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Learning Flashcards

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Psychology 101 flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

watching, then imitating

A

observational learning

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2
Q

watching someone preform a task or express an emotion and feeling the same or being capable of preforming because the same connections are fired

A

mirror neurons

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3
Q

who is associated with observational learning

A

Albert Bandura

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4
Q

what experiment did Bandura do

A

Bobo doll experiment

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5
Q

what was the result of the Bobo doll experiment

A

Children exposed to aggressive shows were aggressive

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6
Q

viewing media violence results to increased expression of violence, along with antisocial parents

A

modeling violence

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7
Q

prosocial models have postive prosocial effects

A

positive observational learning

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8
Q

relatively permanent change in an organisms behavior due to experience

A

learning

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9
Q

refers to a learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus is paired with a previously neutral stimulus

A

Classical conditioning

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10
Q

who coined Classical conditioning

A

Ivan pavlov

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11
Q

elicits a natural response

food in Pavlov’s experiment

A

Unconditioned stimulus

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12
Q

Natural response to Unconditioned stimulus

Salivation to food in Pavlov’s experiment

A

unconditioned response

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13
Q

originally a neutral stimulus, paired with Uncontrolled stimulus
bell in Pavlov’s experiment

A

Conditioned stimulus

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14
Q

Learned response to previous neural stimulus, happens w out thought
salivation to bell in pavlov’s experiment

A

Conditioned response

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15
Q

initial learning stage, conditioning process

A

acquisition

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16
Q

for animals, the ___ must come before the ___.

Can’t ring bell and not bring food w it and expect salivation

A

neutral , uncontrolled

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17
Q

must be within ___ for animal to make a connection between things

A

half a second

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18
Q

caused by CS alone, counter conditioning

A

extinction

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19
Q

CR may still appear after extinction

A

Spontaneous recovery

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20
Q

similar stimuli, same result (ex dog salivating to horn and bell)

A

generalization

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21
Q

only responding to one stimuli

A

discrimination

22
Q

studied classical conditioning on humans

A

Watson

23
Q

what was Watsons experiment

A

Baby Albert Experiment

24
Q

Baby sits, brings in an animal
bar is banged as animal is brought in, child is scared
No banging but animal is feared
What is the UCS, USC, US, UR?

A

USC: sound
UCR: crying
US: animal
UR: fear

25
Q

researchers conditioned a flatworm to contract when exposed to light by repeatedly pairing the light with electric shock. What is the electric shock

A

unconditioned stimulus

26
Q

Brian ate a tuna sandwich and got sick. After that, the sight of tuna made him feel sick. What is the CR?

A

nausea from sight of sandwich

27
Q

based on consequence (reward and punishment)

A

operant conditioning

28
Q

coined OP Con , Skinner box or Operant chamber

A

BF Skinner

29
Q

is a often small chamber that is used to conduct operant conditioning research with animals. Within the chamber, there is usually a lever (for rats) or a key (for pigeons) that an individual animal can operate to obtain a food or water within the chamber as a reinforcer.

A

Skinner box or operant chamber

30
Q

According to ____ Law of Effect,
reinforcement will ____ behavior while
punishment will ____ behavior

A

strengthen

diminish

31
Q

increase and strengthen behavior

A

reinforcement

32
Q

addition of something pleasant

A

postive reinforcement

33
Q

removal of something unpleasant

A

negative reinforcement

34
Q

Receiving money for getting on the honor roll

A

postive reinforcement

35
Q

not having to do chores because of getting on the honor roll

A

negative reinforcement

36
Q

reinforces after a specific number of responses

A

fixed ratio (FR)

37
Q

Car salesmen getting paid by number of cars sold

A

Fixed ratio

38
Q

Reinforces after a specific time has elapsed

A

Fixed interval (FI)

39
Q

Getting paid bi-weekly

A

Fixed interval

40
Q

reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses, addictive

A

variable ratio (VR)

41
Q

SLot machine giving money

A

Variable ratio

42
Q

reinforces at unpredictable time variables

A

variable interval (VI)

43
Q

waiting for a taxi

A

variable interval

44
Q

meant to decrease a behavior

A

punishment

45
Q

addition of something unpleasant

A

positive punishment

46
Q

getting a ticket for speeding

A

positive punishment

47
Q

removal of something pleasant

A

negative punishment

48
Q

taking a phone bc of behavior

A

negative punishment

49
Q

every time a desired behavior is performed, a token is given

A

token economy

50
Q

reinforcing in small steps on the way to desired behavior

A

shaping

51
Q

reinforcer must be desired, ex a teen wouldn’t want a sticker

A

premack principle

psychology (16 decks)

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