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Control and Movement 2 > Movement Practical: Lower Limb 1 > Flashcards

Movement Practical: Lower Limb 1 Flashcards

1
Q

In which gender do we see a more heart-shaped than rounded pelvic inlet?

A

Males

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2
Q

Which gender has an 80-85 degree angle between the arms of the pelvic arch?

A

Females

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3
Q

Do males have more or less prominent ischial spines than females?

A

More

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4
Q

Which ligament forms the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrospinous ligament

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5
Q

What is the name of the foramen formed by two ligaments that attach to the sacrum and insert onto parts of the ischium?

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

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6
Q

Where does gluteus maximus attach on the external surface of the ilium?

A

Posterior to the posterior gluteal line

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7
Q

Which gluteus muscle originates from the dorsal sacrum, lateral coccyx and the fascia of erector spinae, among other points?

A

Gluteus maximus

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8
Q

Where does gluteus medius originate?

A

External surface of the ilium, between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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9
Q

Where does gluteus minimus originate?

A

External surface of the ilium, between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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10
Q

What is the common insertion of gluteus medius and minimus?

A

The greater trochanter of the femur

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11
Q

Where does gluteus maximus insert?

A

The gluteal tuberosity of the femur (inferior and slightly posterior to the greater trochanter)
The posterior aspect of the iliotibial tract

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12
Q

What is the function of gluteus maximus?

A

Main extensor of flexed femur

Lateral rotation of the thigh

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13
Q

What is the common function of gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Main abductors of the thigh
Medial rotation of the thigh
Holds pelvis secure over standing leg and prevents pelvic drop

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14
Q

Which nerve supplies gluteus maximus and what are its spinal nerve roots?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

L5, S1, S2

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15
Q

Which nerve supplies gluteus medius and minimus and what are its spinal nerve roots?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

L4, L5, S1

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16
Q

What is the iliotibial tract a thickening of?

A

Fascia lata

17
Q

Where does piriformis originate and insert?

A

Anterior sacrum

Greater trochanter of the femur (medial aspect of superior border)

18
Q

Which foramen does piriformis pass through to reach the gluteal region?

A

Greater sciatic foramen

19
Q

In which quadrant of the gluteal region should intramuscular injections be performed in order to avoid the sciatic nerve?

A

Upper lateral

20
Q

Which neurovascular bundle passes through the greater sciatic foramen superior to piriformis?

A

Superior gluteal artery, nerve and vein

21
Q

Which blood vessels pass through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis?

A

Inferior gluteal artery and vein

Internal pudendal artery and veins

22
Q

Which nerves pass through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis?

A 
Sciatic nerve
Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Nerve to obturator internus
Nerve to quadratus femoris
Inferior gluteal nerve
Pudendal nerve
23
Q

What is the only gluteal nerve not to pass through the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Perforating cutaneous nerve (pierces sacrotuberous ligament)

24
Q

Which structures reenter the pelvic cavity by passing back through the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal nerve
Nerve to obturator internus

25
Q

Which muscle passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Obturator internus

26
Q

Which muscle originates from the obturator membrane and the nearby ischium and pubis?

A

Obturator internus

27
Q

Where does superior gemellus originate?

A

Ischial spine

28
Q

Where does inferior gemellus originate?

A

Ischial tuberosity (upper part)

29
Q

Which muscle is in between the gemelli muscles and has them attaching partially to its membrane?

A

Obturator internus

30
Q

What is the common insertion of the gemelli, obturator internus and piriformis?

A

Greater trochanter of the femur (medial aspect)

31
Q

What is the function of the gemelli, obturator internus and piriformis when the thigh is flexed?

A

Adduction of the femur

32
Q

What is the function of the gemelli, obturator internus and piriformis when the thigh is extended?

A

Lateral rotation of the femur

33
Q

Which muscle originates from the lateral ischium, anterior to the ischial tuberosity and inferior to the gemelli, obturator internus and piriformis?

A

Quadratus femoris

34
Q

Where does quadratus femoris insert?

A

Quadrate tubercle of the femur (just inferior to greater tubercle)

35
Q

What is the function of quadratus femoris?

A

Lateral rotation of the femur

36
Q

What are the nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

Control and Movement 2 (22 decks)

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