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Dental Hygiene II > Module 14 Exam 3 part 1 > Flashcards

Module 14 Exam 3 part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the failure of normal fusion of embryonic process during developmen

A

cleft lip and palate

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2
Q

when does the formation of the lip occur

A

between the 4th or 7th week in utero

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3
Q

when is the cleft lip apparent

A

end of second month in utero (8 month)

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4
Q

when does the development of the palate happen

A

takes place during the 8th to 12th week

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5
Q

when is the cleft palate evident

A

by the end of the 3rd month 12thweek

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6
Q

what is a class one cleft palate

A

cleft of the tip of the uvula

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7
Q

what is a class two cleft palate

A

cleft of the uvula

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8
Q

what is a class three cleft palate

A

cleft of the soft palate

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9
Q

what is a class four cleft palate

A

cleft of the soft and hard palate

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10
Q

what is a class five cleft palate

A

cleft of the soft and hard palate that continues through the alveolar ridge on one side, associated with cleft lip of the same side

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11
Q

what is a class six cleft palate

A

cleft of the soft and hard palates that continues through the alveolar ridge on both sides, free premaxilla, bilateral cleft lip

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12
Q

what is a class seven cleft palate

A

submucous clef in which the muscle union is imperfect across the soft palate, short palate, uvula is often bifid, groove situated at midline, closure of pharynx isnt complete

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13
Q

what are risk factors for a cleft lip or palate

A

multifactoral, genetic and environmental

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14
Q

what are environmental factors for a cleft lip or palate

A

-tobacco, alcohol consumption, teratogenic agents, inadequate diet

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15
Q

what occurs more frequently in patients with clefts than in the general population

A

disturbances in normal tooth development

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16
Q

what is there a higher incidence of in cleft lip and palate

A

missing and supernumerary teeth, missing max laterals correspond to side of mouth with cleft

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17
Q

do people with cleft lip or palate require ortho care

A

yes, may be required after each stage of surgical tx

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18
Q

what is there a lack of in coordinated movements in patients with a cleft lip or palate which may cause the pt to have compensatory habits

A

-coordinated movement of lip, tongue, cheeks, floor of mouth, throat,

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19
Q

what is dental biofilm accumulation influenced by in patients with cleft palate or lip

A

irregular positioned teeth, inability to keep lips closed, mouth breathing, difficulties in personal oral care

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20
Q

what is common in periodontal tissues at the cleft site in adolescents

A

loss of bone and clinical attachment

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21
Q

where is periodontal tissue loss greatest at

A

cleft sites

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22
Q

what puts patients with a cleft lip or palate at a higher risk for caries

A

-malpositioned teeth, mastication problems, diet selection, dental biofilm

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23
Q

what contributes to ECC in patients with cleft lip or palate

A

-feeding difficulties of infants

24
Q

in more than 300 disorders, cleft lip, palate or both represent one feature of what

A

a syndrome

25
Q

what do factial deformities include in cleft lip or palate

A
  • depression of nostril on side with cleft
  • deficiency of upper lip
  • overprominent lower lip
26
Q

what infections are common in cleft lip or palate

A

upper respiratory infections, middle ear infections

27
Q

craniofacial anomilies of the nose and throat predispose the child with a cleft palate to

A

airway obstruction and breathing problems

28
Q

do patients with a cleft lip or palate have difficulty making certain sounds

A

yes

29
Q

what contributes to speech problems

A

-anatomic structure, airway and breathing problems and hearing difficulties

30
Q

hearing loss is ______ than in individuals with a cleft palate

A

higher

31
Q

when is surgical union of the cleft lip made

A

at 2 to 3 months of age, 10 weeks of age, weighs 10 lbs, serum hemoglobin of 10 mg/ml

32
Q

what are purposes of early tx of a cleft lip

A

-aids in feeding
encourages dev of premaxilla
partial closure of a cleft

33
Q

when is primary surgery to closure of the palate done

A

by age 18 months or earlier when possible

34
Q

what are the goals for tx of closure of cleft palate

A

achieve normal function, (speech)
relive problems of airway and breathing
-dental esthetics and functional occlusion

35
Q

what may secondary surgery of the cleft palate include

A

-lips, nose, palate and jaw

36
Q

what are the objectives of secondary surgical procedures of a cleft palate

A

improve function for coherent communication, improve appearance

37
Q

what are specific procedures of secondary surgical procedures

A
  • rhinoplasty, nasal septal surgery
  • velopharyngeal flap
  • closure of palatal fistuale
  • tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy
38
Q

When is an alveolar graft placed in palatal surgery

A

before eruption of maxillary teeth at the cleft site

39
Q

what does an alveolar graft do

A

creates a normal archetecture, support is provided for teeth

40
Q

what are teh 2 types of prosthesis in clefts

A

obturator- removable prosethesis closure of palatal opening

speech aid prosthesis- removable, completes palatopharyngeal valving

41
Q

what are the purposes and functions of a prosthesis for a cleft

A 
-closure of palate
replacement of teeth
fill out upper lip
masicatory function
restoration of vertical dimension
postorthodontic retainer
42
Q

when may orthodontic treatment be initiatied in a cleft

A

as early as 3 years old

43
Q

when is speech therapy training started and what is the emphasis

A
  • with very young children

- emphasis after the surgical or prosthodontic tx

44
Q

what is a major problem in restorative dentistry in cleft patients

A

dental caries

45
Q

what is the frequency of maintenence of cleft patients

A

3 or 4 months, difficult to keep teeth clean

46
Q

what are some of the objectives of appointment planning

A
  • review dental biofilm control
  • provide encouragement
  • to remove all calc and smooth surfaces
  • supervise a caries prevention program
47
Q

why may patients have apprehension at appointments

A
  • clinic tired

- low self esteerm, difficulties in social interactoins

48
Q

what should we know about speech in patients with clefts

A

-speech may be almost indiscernible, referral for speech assessment

49
Q

what would we know about hearing in patients with cleft

A

approach is similar to speech difficulties

50
Q

what kind of instructions should we provide in a patient with clefts

A
  • personal daily care- select tb and method
  • fluoride- fl2 dentifrice and diet supplements
  • rinsing instruction for older pts (over 6)
  • prostesis or speech aid- halitosis may be problem
51
Q

what should you inform the patient and family about their smoking or family’s smoking

A

emphasise potential damage to the perio tissues

52
Q

what should you prep a patients for presurgery of cleft palate

A

-prep mentally

53
Q

what should patient be made aware of post surgically of personal oral care of cleft lip or palate

A
  • rinse mouth carefully
  • water irrigation
  • great care to surgery site, careful
54
Q

What may be done in preparation for dental surgery as far as dental hygiene care

A
  • reduce oral bacterial count
  • reduce inflammation of gingiva and improve tissue tone (promotes less bleeding better healing)
  • remove cacl deposits
  • instruct in presurgical OH
  • instruct in use of foods
  • interpret dentists direction
  • motivate pt. who will have teeth remaining
55
Q

what should be included in pre surgery tx planning of intial oral preparation

A
  • need for pre med
  • develp rapport
  • explain and demonstrate biofilm control
  • -preform scaling to prep for tissue healing
  • provide post appt instruction
56
Q

after surgery the mouth may be too sore for brushing, what should be done

A

frequent irrigations, can use saline, chx, fluoride rinse

Dental Hygiene II (19 decks)

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