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Control and Movement 2 > Movement Practical: Lower Limb 2 > Flashcards

Movement Practical: Lower Limb 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What femoral structure prevents lateral dislocation of the patella?

A

Lateral condyle

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2
Q

How many intermuscular septa does the fascia lata form in the thigh?

A

Three - forms anterior, medial and posterior compartments

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3
Q

To what feature of the femur do the intermuscular septa of the fascia lata attach to?

A

Linea aspera

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4
Q

What is the common origin of the three major hamstring muscles?

A

Upper ischial tuberosity (posterior surface)

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5
Q

What is the innervation of the hamstrings, where does it branch from and what are its nerve roots?

A

Tibial nerve
Branch of the sciatic nerve
L5, S1, S2

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6
Q

Where does the long head of biceps femoris insert?

A

The head of the fibula

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7
Q

Where does semitendinosus insert?

A

The medial surface of the proximal tibia

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8
Q

Where does semimembranosus insert?

A

Knee joint capsule

Groove on the medial tibial condyle (inferior to medial collateral ligament insertion)

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9
Q

Why is the short head of biceps femoris not considered part of the hamstrings?

A

Doesn’t share the same origin and innervation

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10
Q

Where does the short head of biceps femoris originate and insert?

A

Lateral lip of the linea aspera

Head of the fibula

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11
Q

What is the innervation of the short head of biceps femoris, what are its nerve roots and where does it branch from?

A

Common fibular/peroneal nerve
Branch of the sciatic nerve
L5, S1, S2

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12
Q

What are the nerve roots of the common fibular/peroneal nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2

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13
Q

What are the nerve roots of the tibial nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

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14
Q

Which nerve is larger, the tibial or the common fibular/peroneal?

A

Tibial, about twice the size of the common fibular/peroneal

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15
Q

What is the common function of the hamstrings?

A

Extension at the hip and flexion at the knee

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16
Q

How to biceps femoris and the other two hamstring muscles differ in their function?

A

Biceps femoris laterally rotates the femur and the leg

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus medially rotate the femur and the leg

17
Q

What is the common innervation of the hamstring part of adductor magnus and the hamstring muscles?

A

Tibial nerve

L5, S1, S2

18
Q

What is the proximal attachment of adductor magnus?

A

Upper surface of the ischial tuberosity

Adductor part also originates from ischial ramus and inferior pubic ramus

19
Q

Which muscle in the posterior compartment of the thigh is innervated by the obturator nerve and what are its nerve roots?

A

Adductor part of adductor magnus

L2, L3, L4

20
Q

Why is the hamstrings part of adductor magnus considered as part of the hamstrings despite being in the medial compartment?

A

Similar function
Same proximal attachment
Same innervation

21
Q

Which nerve deviates laterally in the popliteal fossa?

A

Common fibular/peroneal nerve

22
Q

Which nerve passes through the midline in the popliteal fossa?

A

Tibial nerve

23
Q

Which muscles form the superior borders of the popliteal fossa?

A

Biceps femoris laterally

Semimembranosus/tendinosus medially

24
Q

What forms the inferior borders of the popliteal fossa?

A

Medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

25
Q

Which boundary of the popliteal fossa is formed by a deep fascia continuous with the fascia lata?

A

Roof

26
Q

What forms the floor of the popliteal fossa?

A

Knee joint capsule and surfaces of the femur/tibia

Popliteus muscle

27
Q

Which blood vessels run through the popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteal vein and artery

28
Q

What drains into the popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa?

A

Small saphenous vein

29
Q

What is the secondary function of gastrocnemius (other than plantarflexion of the ankle)?

A

Flexion of the knee

30
Q

Which muscles other than gastrocnemius form the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Plantaris and soleus

31
Q

What is the common function of the superficial posterior muscles of the leg?

A

Plantarflexion of the ankle

32
Q

What is the most superficial structure in the popliteal fossa?

A

Tibial nerve

33
Q

What is the arrangement of the tibial nerve and popliteal vessels from lateral to medial?

A

Tibial nerve
Popliteal vein
Popliteal artery

34
Q

Which head of gastrocnemius is larger in terms of muscle mass?

A

Medial

35
Q

Which muscle in the superficial group of the posterior muscles of the leg is unable to contribute to flexion of the knee and why?

A

Soleus: plantaris and gastrocnemius attach to the tibial condyles, soleus originates from the head of the fibula

36
Q

On which side of the leg can soleus be more easily seen and palpated?

A

Lateral

Control and Movement 2 (22 decks)

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