MSK I Review Flashcards
What age group is most commonly affected by shoulder bursitis?
Young/middle-aged men.
What are the common causes of shoulder impingement?
- Painful arc
- Minimal weakness
- Overhead movements
What population is most likely to develop shoulder osteoarthritis (OA)?
Heavy laborers aged 64-79, more common in men.
What are typical signs of shoulder instability/dislocation?
Popping, clunking, apprehension, and posterior shoulder pain.
What age group is commonly affected by shoulder labrum issues?
Individuals under 40 years old.
What are common signs of a rotator cuff tear?
Pain with weakness, limited ROM, and pain at night.
What are common symptoms of proximal bicep pathologies?
Pain with shoulder flexion and minimal weakness.
Usually occurs after falls or impacts on the lateral shoulder?
AC joint dysfunction
What population is most affected by shoulder adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)?
Women aged 40-70, often with a history of shoulder trauma.
What are common causes of scapular dysfunction/dyskinesia?
Tight pec, weakness in serratus and traps, and nerve damage.
What population is most affected by little leaguer’s shoulder?
Male throwing athletes aged 11-16.
What are common symptoms of epicondylopathy (tennis/golfer’s elbow)?
Localized distal epicondyle pain, especially in repetitive movements.
What age group is commonly affected by distal biceps tear?
Individuals over 45 years old, especially those with repetitive pronation.
What are common symptoms of ulnar collateral ligament injury of the elbow?
Localized distal epicondyle pain and decreased throwing velocity.
What are common signs of lateral collateral injury?
Giving way sensation and history of radial dislocation.
What population is commonly affected by annular ligament injury (nursemaid’s elbow)?
Children aged 2-4 years.
What are the signs and symptoms of shoulder bursitis?
Sudden pain with weakness and pain in the anterior/superior shoulder.
What are the signs and symptoms of shoulder impingement?
- Painful arc
- Minimal weakness
- Pain in the anterior/superior shoulder
What are the signs and symptoms of shoulder OA?
Pain and crepitus, stiffness in all motions, especially horizontal flexion/adduction.
What are the signs and symptoms of shoulder instability/dislocation?
Posterior shoulder pain, popping, clunking, and apprehension.
What are the signs and symptoms of shoulder labrum issues?
Popping, clunking, subluxation, and deep pain.
What are the signs and symptoms of rotator cuff tear?
Pain with weakness, limited ROM, and pain at night.
What are the signs and symptoms of proximal bicep pathologies?
Pain with shoulder flexion and minimal weakness.
What are the signs and symptoms of AC joint dysfunction?
Superior shoulder pain, limited ROM, and tenderness over the AC joint.
What are the signs and symptoms of shoulder adhesive capsulitis?
AROM and PROM limitations, often in women aged 40-70.
What are the signs and symptoms of scapular dysfunction/dyskinesia?
Altered scapular position, dysrhythmia, and pain with overhead activities.
What are the signs and symptoms of little leaguer’s shoulder?
Progressive or sudden pain, tenderness over the proximal humerus.
What are the signs and symptoms of epicondylopathy?
Localized distal epicondyle pain, especially with repetitive movements.
What are the signs and symptoms of distal biceps tear?
Localized pain, swelling, and ecchymosis.
What are the signs and symptoms of ulnar collateral ligament injury?
Localized pain and decreased throwing velocity.
What are the signs and symptoms of lateral collateral injury?
Giving way sensation and decreased extension ROM.
What are the signs and symptoms of annular ligament injury?
Pain with palpation and decreased ROM.
What special tests are used for diagnosing shoulder bursitis?
Push button sign and lift-off sign/Gerber’s.
What special tests are used for diagnosing shoulder impingement?
Neer’s, Hawkins Kennedy, Cross Body, and Zaslav.
What special tests are used for diagnosing shoulder OA?
Shrug sign and crepitus.
What special tests are used for diagnosing shoulder instability/dislocation?
Apprehension relocation/surprise load & shift, Jerk, and Sulcus sign.
What special tests are used for diagnosing shoulder labrum issues?
Jerk, Modified Dynamic Labral Sheer, Biceps Load I & II, O’Brien’s, Passive Distraction, and Labral Crank.
What special tests are used for diagnosing rotator cuff tear?
Drop arm sign, modified Jobe, empty can/full can, lag sign, lift-off sign, and belly press.
What special tests are used for diagnosing proximal bicep pathologies?
Biceps Test, Upper Cut Test, Yergason’s Test, and Speed’s Test.
What special tests are used for diagnosing AC joint dysfunction?
AC resisted extension, Cross Body Test/AC horizontal adduction, O’Brien’s, and AC shear.
What special tests are used for diagnosing shoulder adhesive capsulitis?
Shrug sign.
What special tests are used for diagnosing scapular dysfunction/dyskinesia?
Static scapular positional measurements, scapular assistance test (SAT), and wall pushup.
What special tests are used for diagnosing little leaguer’s shoulder?
Olecranon Manubrium Percussion and Bony Apprehension.
What special tests are used for diagnosing epicondylopathy?
Cozen, Maudsley’s, Mills, and Medial Epicondylitis.
What special tests are used for diagnosing distal biceps tear?
Biceps squeeze.
What special tests are used for diagnosing ulnar collateral ligament injury?
Moving valgus stress test.
What special tests are used for diagnosing lateral collateral injury?
Chair pushup test.
What special tests are used for diagnosing annular ligament injury?
Chair pushup test.
What are common objective measures/observations for shoulder bursitis?
Possible limited scapular upward mobility.
What are common objective measures/observations for shoulder impingement?
Limited scapular mobility, superior/anterior translation of the humeral head, and kyphotic posture.
What are common objective measures/observations for shoulder OA?
Stiffness in all motions, especially horizontal flexion/adduction.
What are common objective measures/observations for shoulder instability/dislocation?
Inability to use the arm and limited ROM.
What are common objective measures/observations for shoulder labrum issues?
Loss of velocity with throwing activities, popping, clicking, and clunks in the shoulder.
What are common objective measures/observations for rotator cuff tear?
Limited scapular upward rotation, kyphotic posture, and limited T-spine mobility.
What are common objective measures/observations for proximal bicep pathologies?
Limited scapular upward mobility and superior/anterior translation of the humeral head.
What are common objective measures/observations for AC joint dysfunction?
Palpable step off of the clavicle, swelling, and tenderness.
What are common objective measures/observations for shoulder adhesive capsulitis?
Inflammation and contraction of coracohumeral ligaments.
What are common objective measures/observations for scapular dysfunction/dyskinesia?
Altered position, biomechanics, and motion of the scapula.
What are common objective measures/observations for little leaguer’s shoulder?
Tenderness over the proximal humerus and pain with high-velocity overhead movement.
What are common objective measures/observations for epicondylopathy?
Avoidance of grasping or active wrist flexion/extension, pain with palpation, and decreased grip strength.
