MSCT Week 5: Cutaneous Infections Flashcards
Types of Cutaneous Infections and Infestations
5 Listed
Question 1
Impetigo (staphylococcus or streptococcus)
Impetigo Infection Type and Pathogen
Superficial Bacterial Infection
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Impetigo Location, morphology and description
commonly around the mouth or perineum
- crusted
- glazed
- eroded papule to plaques
- peripheral rim of scale
- Honey Crusted
- May be tender or asymptomatic
- uncommonly bullous
“Honey Crusted” is descriptive of?
Impetigo
Impetigo Treatment
Topical or oral antibiotics
Impetigo Overview
Identify
Impetigo
Bullous
Impetigo
True Blistering Impetigo
Question 2
Cellulitis
Cellulitis Description
Common but serious bacterial skin and soft tissue infection
Cellulitis Morphology and appearance
5 listed
- Edematous
- erythematous
- warm
- sometimes taut/shiny localized plaque
- usually unilateral
Cellulitis Etiology
- May be initiated by a skin injury
Cellulitis Treatment
- Rest
- elevation
- topical or systemic antibiotics
Cellulitis Overview
Question 3
Culture the Nasopharynx
because where is the problem and what is the bacteria doing to cause the problem
staph aureus toxin epidermolytic Toxin is coming from bacteria somewhere else
staph aureus lives in nasopharynx or perineum regions
Necrotizing Fasciitis Description & Pathogen
- Rare “Flesh-eating bacteria”
- deeper tissue injury
- usually anaerobic bacteria or Grp A Streptococcus pyogenes
Necrotizing Fasciitis Crepitus
Creates Gas
Gas bubbles throughout the skin
crackling of gas upon palpation
Necrotizing Fasciitis Morphology and appearance
- purple dusky necrotic color
- can be ulcerous and bullae
- crackling of gas upon palpation
Necrotizing Fasciitis Symptoms and treatment
- Associated severe pain
- systemic symptoms
- Surgical emergency
- IV antibiotics and other interventions
Necrotizing Fasciitis Overview
Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) Description and Pathogen
Epidermolytic-toxin produced by S. aureus
Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) caused by and seen in?
- Cleavage/split of epidermis (basically just peels off)
- Toxin comes from a bacteria somewhere else (usually nasopharynx or perneum)
- Typically affects infants and younger children in immunocompromized and physiologically decreased renal function
Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) Pertinant negative
not affecting mucosa just perioral and eyes
Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) Diagnosis
- Must culture the primary site like the nasopharynx or perianal
- no true muscosal involvement
Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) Treatment
- Systemic anti-staphylococcal antibiotic (PO or IV)
Identify
Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome
Question 4
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Herpes Simplex Virus Histology
individual keratinocytes infected by herpes simplex virus
have mutiple nuclei
have steely blue look with margination
molding nuclei fit together and mold together
3 Ms
Margination
Multinucleation
Molding
Herpes Simplex Virus Histology
- individual keratinocytes infected by herpes simplex virus
- have multiple nuclei
- have a steely blue look to the nucleus with margination
- molding nuclei fit together and mold together
- 3 Ms
- Margination
- Multinucleation
- Molding
Herpes Simplex Histology
- individual keratinocytes infected by herpes simplex virus
- have multiple nuclei
- have a steely blue look to the nucleus with margination
- molding nuclei fit together and mold together
- 3 Ms
- Margination
- Multinucleation
- Molding
Herpes Simplex Virus Description morphology and appearance
Fever blisters
cold sores
genital erosions
the initial infection may be asymptomatic to fulminant stomatitis
individual lesions may last days to weeks
Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment
- systemic antiviral if indicated
Herpes Simplex Virus Recurrence
once infected recurrence is common
Herpes Simplex Virus Overview
Question 5
Chicken Pox (Varicella)
Varicella Zoster Virus Symptoms, prevalence
Chicken Pox
can have systemic symptoms
Largely reduced via immunization
Very concerning in the immunocompromized
Varicella Zoster Lesion Description
Widespread disseminated papules and vesicles
Varicella Zoster Virus Lesion Morphology
- widely distributed vesicles and papules that are discreet from one another (disseminated papules and vesicles
Varicella Zoster Virus Reactivation
Zoster or shingles
Dermatomal distribution of papules, vesicles, and plaques
Varicella Zoster Virus Concerning Presentations
2 listed
- Ophthalmic involvement (can cause blindness)
- Ramsay-Hunt Syndrome: Facial Palsy and Ear pain
Varicella Zoster Virus Histology
Identical to HSV
Varicella Zoster Overview
Question 6
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Description
Verruca (warts)
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Subtypes
4 listed but there are more
- Vulgaris
- Palmoplantar
- Plana
- Condyloma acuminata
Vulgaris means
Common