MSCT Week 2: Fractures Flashcards by Jay Sandoval

Q

Subluxation

A

Partial disruption of a joint

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Q

Dislocation

A

Complete disruption of a joint

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Q

Fracture

A

Break in bone continuity

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Q

Fracture dislocation

A

disruption of bone and disruption of a joint occurring simultaneously

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Q

Open vs closed fracture

A

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Q

Fracture types

A

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Q

Fracture types

A

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Q

Displacement types

A

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Q

Angulation types

A

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Q

Intra-articular injury

A

extends into joint

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Q

Fracture risk factors

10 listed

A

Decreased bone density and muscle mass
Age
Sex
Vitamin D Deficiency
Chronic medical conditions (endocrine, GI)
Medications
Poor Nutrition
Lack of Physical Activity
Tobacco Use
Alcohol use

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Q

Examples of fracture line orientation

5 listed

A

Transverse
oblique
spiral
distracted
impacted

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Q

pathologic fractures

A

occurs in abnormal bone

tumor (benign or malignant)
infection
osteopenic

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Q

one view is …?

A

No view

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Q

Imaging of long bones

A

need at least 2 views

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Q

Imaging for joint

A

3 views needed for a joint

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Q

Identify injury

A

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Q

Identify injury

A

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Q

Identify

A

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Q

Identify

A

Q

Identify

A

Q

Identify Injury

A

Q

DIsplacement

A

Q

Identify

A

Identify

Identify

Identify

Identify

Identify

Identify

Distracted

Pulled apart fracture

impacted

bone smushes together

Characteristics to describe a fracture 6 listed

* Type * Location * Side * Bone * Displacement * Angulation

Phases of bone Healing: Intermediate

Fracture/Hematoma

Phases of bone Healing: 48 hours

* Inflammatory cells arrive

Phases of bone Healing: 7-14 days

Granulation tissue forms between fragments, with vascularization of the hematoma Radiographs - lucency and softening of fracture

Phases of bone Healing: 4-16 weeks

* Progenitor cells differentiate into fibroblasts and chondroblasts * produce a matrix of fibrous tissue and cartilage, woven bone is deposited by osteoblasts * Radiographs: callus

Phases of bone Healing: Months

Woven bone is replaced by lamellar bone

Phases of bone Healing: months to years

Remodeling

Bone Healing Complications: Delayed union

fracture healing takes 2x as long

Bone Healing Complications:Non-union (pseudoarthrosis

Fracture does not heal in 6-9 months

Bone Healing Complications: Malunion

Healing in an abnormal position

Identify complication

Non-Union

Identify complication

Hardware complications 5 listed

* Loosening * Peri-hardware fracture * Hardware Fracture * Infection * Particle Disease

Identify Complication

Identify Complication

Identify Complication

Identify Complication