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psychology > Introduction to Psychology > Flashcards

Introduction to Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

The science or study of behavior and mental processes

A

psychology

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2
Q

something you can directly observe and record; an action

A

behavioral

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3
Q

internal thoughts, subjective experience (perceptions, thoughts, dreams, feelings, opinions)

A

mental process

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4
Q

Mental Process or Behavioral: Bill forgot about the meeting.

A

mental process

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5
Q

Mental Process or Behavioral: Joe was not being professional.

A

mental process

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6
Q

Mental Process or Behavioral: Bill was not at the meeting.

A

Behavioral

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7
Q

Mental Process or Behavioral: She did not look at me when talking.

A

Behavioral

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8
Q

Mental Process or Behavioral: Karen is bored.

A

Mental Process

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9
Q

How is behavior explained?

A

situational and dispositional factors

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10
Q

external influences; something caused it, cause and effect

A

situational factors

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11
Q

internal influences, personality, the way you are

A

dispositional factors

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12
Q

Greek philosopher; nativist/inherited) believed that humans are the way they are when they are born

A

Plato/ socrates

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13
Q

Greek philosopher; (empiricist/ experience) humans are developed based on what they endure

A

Artistole

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14
Q

French man, supported Plato, people are born the way they are

A

Penee Descartes

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15
Q

British, supported aristole, experience shapes us, born a blank slate

A

John Locke/ Bacon

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16
Q

english, origin of the species, nature- nurture controversy, naturalist, genes v experience

A

Charles Darwin

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17
Q

involves whether human behavior is determined by the environment, either prenatal or during a person’s life, or by a person’s genes.

A

The nature versus nurture debate

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18
Q

The Father of psychology, 1st Laboratory of psychology, believes in stuctionalism and introspction (did a bell ringing lab test)

A

William Wuhat

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19
Q

the structures, parts of the mind/brain

A

stuctionalism

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20
Q

the examination or observation of one’s own mental and emotional processes, self observation (recording thoughts)

A

introspection

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21
Q

studied under Wuhat, believed in introspection, believed in structuralism

A

Edward B Titchner

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22
Q

1st American Psychologist, studied functionalism, created the fruit psych text @Harvard

A

William James

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23
Q

1st Female President of the APA in 1905, Studied under James, took class at Harvard, 2nd in class, denied Ph.D at Harvard but earned later in NJ

A

Mary Calkins

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24
Q

1st President of the APA, and 1st American Psych lab

A

G. Standley Hall

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25
Q

Believed in Psychoanalysis, thought behavior is due to unconscious thoughts, did dream analysis, present day lay and express thoughts,

A

Sigmund Freud

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26
Q

a viewpoint of the theory of the mind. It states that mental states are constituted solely by their functional role, which means, their causal relations with other mental states, sensory inputs and behavioral outputs

A

Functionalism

27
Q

founded behaviorism

A

John B Watson

28
Q

Believed in classical conditioning

A

Ivan pavlov

29
Q

if you are learning/performing an activity, you begin to just do it w out thinking

A

Classical Conditioning

30
Q

Studied reinforcement, Believed in behaviorism, and operant conditioning

A

BF Skinner

31
Q

Doing something to avoid punishment or gain a reward

A

Operant Conditioning

32
Q

Believed in humanism, you need to accept and understand others to be happy

A

Can Rogers & Abraham Maslow

33
Q

The 1st Black Male to achieve PhD in psychology

A

Fransis Cecil Sumner

34
Q

1st Woman to achieve PhD in psychology

A

Margaret Washburn

35
Q

1st Black Woman to achieve PhD in psychology

A

Inez Processer

36
Q

Present researchers focus on both ___ and ___ ____.

A

behavior and mental processes

37
Q

Our unconscious thoughts or early childhood experiences; Freud came up w

A

psychoanalysis

38
Q

Learning in response to your environment; Watson, Pavlov, Skinner

A

Behavorist

39
Q

Analyzes us from our thought process and actions; we are a result from them; Beck

A

Cognitive

40
Q

If someone is a loner, someone with a psychoanalysis approach would think they are this way because:

A

they were bullied as a young child

41
Q

If someone is a loner, someone with a behaviorist approach would think they are this way because:

A

They were once rejected

42
Q

If someone is a loner, someone with a cognitive approach would think they are this way because:

A

That person thinks they are a loner.

43
Q

Analyzes us from the POV of our physiology , looks for malfunctions in the brain

A

Biological ApproachB

44
Q

Evolved biological traits that are passed down from ancestors shapes us; Darwin supports

A

evolutionary

45
Q

Analyzes us from our self image; Con Rogers/Abraham Haslow, self esteem is causing the issue

A

Humanistic

46
Q

Shaped by culture and society

A

Self Cultural approach

47
Q

If someone is aggressive, someone with a Biological approach would think they are this way because:

A

They have a chemical inbalance

48
Q

If someone is aggressive, someone with a evoluntionary approach would think they are this way because:

A

That persons sex had to be aggressive to survive back in the day.

49
Q

If someone is a loner someone with a humanistic approach would think they are this way because:

A

They have low self esteem

50
Q

If someone is aggressive, someone with a self culture approach would think they are this way because:

A

They grew up in the inner city and that behavior is normal.

51
Q

Those who observe and analyze behavior patterns and develop theories on behavior

A

psychologist

52
Q

someone who deals with mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders

A

clinical psychologist

53
Q

someone who deals with problems of everyday life

A

counciling psychologist

54
Q

someone who studies groups and cultures

A

social cultural psychologist

55
Q

someone who studies the development of someone from womb to tomb

A

developmental psychologist

56
Q

someone who studies students and teachers for a better educational environment

A

educational psychologist

57
Q

someone who works for employers to improve employee output

A

industrial organizational psychologist (I/o)

58
Q

someone who deals with athletes participation &performance w public regulations and injury recovery

A

sports psychologist

59
Q

research how machines are people interact, major in engineering

A

Human factors psychologist

60
Q

some one who works in profiling, crime labs,, testimonys

A

forensic psychologist

61
Q

psychologist with a medical degree, can prescribe medication

A

psychiatrist

62
Q

research w practical applications, can be used

A

applied research

63
Q

knowledge based, can’t be used

A

basic research

64
Q

The Bio-Psycho-Social Approach includes: __ __ and ___

A

Psychological
biological
social cultural

psychology (16 decks)

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