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Dental Hygiene II > Module 14 Exam 3 part 2 > Flashcards

Module 14 Exam 3 part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is tardive dyskinesia

A

involuntary movements of the mouth, lips, tongue, and jaws,associated with use of antipsychotic medication

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2
Q

what is schizophenia

A

complex, chronic mental disorder, disturbances in feeling, thinking, behavior significantly impair function to a level below normal for the individual

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3
Q

is a schizophrenic in touch or out of touch with realiy

A

out

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4
Q

what age is the onset for schizophrenics

A

15-24 in males

25 to 35 in women

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5
Q

what is the onset like of schizophrenia

A

it can be gradual or abrupt, patients remain chronically ill, where as others have periods of remission and recurrence

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6
Q

what are the phases of schizophrenia

A

prodromal, active, residual

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7
Q

what may prodromal symptoms appear as and for how long

A

signs of deterioration for as long as 1 year before the active phase

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8
Q

active phase symptoms are_______ those that reflect unusual, exaggerated behavior

A

positive

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9
Q

active phase symptoms are______ those that show absence of behavior that might be expected normally

A

negative

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10
Q

what can aggravate psychiatric symptoms

A

drugs and alcohol, rates of use are high in pts with schizophrenia

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11
Q

what are the objectives of tx of schizophenia

A

to reduce of alleviate the delusions, hallucinatons, and other symptoms and enable the pt to function in daily living

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12
Q

schizophrenia is associated with an excess of

A

dopamine

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13
Q

what are the common antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia tx

A

phenothiazines, butrophenones,thioxanthenes

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14
Q

after an acute schizophrenic episode what is adjusted for the remission period

A

dosage

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15
Q

what is integrated with pharmacotherapy in schizophrenic patients

A

psychosocial therapy

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16
Q

what may psychosocial therapy of a schizophrenic include

A

vocational rehab, training in social skills

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17
Q

what should you do at a DH appt with some who who has schizophrenia

A
  • plan for future
  • simple, familiar organized routine
  • review meds,
  • decrease stimulation
  • instruction on oral care
  • mouth prop to assist with tardive dyskinesia
  • look for signs of xerostomia
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18
Q

is dental care carried out during an acute exacerbatoin of schizophrenia

A

no, tx is done when pts symptoms are under control

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19
Q

what is dysotonia

A

muscle contractions

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20
Q

what is dysarthria

A

difficult speech

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21
Q

what is akathisia

A

restlesness, pacing

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22
Q

what is among the most common of the many psychiatric illnesses

A

depression

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23
Q

when does depression occur

A

at any age

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24
Q

What are characteristics of a major depressive disorder

A 
-depressed mood
diminished interest or pleasure
significant weight loss or gain
insomnia or hypersomnia
psychomotor agitation or retardation
fatigue or loss of energy
feelings of worthlessness or guilt
diminished ability to concentrate
recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
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25
Q

what is the primary treatment of depression

A

antidepression medications, tx may also include lifestyle changes, correction of sleep disorders, new diet and eating patterns, exercise, counseling

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26
Q

what are antidepressive medications inicated for

A

major depressive disorder and depressive stage of bipolar disorder

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27
Q

what are SSRI’s

A
  • initial therapy for depression

- prozac, paxil, zoloft, luvox

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28
Q

what is a serious side effect of tricyclic and heterocyclic antidepresents

A

xerostomia

29
Q

what are things that need to be avoided with taking MAOIs

A

certain foods and drugs to prevent a hypertensive crisis

30
Q

can some patients with lesser degrees of depression benefit from psychotherapy alone

A

yes

31
Q

what are indications for patients to have electroconvulsive therapy in depression

A
  • antidepressants contraindicated
  • nonresponsive to pharmacotherapy
  • delusions
  • overwhelming sucidal preoccupation
  • need for immediate response
32
Q

What kinds of foods do depressed people turn to to help them cope which cause oral complications

A

alcohol, sweets- relate to periodontal breakdown

33
Q

what are the side effects of antidepressants

A

xerostomia

34
Q

what oral implications may happen in patients with depression

A

loss of taste perception can result in a diet high in cariogenic foods

35
Q

what are the 4 apointment interventions in a patient with depression

A

assessment
approach-pos reinforcement
preventative instruction- dental biofilm control, xerostomia
implementation of a care plan

36
Q

what is a bipolar disorder

A

major mood disorder in which episodes of of varying degrees of mania and depression occur

37
Q

what are characteristics of a manic episode of bipolar disorder

A
  • inflated selfesteem
  • decreased need for sleep
  • more talkative than ususal
  • flight of ideas
  • distractibily
  • increase in goal directed activity
  • exessive involvement of pleasureable activity
38
Q

what is mania

A

characterized by excessive elation, hyperactivity, and accelerated thinking and speaking

39
Q

what kind of tx is used in bipolar disorder

A

pharmacotherapy and psychosocial therapy

40
Q

what kind of pharmacotherapy is used in tx of bipolar disorder

A

three pronged approach

41
Q

in an acute manic phase what is done to stablize the patients mood

A
  • sedation
  • anticonvulsants
  • antipsychotics
  • lithium carbonate- mood stablizer
42
Q

what is maintenence therapy of bipolar patients

A

goal is to obtain long term mood stablilzatoin and prevent the occurrence of both manic and depressive episodes

43
Q

what meds are used in maintenence of bipolar disorder

A

lithium carbonate and anticonvulsants

44
Q

what do psychosocial interventions do in a patient with bipolar disorder

A
  • educates family
  • encourages aherence to drug regimens
  • recognize early warning signs of mood
  • develop stress coping technique
45
Q

what are the oral health implications of bipolar disorder

A
  • oh needs unmet
  • unlikely to report injury or illness
  • tissues may appear abraded and lacerated from brushing
  • xerostomia
  • lithium may cause disgeusia, metallic taste in mouth
46
Q

what should you do at an appointment with a patient with bipolar disorder

A
  • dont rush pt
  • simplify surroundings
  • help pts caregiver to learn procedures
  • 3-4 month maintenence
  • pt instruction may be difficult due to short attention span
47
Q

what are the postpartum blues

A

nonpsychotic depression for few days after giving birth, not uncommon, crying irritability mood shifs

48
Q

what is post partum depression

A

moderate to severe depression may being by the 2nd to 3rd week post partum

49
Q

what are symptoms of post partum depression

A

-excessive fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite, loss of interest and enthusiasm

50
Q

what is post partum psychosis

A

mood disorder and may be of a depressive or manic state

51
Q

what are risk factors for postpartum psychosis

A
  • prexisting mental illness
  • stress
  • conflicts about motherhood
52
Q

what are early symptoms of post partum psychosis

A

complaints of insomnia, restlessness, tearfulness, fatigue, emotional unsteadness

53
Q

what are the progressive symptoms of postpartum psychosis

A

confusion, irrationality, delirium, obsessive concerns about the baby

54
Q

with out tx of postpartum psychosis what can happen

A

risk of sucicide, infanticide or both

55
Q

what kind of sucicidal precautions should be taken with postpartum psychosis

A

dont leave baby alone with mother

56
Q

what is anxiety

A

apprehension, tension, or dread that results from the anticipation of danger, the source of which is unknown or unrecognized.

57
Q

what is a panic attack

A

-overwhelming sense of impending doom is the cardinal symptom of the attack, may be unexpected or situationally bound

58
Q

what are symptoms of a panic attack

A

-shortness of breath
-diziness
-palpitatons
-trembling
sweating
choking
nausea
numbness
flushes or chills
chest pain
fear of dying, going crazy, losing control

59
Q

what is a panic disorder characterized by

A

recurrent panck attacks that are usually unexpected

60
Q

what is agoraphobia

A

fear of being in places or situation from which escabe might be difficult or emarassing or in which help might not be available in the event of a panic attach

61
Q

what is post traumatic stress disorder

A
  • an intiating traumatic event has occurred outside the range of unusual human expereince, a child may have this brought on by abuse
62
Q

what is generalized anxiety disorder

A

persistent, pervasive anxiety and exessive worry but they are not associated with life threatenting fears or attacks

63
Q

what is the basic theraputic approach to the treatment of anxiety disorders

A
  • elimiante intake of caffine alcohol and other drugs of abuse
  • diagnose and treat other med ical and psychiatric problems
  • exercise
64
Q

what is cognitive behavioral therapy

A

skilled behavior therapist is needed,

65
Q

what is pharmacotherapy in the tx of anxiety disorders

A
  • as few meds a possible

- tx can best be focused on pts sleep habits, physical activity, and attainment of personal control

66
Q

when drug tx in anxiety is indicated what kinds of meds are used

A

antianxiety and antidepressants

67
Q

what are antianxiety medications

A

benzodiazepines

68
Q

what are oral implicaitons of anxiety disorders

A

hypersensistive of teeth associated with patients general tenderness and irritability
xerostomia from meds
oral clealniness may not be present

69
Q

what can you do during appointments in patients with anxiety disorder

A
  • help pt feel in control

- explain each step to pt, keep communication open

Dental Hygiene II (19 decks)

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