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Spanish Wine Scholar > Aragón > Flashcards

Aragón Flashcards

1
Q

What is the significance of the Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de Piedra? (Monastery of our Lady of Stone)

A

The original Garnacha de Aragón might have been planted there by Cistercian monks in 11-12C

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2
Q

When was a new railway opened between Cariñena and Zaragoza, to ship wine in response to demand abroad?

A

1887

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3
Q

When in the 20C did the late 19C economic growth in Aragón end?

A

1936
End of Second Spanish Republic and Franco’s uprising

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4
Q

Aragón is bordered by?

A

N: France
W: Navarra, La Rioja, Castilla y León
SW: Castilla-La Mancha
SE: Comunidad Valenciana
E: Cataluña

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5
Q

What are Aragón’s three provinces, and their capitals?

A

Provinces and capitals have same names:
Huesca
Zaragoza
Teruel

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6
Q

Capital and largest city of Aragón?

A

Zaragoza (660k >50%)

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7
Q

Climate of Aragón

A

Continental

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8
Q

Aragón broadly divides into two climatic zones. What are they?

A

Ebro Basin
Mountains

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9
Q

Which zone in Aragón has the more continental climate?

A

Ebro Basin

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10
Q

Average annual temperature in the two climatic zones of Aragón?

A

Ebro Basin: 14-15ºC
Mountains: 10-12ºC but depends on elevation

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11
Q

Average rainfall overall, and in the two climatic zones of Aragón?

A

Aragón: 550 mm
Ebro Basin: up to 400 mm
Mountains: as much as 2,000 mm

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12
Q

Four climatic hazards to viticulture in Aragón?

A

Cold NW Cierzo wind
Frost
Drought
Hail

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13
Q

Name the mountain ranges that flank Aragón

A

Pirineos
Sistema Ibérico

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14
Q

The Sistema Ibérico separates Aragón from what?

A

Meseta

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15
Q

Elevation of Ebro Basin in Aragón

A

150-300 m

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16
Q

Name five tributaries to the Ebro in Aragón

A

Jalón
Huerva
Gállego
Martín
Guadelope

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17
Q

Aragón has diverse topography. Are the soils similarly diverse?

A

No they are surprisingly similar

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18
Q

Soils of Aragón vineyards

A

Limestone and clay dominate.
Surface scree of pebbles, stones, rocks.
Some pockets of slate and granite.

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19
Q

Why are both Sardinia and Aragón possible birthplaces of Garnacha? Why is Aragón more likely?

A

The Kingdom of Aragón ruled Sardinia and the S of France in 15C, both longstanding bastions of Garnacha. But Aragón has more clonal variations, and Madrid documents from 1513 mention its historic synonym Aragonés.

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20
Q

Why was Garnacha rarely seen outside blends after being replanted in Aragón after phylloxera?

A

Prone to oxidation and ‘rustic’ wines. Winery hygiene needed to improve.

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21
Q

What factors led to Garnacha’s success today in Aragón?

A

Winery hygiene
Long-lived vines: old vines produce quality
In 1990s Aragón’s DOP wineries collectively saved their centenarian vines from EU subsidised grubbing up

22
Q

Where generally in Aragón is Garnacha most planted?

A

DOPs south of Ebro river: Calatayud, Campo de Borja, Cariñena.

23
Q

Where in Aragón are international varieties more planted than Garnacha? Which varieties?

A

DO Somontano (northernmost DO).
Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Chardonnay (65%)

24
Q

What are the majority vine training and harvesting techniques in Aragón?

A

en vaso (bush) trained
manual harvest

25
Q

When were the oldest vineyards in Aragón planted?

A

1890

26
Q

Production vessels and wine styles in Aragón for: vinos blancos and rosados?

A

stainless steel
fresh wines to drink young

27
Q

Production vessels and wine styles in Aragón for: vinos tintos?

A

many stainless steel to drink young
some complex barrel-aged

28
Q

What ageing designations are used on labels for vinos tintos in Aragón?

A

The usual: crianza, reserva, gran reserva

29
Q

A wine storage vat found in DO Calatayud dates back to 2C BCE. Which tribe and settlement was it from?

A

Celtiberians
Segeda

30
Q

DO Calatayud is near the foothills of which mountains?

A

Moncayo Massif
(in Sistema Ibérico)

31
Q

DO Calatayud: percentage red plantings? of which percentage Garnacha Tinta?

A

92% red
of which 62% Garnacha Tinta

32
Q

True/false: DO Calatayud reds are typically varietal Garnacha Tinta?

A

True
(deep colour, concentrated, mineral, fresh acidity)

33
Q

DO Calatayud has two ‘old vine’ designations. Names, minimum age of vines, maximum yields (kg/ha), any other restrictions?

A

Vinas Viejas, 35yo, 4,500 kg/ha
Calatayud Superior, 50yo, 3,500 kg/ha and 85%+ Garnacha Tinta

34
Q

DO Campo de Borja (Aragón):
percentage planted to Garnacha Tinta?
oldest vines planted when?
half the vines are how old?
who dominates production?

A

55% Garnacha Tinta
oldest planted 1890
half are 30-50yo
six co-operatives dominate production

35
Q

DO Cariñena - percentage planted to:
Garnacha Tinta?
Tempranillo?
Cariñena?

A

Garnacha Tinta 32%
Tempranillo 23%
Cariñena 5%

36
Q

Which DO has the most old vines in Spain?

A

DO Cariñena

37
Q

Main training technique in DO Cariñena?

A

en vaso

38
Q

Styles of blanco, rosado, tinto in DO Cariñena?

A

All as young and fresh, some tinto barrel aged

39
Q

Ageing designations used in DO Cariñena?

A

The usual crianza, reserva, gran reserva… and also

Añejo: tinto, min 15% alcohol, intensely oxidative, 24mth+ barrel, no bottle age requirement

40
Q

How did DO Cariñena fare from the Spanish Civil War?

A

Suffered greatly, didn’t recover until 1980s

41
Q

Northernmost DO in Aragón?

A

DO Somontano

42
Q

Wettest and greenest DO in Aragón?

A

DO Somontano

43
Q

DO Somontano in Aragón is in the foothills of which mountains?

A

Pirineos

44
Q

What is unusual (for Aragón) about the grape varieties planted in DO Somontano? How did this happen?

A

Mostly planted to French varieties (especially Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Chardonnay).
Bordelais settled here after phylloxera.

45
Q

There are 15 authorised grape varieties in DO Somontano in Aragón. How many are indigenous to Spain, with what percentage of plantings?
Bonus: Which are born of the region?

A

7 of the 15 are indigenous to Spain.
17% of plantings.
Local: Moristel, Parraleta, Alcañón

46
Q

In DO Somontano in Aragón, which are generally varietal and which blended: vinos blancos, vinos tintos?

A

Vinos blancos: generally varietal
Vinos tintos: frequently blended

47
Q

In Aragón, which DO has the lowest percentage of vinos tintos?

A

DO Somontano (57%, all others over 80%)

48
Q

In Aragón, which of the four DOs are known for varietal Garnacha Tinta, and which for blended reds?

A

Varietal Garnacha Tinta:
DO Calatayud
DO Campo de Borja
DO Cariñena

Blended reds: DO Somontano

49
Q

In Aragón, which of the four DO soils is not largely limestone? What is it?

A

DO Calatayud
slate

50
Q

Which DO in Aragón is least influenced by the Cierzo wind?

A

DO Calatayud

51
Q

All four DOs in Aragón have a continental climate. Which has another influence, and what is it?

A

DO Somontano is continental with Mediterranean influences

52
Q

Which DO in Aragón has the largest vineyard?

A

DO Cariñena (13,768 ha)

Spanish Wine Scholar (25 decks)

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