine production:
name?
description of method?
grape/colour restrictions?

Answer 16

Sobremadre (with the mother)

Complete the fermentation, leave minimum 25% of solids with the unfiltered wine (sobremadre) for 90-180 days, bottle directly without clarification or filtration; a little carbon dioxide effervescence remains.

Any authorised grape or colour

Question 17

Name the DOs of Comunidad de Madrid

Answer 17

There is only one:
DO Vinos de Madrid

Question 18

Name the four subzones of Comunidad de Madrid, with locations relative to the city

Answer 18

SE: Arganda
W: Navalcarnero
further W: San Martín de Valdeiglesias
NE: El Molar

Question 19

Which subzone of Comunidad de Madrid is the largest?

Answer 19

Arganda

(Before El Molar, probably:
56% of vineyard
50% of production
31 municipalities)

Question 20

Which subzone of Comunidad de Madrid is a flat plain, bisected north-south by the Guadarrama River?

Answer 20

Navalcarnero
(to the west)

Question 21

Which subzone of Comunidad de Madrid is in the rugged landscape of the Sierra de Gredos mountains?

Answer 21

San Martín de Valdeiglesias

Question 22

Which subzone of Comunidad de Madrid primarily uses Tinto Fino (Tempranillo) for red wine, instead of Garnacha Tinta like the other three?

Answer 22

Arganda (to the SE)

Question 23

Which subzone of Comunidad de Madrid primarily uses Albillo (Real) for white wine, instead of Malvar like the other three?

Answer 23

San Martín de Valdeiglesias
(to the further west)

Question 24

Which subzone of Comunidad de Madrid is wettest? driest?

Answer 24

Wettest: San Martín de Valdeiglesias (to the further west)

Driest: Arganda (to the SE)

Question 25

In Comunidad de Madrid, 3,000 year old rock paintings and engravings were found where?

Answer 25

Reguerillo Cave
near Patones
in Sierra de Guadarrama

Question 26

Who founded Madrid, and what did they call it?

Answer 26

Moors
Mayrit

Question 27

Which Moor built an alcázar (castle) near Madrid?

Answer 27

Mohammed I of Córdoba

Question 28

Which forces reclaimed Madrid in the 11C?

Answer 28

Christian

Question 29

Who ordered the construction of a hunting lodge in 1406 near the city of Madrid? What was it built on? What did it become?

Answer 29

Henry III of Castile
on the ruins of the Moorish alcázar
became the official residence of the Spanish Royal Family

Question 30

Who moved the royal court (and effectively the capital) to Madrid? from where? in what year?

Answer 30

Philip II
from Toledo
1561

Question 31

Which king constructed the Plaza Mayor the Madrid? Which century? Since when has it been known as the Plaza Mayor?

Answer 31

Phillip III
17C
since end of Spanish Civil War

Question 32

What is the demonym for Madrid?

Answer 32

Madrileño

Question 33

What did the Spanish Inquisition do in the Plaza Mayor in Madrid?

Answer 33

trials and executions

Question 34

Which king cleaned Madrid up in 18C? How? What else did he do, to unite Spain?

Answer 34

Bourbon King Charles III
Built monuments, impressive buildings like Prado Museum, economic and cultural programmes.
Spanish national anthem and flag.

Question 35

In what year did phylloxera reach Madrid? What happened next?

Answer 35

1914
Slow recovery, replanted with Garnacha and Airén for co-operatives and bulk wine

Question 36

How did Madrid fare in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39)?

Answer 36

Badly. Attacked by Franco’s troops. ‘Siege of Madrid’ was first mass bombing of civilians by Nazi German air forces.

Question 37

When was DO Vinos de Madrid officially recognised?

Answer 37

1990