Motivation

Question 1

a need or desire that energizes and directs behaviors

Answer 1

motivation

Question 2

unlearned behavior that is passed on from generation to generation; evolutionary behavior

Answer 2

instinct

Question 3

a physiological need that creates an aroused tension state

(a drive) that motivates us to satisfy the need

Answer 3

drive reduction theory

Question 4

what is the goal of the drive reduction theory?

Answer 4

Homeostasis

Question 5

balanced internal state

Answer 5

homeostasis

Question 6

a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behaviors (based on reward and punishment)

Answer 6

incentive

Question 7

desire to perform a behavior because you want to

Answer 7

intrinsic motivation

Question 8

desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishment

Answer 8

extrinsic motivation

Question 9

occurs when an external incentive decreases a persons intrinsic motivation; babysitting once for money then never again unless money is promised

Answer 9

over-justification effect

Question 10

start by satisfying basic needs then moving to complex

Answer 10

mallows hierarchy of needs

Question 11

What are mallows hierarchy of needs in order

Answer 11

physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love, self esteem needs, self actualization

Question 12

reaching full potential, accomplishment of all goals

Answer 12

self actualization

Question 13

needs are met = seek information and stimulation; lack of stimulation = bored; too much = stress

Answer 13

optimal arousal

Question 14

we week best at moderate levels of arousal for more tasks, especially cognitive and mental tasks

Answer 14

yerkes dodson law

Question 15

theory behind a human infant rooting to find the mother’s nipple

Answer 15

instinct

Question 16

theory behind getting a glass of water when you are thirsty

Answer 16

drive reduction

Question 17

theory behind going for a walk when you are worried or restless

Answer 17

optimal arousal

Question 18

theory behind reading a book on a long car ride

Answer 18

optimal arousal

Question 19

theory behind studying hard to pass an exam

Answer 19

incentive

Question 20

theory behind crying when hurt or upset

Answer 20

instinct

Question 21

theory behind developing a lasting, intimate relationship

Answer 21

incentive/ instinct

Question 22

theory behind going to college

Answer 22

incentive

Question 23

stomach contractions accompany our feelings of hunger

Answer 23

cannon + Washburn

Question 24

blood sugar gives us energy; low= hunger

Answer 24

Glucose Theory

Question 25

hormones are released as hunger is felt

Answer 25

hypothalamus

Question 26

hormone released by the pancreas

Answer 26

insulin

Question 27

hormone released by the stomach

Answer 27

Grelin

Question 28

hormone released by the hypothalamus

Answer 28

orexin

Question 29

hormone released from fat cells

Answer 29

leptin

Question 30

hormone released from digestive tract

Answer 30

PYY

Question 31

lateral hypothalamus- lesion =

Answer 31

full

Question 32

lateral hypothalamus- stimulate =

Answer 32

hunger

Question 33

ventromedial hypothalamus - lesion =

Answer 33

hunger

Question 34

ventromedial hypothalamus - stimulate

Answer 34

full

Question 35

point at which an individuals "weight thermostat" is supposedly set, by the hypothalamus

Answer 35

set point theory

Question 36

who came up with the set point theory

Answer 36

reesy + powley

Question 37

feel hungry when our body temp drops, supports by we tend to beat more in the winter or not eat when we are sick

Answer 37

heat production theory

Question 38

who proposed the heat production theory

Answer 38

brobeck

Question 39

what are the psychological factors associated with hunger

Answer 39

1. Learned behaviors (meal times) 2. Stress/ emotion 3. taste/ smell/ appearance (cultural)

Question 40

being over 20 % over ideal body weight

Answer 40

obesity

Question 41

what are the health risks of being obese

Answer 41

cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, cancer and back problems

Question 42

what are the social effects of being obese

Answer 42

ridicule, insurance, attitude

Question 43

what are the causes of being obese

Answer 43

overheating, fast food, processed food, lack of exercise, large portions

Question 44

when a normal weight person diets and becomes significantly underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to stave

Answer 44

anorexia nervosa

Question 45

disorder characterized by episodes of over eating, usually high calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise

Answer 45

bulimia nervosa

Question 46

reasons for eating disorders

Answer 46

family genetics cultural

Question 47

a desire of significant personal accomplishment, having high standards for self

Answer 47

achievement motivation

Question 48

refers to our enduring sexual attraction (homo hetero bi)

Answer 48

sexual orientation

Question 49

What theory has no evidence behind someones sexual orientation

Answer 49

their upbringing , social

Question 50

Twins usually have the same sexual orientation supports that sexual orientation is motivated by

Answer 50

biological factors

Question 51

Who looked at the hypothalamus cells when dealing with sexual orientation

Answer 51

Simon LeVay

Question 52

What did hypothalamus cells show when dealing with sexual orientation

Answer 52

Cells were smaller in homo males | Homo males had activity in hypo when sweat was smelled

Question 53

How do animals support that sexual orientation is due to biological factors

Answer 53

Animals are devoted to same sex partners

Question 54

What can effect sexual orientation in the prenatal environment

Answer 54

Prenatal environment

Question 55

more older brothers more likely to be gay if you're right handed

Answer 55

Fraternal Birth- Order Effect

Question 56

four phases of sexual response cycle

Answer 56

excitement , plateau , orgasm, resolution

Question 57

managers believe that employees will work only if rewarded with benefits or threatened with punishment

Answer 57

theory x

Question 58

what theory of managers think employees are extrinsically motivated

Answer 58

theory x

Question 59

managers believed that employees are internally motivated to do good work + policies should encourage this internal motive

Answer 59

theory y

Question 60

approach- approach

Answer 60

2 pos choices to pick

Question 61

avoidance - avoidance

Answer 61

2 neg

Question 62

approach - avoidance

Answer 62

1 pos and 1 neg