module 35

Question 1

algorithms

Answer 1

step by step procedures that guarantee a solution

Question 2

heuristics

Answer 2

thinking short cuts, but usually have more errors than algorithms

Question 3

insight

Answer 3

a sudden realization of a problems solutions, contrasts strategy based solutions
- it strikes suddenly, w/ no feeling of getting warmer to the answer

Question 4

confirmation bias

Answer 4

leads us to seek evidence more willingly that supports our claim than goes against it

Question 5

fixation

Answer 5

an inability to come to a fresh, new and different perspective

Question 6

mental set

Answer 6

• ex. of fixation
• it is our tendency to approach a problem w/ the mind-set that has worked for us before

Question 7

intuiton

Answer 7

an effortless, automatic feeling or thought

Question 8

representative heuristics

Answer 8

estimating the likelihood of events in terms of how well they seem to represent/match a prototype

to judge the likelihood of something by intuitively comparing it to particular prototypes

Question 9

avaliability heuristic

Answer 9

when we estimate how common an event is based on its mental avaliability

(if instances come readily to mind, we may presume the event as more common. we remember and fear distasters rather more common things)

Question 10

overconfidence

Answer 10

to overestimate the accuracy of our knowledge and judgments

Question 11

belief perseverance

Answer 11

our tendency to cling to our beliefs in the face of/despite contrary evidence