Module 44

Question 1

cognition

Answer 1

all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, & communicating

Question 2

schemas

Answer 2

a concept or framework that organizes + interprets information

Question 3

assimilate

Answer 3

interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

Question 4

accommodate

Answer 4

1. in sensation/perception, the process by which the eyes lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina
2. in developmental psychology, adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorportate new information

Question 5

sensorimotor stage

Answer 5

Piaget’s theory
- the stage (from birth to nearly 2 years) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities

Question 6

object permanence

Answer 6

the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

Question 7

preoperational stage

Answer 7

Piaget’s theory
the stage (from 2 to 6-7 years old) during which a child learns to use language but doesn’t yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic

Question 8

egocentric

Answer 8

Piaget’s theory
the preoperational childs difficulty taking anothers point of view

Question 9

theory of mind

Answer 9

peoples ideas about their own and others mental states- about their feelings, perceptions, + thoughts, & the behaviors these might predict

Question 10

concrete operational stage

Answer 10

Piaget’s theory
the stage of cognitive development (7-11 years old) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

Question 11

formal operational

Answer 11

Piaget’s theory
the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning around age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

Question 12

scaffold

Answer 12

a framework that offers children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking

Question 13

autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Answer 13

a disorder that appears in childhood & is marked in significant deficiencies in communication + social interaction, and by rigidly fixed interest + repetitive behaviors

Question 14

conservation

Answer 14

the principle that quantity (mass, volume, etc) remains the same despite changes in shape
- Piaget believed to be apart of concrete operational reasoning