Module 9 Exam 2 (part 2) Flashcards
what are the major endocrine glands
pineal, hypothalmus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, thymus, pancreas, adrenals, and gonads
What is the master gland and why is it called that
anterior pituitary, regulates output of hormones by other glands
What are the 3 stages of adolescence
early ages 10-13
middle ages 14-17
late ages 18-21
What age group has the highest incidence of caries than any other age group
adolescence
what is the high caries rate in adolesence related to?
eating habits, frequency, demands of rapid growth, emotional issues, peer pressures, cariogenic foods selected
what should we know about biofilm induced gingivitis during puberty
- incidence and severity may increase
- exaggerated response to biofilm
what are risk factors for periodontitis is adolescents
- supra and sub calc
- untreated caries
- ortho appliances
- OH
- infrequent/inadequeate DH care
- use of tobacco
- systemic diseases
- geneitc factors
- host immune factors
periodontal diseases in adolescents may be classified as
chronic or agressive
Loss of perio attachment and supporting bone is evident in how many adolesents in the world
5 to 47%
What are LAP and GAP caused by
both have a familial tendency and may have neutrophil dysfunction with a compromised immune response
What is Localized Aggressive Periodontitis
severe bone loss involving the first permanent molars and incisors, with proximal surface attachment loss on at least 2 permanent teeth
when is LAP first diagnosed
in the circupubertal years
What is the pathogenic microorganism of etiologic importance in LAP
actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (AA)
What is Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis
generalized proximal surface attachment loss affecting at least 3 permanent teeth other than the first molars and incisors
who does GAP occur in
persons under 30 years of age
What should an adolescent patient be educated on with dental biofilm control
- causes and prevention of dental caries
- effects of biofilm accumulation
- purposes of professional calc removal
- daily self care and its relation to oral tissue health
what should be included in a total caries control program in dental biofilm control
-educated about fluoride and need to restrict cariogenic foods
Is a fluoride tx program recommended for adolescents
yes, especially if they have not had the benefit of a fluoride water supply
How can a dietary assessment help adolescents?
it can provide an important learning experience, put responsibility on adolescent
What kinds of dietary suggestion can be given to adolescents?
- advise foods from the MyPlate
- emphasize a nutritious breakfast
- snack selection (nutritious foods, with recognition of cariogenic foods)
- suggest reading labels (become aware of serving size and nutrition
what are the contraindications for contraceptives
- circulatory problems
- liver disease
- cancer of breast
- severe migraine headaches
- pregnancy or lactation
what are the side effects of contraception related to
incorrect use of the drug rather than hormonal effects
What are some side effects that occur in some women o contraceptives
visual problems, mental depression, rashes, bleeding irregularity
What are the most significant side effects of contraceptives?
- cardiovascular
- weight gain
- decreased effectiveness when certain drugs are used including antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and rifampin
