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Dental Hygiene II > Module 14 Exam 3 part 2 > Flashcards

Module 14 Exam 3 part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is tardive dyskinesia

A

involuntary movements of the mouth, lips, tongue, and jaws,associated with use of antipsychotic medication

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2
Q

what is schizophenia

A

complex, chronic mental disorder, disturbances in feeling, thinking, behavior significantly impair function to a level below normal for the individual

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3
Q

is a schizophrenic in touch or out of touch with realiy

A

out

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4
Q

what age is the onset for schizophrenics

A

15-24 in males

25 to 35 in women

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5
Q

what is the onset like of schizophrenia

A

it can be gradual or abrupt, patients remain chronically ill, where as others have periods of remission and recurrence

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6
Q

what are the phases of schizophrenia

A

prodromal, active, residual

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7
Q

what may prodromal symptoms appear as and for how long

A

signs of deterioration for as long as 1 year before the active phase

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8
Q

active phase symptoms are_______ those that reflect unusual, exaggerated behavior

A

positive

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9
Q

active phase symptoms are______ those that show absence of behavior that might be expected normally

A

negative

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10
Q

what can aggravate psychiatric symptoms

A

drugs and alcohol, rates of use are high in pts with schizophrenia

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11
Q

what are the objectives of tx of schizophenia

A

to reduce of alleviate the delusions, hallucinatons, and other symptoms and enable the pt to function in daily living

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12
Q

schizophrenia is associated with an excess of

A

dopamine

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13
Q

what are the common antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia tx

A

phenothiazines, butrophenones,thioxanthenes

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14
Q

after an acute schizophrenic episode what is adjusted for the remission period

A

dosage

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15
Q

what is integrated with pharmacotherapy in schizophrenic patients

A

psychosocial therapy

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16
Q

what may psychosocial therapy of a schizophrenic include

A

vocational rehab, training in social skills

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17
Q

what should you do at a DH appt with some who who has schizophrenia

A
  • plan for future
  • simple, familiar organized routine
  • review meds,
  • decrease stimulation
  • instruction on oral care
  • mouth prop to assist with tardive dyskinesia
  • look for signs of xerostomia
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18
Q

is dental care carried out during an acute exacerbatoin of schizophrenia

A

no, tx is done when pts symptoms are under control

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19
Q

what is dysotonia

A

muscle contractions

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20
Q

what is dysarthria

A

difficult speech

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21
Q

what is akathisia

A

restlesness, pacing

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22
Q

what is among the most common of the many psychiatric illnesses

A

depression

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23
Q

when does depression occur

A

at any age

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24
Q

What are characteristics of a major depressive disorder

A 
-depressed mood
diminished interest or pleasure
significant weight loss or gain
insomnia or hypersomnia
psychomotor agitation or retardation
fatigue or loss of energy
feelings of worthlessness or guilt
diminished ability to concentrate
recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
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25
what is the primary treatment of depression
antidepression medications, tx may also include lifestyle changes, correction of sleep disorders, new diet and eating patterns, exercise, counseling
26
what are antidepressive medications inicated for
major depressive disorder and depressive stage of bipolar disorder
27
what are SSRI's
- initial therapy for depression | - prozac, paxil, zoloft, luvox
28
what is a serious side effect of tricyclic and heterocyclic antidepresents
xerostomia
29
what are things that need to be avoided with taking MAOIs
certain foods and drugs to prevent a hypertensive crisis
30
can some patients with lesser degrees of depression benefit from psychotherapy alone
yes
31
what are indications for patients to have electroconvulsive therapy in depression
- antidepressants contraindicated - nonresponsive to pharmacotherapy - delusions - overwhelming sucidal preoccupation - need for immediate response
32
What kinds of foods do depressed people turn to to help them cope which cause oral complications
alcohol, sweets- relate to periodontal breakdown
33
what are the side effects of antidepressants
xerostomia
34
what oral implications may happen in patients with depression
loss of taste perception can result in a diet high in cariogenic foods
35
what are the 4 apointment interventions in a patient with depression
assessment approach-pos reinforcement preventative instruction- dental biofilm control, xerostomia implementation of a care plan
36
what is a bipolar disorder
major mood disorder in which episodes of of varying degrees of mania and depression occur
37
what are characteristics of a manic episode of bipolar disorder
- inflated selfesteem - decreased need for sleep - more talkative than ususal - flight of ideas - distractibily - increase in goal directed activity - exessive involvement of pleasureable activity
38
what is mania
characterized by excessive elation, hyperactivity, and accelerated thinking and speaking
39
what kind of tx is used in bipolar disorder
pharmacotherapy and psychosocial therapy
40
what kind of pharmacotherapy is used in tx of bipolar disorder
three pronged approach
41
in an acute manic phase what is done to stablize the patients mood
- sedation - anticonvulsants - antipsychotics - lithium carbonate- mood stablizer
42
what is maintenence therapy of bipolar patients
goal is to obtain long term mood stablilzatoin and prevent the occurrence of both manic and depressive episodes
43
what meds are used in maintenence of bipolar disorder
lithium carbonate and anticonvulsants
44
what do psychosocial interventions do in a patient with bipolar disorder
- educates family - encourages aherence to drug regimens - recognize early warning signs of mood - develop stress coping technique
45
what are the oral health implications of bipolar disorder
- oh needs unmet - unlikely to report injury or illness - tissues may appear abraded and lacerated from brushing - xerostomia - lithium may cause disgeusia, metallic taste in mouth
46
what should you do at an appointment with a patient with bipolar disorder
- dont rush pt - simplify surroundings - help pts caregiver to learn procedures - 3-4 month maintenence - pt instruction may be difficult due to short attention span
47
what are the postpartum blues
nonpsychotic depression for few days after giving birth, not uncommon, crying irritability mood shifs
48
what is post partum depression
moderate to severe depression may being by the 2nd to 3rd week post partum
49
what are symptoms of post partum depression
-excessive fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite, loss of interest and enthusiasm
50
what is post partum psychosis
mood disorder and may be of a depressive or manic state
51
what are risk factors for postpartum psychosis
- prexisting mental illness - stress - conflicts about motherhood
52
what are early symptoms of post partum psychosis
complaints of insomnia, restlessness, tearfulness, fatigue, emotional unsteadness
53
what are the progressive symptoms of postpartum psychosis
confusion, irrationality, delirium, obsessive concerns about the baby
54
with out tx of postpartum psychosis what can happen
risk of sucicide, infanticide or both
55
what kind of sucicidal precautions should be taken with postpartum psychosis
dont leave baby alone with mother
56
what is anxiety
apprehension, tension, or dread that results from the anticipation of danger, the source of which is unknown or unrecognized.
57
what is a panic attack
-overwhelming sense of impending doom is the cardinal symptom of the attack, may be unexpected or situationally bound
58
what are symptoms of a panic attack
-shortness of breath -diziness -palpitatons -trembling sweating choking nausea numbness flushes or chills chest pain fear of dying, going crazy, losing control
59
what is a panic disorder characterized by
recurrent panck attacks that are usually unexpected
60
what is agoraphobia
fear of being in places or situation from which escabe might be difficult or emarassing or in which help might not be available in the event of a panic attach
61
what is post traumatic stress disorder
- an intiating traumatic event has occurred outside the range of unusual human expereince, a child may have this brought on by abuse
62
what is generalized anxiety disorder
persistent, pervasive anxiety and exessive worry but they are not associated with life threatenting fears or attacks
63
what is the basic theraputic approach to the treatment of anxiety disorders
- elimiante intake of caffine alcohol and other drugs of abuse - diagnose and treat other med ical and psychiatric problems - exercise
64
what is cognitive behavioral therapy
skilled behavior therapist is needed,
65
what is pharmacotherapy in the tx of anxiety disorders
- as few meds a possible | - tx can best be focused on pts sleep habits, physical activity, and attainment of personal control
66
when drug tx in anxiety is indicated what kinds of meds are used
antianxiety and antidepressants
67
what are antianxiety medications
benzodiazepines
68
what are oral implicaitons of anxiety disorders
hypersensistive of teeth associated with patients general tenderness and irritability xerostomia from meds oral clealniness may not be present
69
what can you do during appointments in patients with anxiety disorder
- help pt feel in control | - explain each step to pt, keep communication open

Dental Hygiene II (19 decks)

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