Module 4 drugs Flashcards
(222 cards)
1
Q
decongestants
A
epinepherine-like drugs, alpha agonists; vasocontrictors used to reduce upper airway congestion; often combined with antihistamines in many cold remedies
Can be taken as spray or orally (but locally is better b/c you avoid systemic side e’s for the most part)
2
Q
NeoSynephrine
A
phenylephrine; nasal spray decongestant (only lasts about 4 hours)
Phenylephrine is most oral decongestant nowadays, even though oral form is no better than placebo (yet still produces sympathomimetic side e’s)
3
Q
Afrin
A
oxymetazoline; alpha agonist, very good decongestant that lasts about 12 hours
4
Q
Sudafed
A
pseudoephedrine (originally, but now it is usually not); good decongestant, but abused so heavily it is only behind counter in pharmacies as OTC
*does increase BP though so bad for those with HTN or CHF, so best to use nasally
5
Q
antihistamines
A
H1 rc blockers in cells of ENT so histamine cannot bind to them when mast cells degranulate in response to allergens
They are found in many cold remedies despite no proven cold benefits
6
Q
1st gen antihistamines
A
older, inexpensive antihistamines (H1 rc blockers) that cause drowsiness (now this effect is used in OTC sleep aids)
*some are also used for their anti-nausea effects from anticholinergic properties
7
Q
Benadryl
A
diphenhydramine; 1st gen antihistamine that works quickly; also used for antinausea effects from parasympatholytic activity
8
Q
Phenegran
A
promethazine; a phenothiazine that works like a 1st gen antihistamine; also used for antinausea effects b/c of parasympatholytic effects
9
Q
doxylamine
A
1st gen antihistamine; found in many cold and cough medicines meant to induce sleepiness (like Nyquil)
*shorter 1/2 life than Benadryl
10
Q
Chlor-Trimeton
A
chlorpheniramine; 1st gen antihistamine that works very quickly
11
Q
Claritin
A
loratidine; only early 2nd gen antihistamine still on market
12
Q
2nd gen antihistamines
A
better tolerated than 1st gen and are not sedating; also work better at treating hay fever
*should always be used prophylactically
13
Q
Allegra
A
fexofenadine; newer 2nd gen antihistamine
14
Q
Zyrtec
A
cetirizine; newer 2nd gen antihistamine
15
Q
LTAs
A
leukotriene rc antagonists; treat asthma and severe hay fever not responding to antihistamine therapy; block eicosanoids produced in AA pathway from lipoxegenase which are inflammatory mediators and cause bronchoconstriction
- hard to get insurance to cover; must prove much better relief than with antihistamines
- all -leukast
16
Q
Singulair
A
montelukast; leukotriene rc blocker; oral tablet 1/day
17
Q
Accolate
A
zafirlukast; leukotriene rc blocker
18
Q
Ultair
A
pranlukast; leukotriene rc blocker that is in late stage trials in US
19
Q
mast cell stabilizers
A
coat mast cells and prevent release of proinflammatory granules; inert drugs
Used for asthma and allergies
*only effective prophylaxis b/c it must be used before mast cells degranulate
*also used now for people who get ulcers from allergies
20
Q
NasalCrom
A
cromolyn sodium; mast cell stabilizer prototype that is still used commonly
Used nasally, but also as solution that can be nebulized for lungs/airway
21
Q
corticosteroids
A
Used in upper airways to treat resistant inflammation (like in allergic rhinitis); inhibit AA cascade
Not actual bronchodilators, so don’t use in acute, but dramatically reduce inflammation in 4-6 hours (good for maintenance asthma therapy)
Terrible long-term side e’s; better to use locally to avoid side e’s
All require Rx
22
Q
Flonase nasal spray
A
fluticasone; corticosteroid used in upper airway
23
Q
Nasacort nasal spray
A
triamcinolone; corticosteroid for upper airway
24
Q
Orabase
A
triamcinolone; corticosteroid applied to canker sores in mouth, although there is no proven benefit
25
antibiotics to treat ENT/lung infections conditions
pen VK, amoxicillin, Biaxin (clarithromycin), Cipro (ciproflaxacin)
26
antibiotics in topical creams and ointments
Bactroban (mupirocin) and neosporin; used for things like impetigo or outer ear infections (too toxic for internal use)
27
Bactroban
mupirocin; carboxylic acid antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis. Used for things like outer ear infections, but too toxic for internal use
28
Neosporin
antibiotic ointment, originally formula was neomycin (aminoglycoside) and polymyxin B for gram negative bacteria, and bacitracin for gram positive bacteria
29
Ocean Spray
salt water/saline; very good for use in irrigating nose when there is an infection
30
Floxin Otic
ofloxacin; otic solution of fluoroquinolone antibiotic; used for things like outer ear infections (too toxic for internal use)
31
acyclovir type drugs
used to treat herpes infections; Zovirax (acyclovir), Valtrex (valacyclovir), or Famvir (famciclovir)
32
ribavirin
guanosine (ribonucleic) analog used to stop viral RNA synthesis and viral mRNA capping, thus is a nucleoside inhibitor
Used for RSV among other bad viral infections
33
antifungals for ENT use
nystatin, miconazole, and clotrimazole used as 'swish and swallow' for oral thrush and sometimes sinus infections
34
antitussives
suppress cough by working on cough center of brain stem (medulla) or by anesthetizing stretch receptors in respiratory tract
35
narcotic antitussives
best antitussive drugs we have; any opioid works
36
codeine/morphine
classic narcotic antitussives
37
Hycodan
hydrocodone; opioid used as antitussive
38
DM or DXM
dextromethorphan; used more commonly than opioids as an antitussive b/c it is a non-addicting opioid congener and is OTC
*commonly accidentally overdosed b/c of ubiquity in OTC medications, just like acetaminophen
39
expectorants
aka mucolytics; reduce thickness of mucus to make patients more easily cough it up
40
Robitussin
guaifensin expectorant; used in many OTC cough and cold medications (like Robitussin)
Used for centuries, derived from guaiac tree
41
Dramamine
dimenhydrinate; antihistamine used OTC to prevent motion sickness and vertigo from anticholinergic effect
42
Transderm Scop
scopolamine; belladonna anticholinergic drug used OTC to prevent motion sickness and treat vertigo
43
Xylocaine
4-10% topical cocaine; our best decongestant and great local anesthetic (1-2% when injected for dental procedures)
*but is controlled substance so rarely used; instead use NeoSynephrine with lidocaine
44
Beconase
beclomethasone; corticosteroid used intranasally
45
Nasonex
mometasone; corticosteroid used for intransasal admin
46
Mycelex
clotrimazole; antifungal used as 'swish and swallow' liquid for thrush
47
Mycostatin
nystatin; antifungal used as 'swish and swallow' liquid for thrush
48
Chloromycetin Otic drops
chloramphenicol; antibiotic used for things like outer ear infections (too toxic for internal use)
49
Cerumenex ear drops
used to soften ear wax
50
LAs for ENT
local anesthetics for ear, nose, and throat use: sodium channel blockers to stop nerve transmissions
Includes -caine's
51
benzocaine and lidocaine
local anesthetics used for ENT; sodium channel blockers
52
silver nitrate
chemical cautery sticks used for cauterizing nosebleeds and shaving cuts
53
Vicks VapoRub
metholated (from eucalyptus oil) based petroleum jelly
54
Allegra-D
combination product; fexofenadine (antihistamine) and pseudoephedrine (decongestant)
55
Claritin-D
combination product; loraditine (antihistamine) and pseudoephedrine (decongestant)
56
NyQuil
combination product; phenylephrine (decongestant), doxylamine (1st gen antihistamine), dextromethorphan (opioid-like antitussive), and acetaminophen (analgesic, antipyretic)
57
Otobiotic Otic
combination product; hydrocortisone (corticosteroid) and polymyxin B (antibacterial)
58
bronchodilators
relax bronchial smooth muscle to treat asthma, emphysema, and exercise induced asthma (EIA)
Can be given by mouth, injection, nebulized liquid, or powder
59
Primatene Mist
OTC inhaler of epinepherine; non-selective adrenergic agonist; best drug for bronchospasm, especially in emergency situations
*but effects on heart and BP limit its use
60
front door bronchodilators
sympathomimetic drugs; B2 agonists that dilate bronchial smooth muscle
61
non-selective sympathomimetic bronchodilators
epinepherine, ephedrine, amphetamine, cocaine, etc.
62
Proventil MDI
albuterol; prototypical B2 selective agonist
| Rescue inhaler
63
Ventolin
albuterol; prototypical B2 selective agonist
| Rescue inhaler
64
LABA
long-acting B2 agonists used for prophylactic treatment b/c of 0.5 hour onset time that last up to 12 hours
65
Servent
salmeterol; LABA for asthma/COPD/EIA
66
formoterol
LABA for asthma/COPD/EIA
67
Advair
salmeterol (LABA) and flucticasone (corticosteroid); often used as powder for inhalation
68
back door bronchodilators
parasympatholytics; reduce parasympathetic effect of bronchoconstriction in order to dilate airway
69
ipratropium
prototype parasympatholytic back door bronchodilator; has less cardiac effect than atropine and is longer lasting
70
side door bronchodilators
xanthine derivatives; have nothing to do with ANS antagonism
Phosphodiesterase (specific type) inhibitors that work at cellular level to increase cAMP levels to yield bronchodilation and increase breathing rate by stimulating respiratory centers in CNS
*also stimulate brain activity, so cause seizures in high doses and restlessness. As a result, no longer used
71
cocoa beans
naturally rich in methylxanthine drugs caffeine and chemical relatives theobromine and theophylline; all of which are side door bronchodilators
72
theobromine
a xanthine found in hot chocolate
73
Theo-Dur
theophylline; mehtylxanthine commonly found in black tea
74
cromolyn sodium
mast cell stabilizer; formulated as liquid for nebulizers for inhalation (helps treat allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, asthma, or general hay fever)
75
Intal
cromolyn sodium inhalation aerosol; mast cell stabilizer for lung use
76
densensitizing injections
shots given as immunotherapy; produce blocking antibodies that are IgG that prevent IgE-allergen complex from causing mast cell degranulation
*costs thousands and must be done 1/week with increasing doses of allergen
77
Vanceril MDI
beclomethasone; inhaled corticosteroid
78
Azmacort
triamcinolone; inhaled corticosteroid
79
oral antibiotics for treating bronchitis and pneumonia
pen VK, amoxicillin, macrolides like clarithromycin (Biaxin) and azithromycin (Zithromax), and ciproflaxacin (fluoroquinolone)
80
drugs to help smoking cessation
NicoDerm (patch), Nicorette (gum), or other nicotine products like spray
81
Zyban
bupropion; antidepressant Rx drug used to help people quit smoking
82
Chantix
varenicline; first of new compounds: nicotine rc blockers that block nicotine rc's in brain
Newest and most effective addition to antismoking therapy; allows patients to ween themselves off nicotine while still smoking
*but increases neuropsychiatric symptoms including suicidal ideation and erratic behavior
83
ephedrine
sympathomimetic front door bronchodilator; found usually in injection or syrup
84
Isuprel
isoproterenol; sympathomimetic front door bronchodilator
85
Flovent MDI
fluticasone; inhaled corticosteroid
86
lung antifungal therapy
would need to be systemic; Difulcan (fluconazole) and Lamisil (terbinafine)
87
antiinfluenza drugs
Tamiflu and Relenza; or prevent with IIV4 or LAIV
88
Wellbutrin
bupropion; antidepressant Rx drug used to help people quit smoking
89
Survanta
surfactant extracted from ground up cow lungs used to treat lung disease of premature infants (hyaline membrane disease)
90
OC
oral contraceptives; composed of estrogens and/or progestins
Taken daily to suppress release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) produced by pituitary; without LH and FSH spike, ovulation does not occur
Also: thickens cervical mucus, thins uterine lining, and prevents shedding of endometrium
*increase risk of thromboembolic events
91
COCPs
combined oral contraceptive pills; use both synthetic estrogen and synthetic progestin in combo
Most popular OC
92
mini pill
```
only progestin (fixed dose) OC; prevent ovulation if taken for more than 1 cycle, plus thicken cervical mucus, and prevent uterine lining from maturing to the point it can accept a fertilized ovum
Less effective for preventing pregnancy compared to COCPs, but safer with women that have CV or cancer risks
```
93
monophasic pills
COCPs with fixed dose of estrogen (which is very high) and progestin; very effective but common bad side e's of nausea and blood clots
94
biphasic pills
COCPs with fixed dose of estrogen and two different doses of progestin
95
triphasic pills
COCPs with fixed (usually) dose of estrogen and three different amounts of progestin that varies throughout cycle
96
Lunelle
conraceptive injection; great b/c lasts months
97
Ortho Evra
contraceptive transdermal patch; only one in US
| As effective as OC with perfect use
98
NuvaRing
flexible plastic vaginal ring insert contraceptive; 3 weeks of slow proestin/estrogen leak
99
Depo-Provera
medroxyprogesterone; progestin-only injectable contraceptive; very convenient b/c only need 4/year so great for irresponsible pts.
Sometimes used b/c of thromboembolic safety concerns for women on COCPs currently
Not as effective as COCPs, but less responsibility is needed for pts.
100
Norplant II
implantable contraceptives; consist of 1-2 small silicone rods implanted under skin every 3 years that leach progestin
Very popular b/c of ease of use, low adverse side e rate, and reliable
101
barrier contraceptives
condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps
102
IUDs
intrauterine device; temporary device that disrupts implantation by virtue of presence in uterine cavity
Stores progestin drug that prevents ovulation as slow release
103
Lybrel
only OC approved to totally eliminate periods
104
EC
emergency contraceptive; uses abortive properties of COCPs as morning after pill; usually high dose of progestin
105
Plan B
high dose progestin levonorgestrel (2nd gen progestin); morning after pill; EC taken in two doses within 3 days of intercourse to make uterus inhospitable to implantation
*sooner it is taken after intercourse the better it works b/c after implantation it does nothing
106
abortifacients
drugs that terminate an already established pregnancy; drugs bind to progesterone rc's in uterine lining to cause a dramatic withdraw of calming progestin effects on uterine lining, so severe contractions occur to abort fetus
*can cause severe side effects b/c of severe contractions that may lead to death so follow up and pt. education is important
107
Mifeprex
mifepristone; RU-486; anti-progesterone abortifacient drug that can be used after implantation b/c it causes vigorous contractions of uterus and will terminate pregnancy
108
Yaz
formulated with drospirenone (synthetic hormone that mimics progesterone; 4th gen progestin); first OC approved for treating premenstrual dysphoric disorder, contraception, and moderate acne
*increases risk of thromboembolic events by 7x compared to other OCs
109
Premarin
conjugated estrogens from equine sources; used for HRT/MHT
| Improves vascular instability (hot flashes), irritability, insomnia, weight gain, and bone loss
110
calcium supplements
easiest drug to take to prevent osteoporosis; often combined with vitamin D
111
biphosphonates
treat osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclasts
| But make stomach upset, cause GI inflammation, esophagitis, and even esophageal erosion
112
Fosamax
alendronate; biphosphonate used to prevent osteoporosis
113
SERMs
selective estrogen rc modulators; prevent osteoporosis; have same desirable effects of natural estrogens like improving lipid profile, reducing hot flashes, and stabilizing bone mass, but do not risk increasing breast cancer
114
Evista
raloxifene; SERM used to prevent osteoporosis and help with lipid profile and hot flashes related to menopause
115
calcitonin drugs
drugs used to treat osteoporosis (not just prevent)
116
Monistat
miconazole; topical antifungal for vaginitis; OTC
117
Gyne-Lotrimin
clotrimazole; topical antifungal for vaginitis; OTC
118
nystatin
topical antifungal for vaginitis; OTC
119
terbinafine
topical antifungal for vaginitis; OTC
120
Flagyl
oral metronidazole; good for anaerobic infections, Rx to treat bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis
*but bad b/c makes stomach very upset
121
MetroGel
vaginal metronidazole; good for anaerobic infections, Rx to treat bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis
122
Cleocin
oral or vaginal clindamycin; food for anaerobic infections, Rx to treat bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis
123
Septra
trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole combination antibiotic for UTIs
124
cranberries
contains tannin chemicals that are thought to interfere with bacterial adhesion and growth for UTI treatment (although this is unproven); also anything that causes people to pee and acidifies urine helps with UTIs
125
Pyridium
phenazopyridine; urinary analgesic OTC that relieves pain, burning, urgency, and frequency that accompanies UTIs
*but does not cure infection and should not be taken more than 2 days or else it masks symptoms that may need more advanced treatment
126
bladder antispasmodics
anticholinergic drugs that relax smooth muscle of urinary tract
127
Ditropan
oxybutynin; anticholinergic drug used to treat urge incontinence or overactive bladder; blocks all three muscarinic rc's
128
Vesicare
solifenacin; selectively blocks type 3 muscarinic rc's
| Anticholinergic drug used to treat urge incontinence or overactive bladder
129
syphilis treatment
penicillin G and procaine penicillin (Bicillin)
130
gonorrhea treatment
many resistant to penicillins so 3rd gen cephalosporins used like Rocephin (ceftriaxone) or ciproflaxacine (fluoroquinolone)
131
chlamydia treatment
Rocephin, amoxicillin, Cipro, and/or Zithromax
132
prevention of neonatal eye infections during transvaginal delivery
originally silver nitrate drops were used, but now erythromycin or ciproflaxacin are used
133
Gardasil
HPV vaccine that prevents genital warts and therefore cervical cancer
134
PDE-5 inhibitors
phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors; used to treat ED and pulm. HTN by increasing nitric oxide locally in penile vasculature and in lungs to cause vasodilation
*also used to decrease size of prostate gland in benign prostatic hypertrophy
135
Viagra
sildenafil; PDE-5 inhibitor for ED or pulm. HTN
136
Cialis
tadalafil; PDE-5 inhibitor for ED or pulm. HTN
137
Ortho tri-cycline
triphasic OC pill approved for treating acne
138
Enovid
first oral contraceptive marketed in US (in 1960s) and was a progestin only drug
139
Provera
medroxyprogesterone; synthetic progestin
140
Megace
megestrol; progestin used for cachexia
141
sulfanilamide
one of first drugs used to treat syphilis; three day regime combined with trimethoprim is still used with Bactrim and Septra for uncomplicated, non-recurrent UTIs
142
penicillins for STIs
ampicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin G, procaine penicillin (Bicillin)
143
cephalosporins for STIs
Keflex (cephalexin) and Rocephin (ceftriaxone)
144
fluoroquinolones for STIs
Cipro (ciproflaxacin) and Levaquin (levoflaxacin)
145
macrolides for STIs
EES (erythromycin) and Zithromax (azithromycin)
146
tetracyclines for STIs
Minocin (minocycline)
147
Macrodantin
nitrofurantoin; nitrofuran antibiotic that interferes with protein synthesis; used prophylactically to prevent UTIs
148
phosphodiesterase inhibitors
drugs like caffeine; decrease LES (lower esophageal sphincter) pressure and make stomach more acidic, both contribute to GERD
149
nicotine and alcohol
lower LES pressure to contribute to GERD
150
oral antacids
neutralize HCl; can be in liquid or tablet form to treat acid-related disorders
Ca antacids have added benefit of supplementing extra calcium in those who need it
151
Amphojel
aluminum salt antacid
152
Tums
calcium salt antacid
153
Milk of Magnesia
magnesium salt antacids; tend to cause loose stool/diarrhea (so it can also be used as a laxative)
154
combination antacids
cut down on tendency of single formulations to either produce loosened stool or constipation
155
magnesium
stool regulator; orally it is not absorbed much and just pulls water into GI tract to loosen stool
156
Maalox
combination antacid of magnesium salts and aluminum hydroxides; neutral for stool b/c of Mg and Al countering each other
157
Riopan
combination antacid of aluminum salts and simethicone
158
Rolaids
combination antacid of calcium and magnesium salts
159
baking soda
antacid; very effective for indigestion, but contains large amount of sodium that causes rebound acid a few hour later
160
simethicone
reduces surface tension of liquids so that bubbles don't form; used for 'gas'
*inert and has low side e's
161
H2 blockers
antihistamines that only block H2 rc; dramatically reduced the number of ulcer surgeries needed
Now OTC with full strength as Rx
162
Tagamet
cimetidine; first H2 blocker, used for ARD
163
Zantac
ranitidine; H2 blocker, used for ARD
164
Pepcid
famotidine (antihistamine)
165
PPIs
proton pump inhibitors; decrease H pumped into stomach from parietal cells
Now OTC same strength as Rx
*all named -prazole
166
Prilosec
omeprazole; PPI
167
Prevacid
lansoprazole; PPI
168
Nexium
esomeprazole; 'purple pill'; PPI
169
Pepcid complete
famotidine (antihistamine), and Ca and Mg salts used as combination ARD treatment
170
Pepto-Bismol
bismuth subalicylate; indicated for treating heartburn, but is actually a weak antacid, but does have antisecretory activity in gut to decrease water in stool and absorbs toxins from E. coli (so good for local anti-diarrea action)
171
PrevPac
combination H. pylori treatment; simplifies treatment by combining amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and lansoprazole into one package
172
H. pylori infection treatment
amoxicillin or clarithromycin and a PPI
173
opioid drugs for diarrhea
have anticholinergic properties used to treat diarrhea; typically ones that do not induce euphoria are used
174
codeine
opioid drug used to treat diarrhea b/c of parasympatholytic effects
175
Paregoric
tincture of morphine used for diarrhea; NO LONGER AVAILABLE
176
Lomotil
diphenoxylate and atropine; opioid mixture used to treat diarrhea. Rx
177
Imodium
loperamide; synthetically produced opioid congener used for diarrhea. OTC
178
bulk agents
binding agents; inert, non-digestable fiber that binds free water in gut to treat constipation or diarrhea
Contains cellulose fibers similar to Kaolin-Pectin used for diarrhea; they hold on to water to increase bulk
179
Kaopectate
kaolin and pectin; bulk (binding) agents used for diarrhea
180
infectious diarrhea treatment
Septra (TMX-SMX), Cipro, Vibramycin (doxycycline)
181
Konsyl
bulk agent laxative; pure psyllium fiber inside is key ingredient (can also treat diarrhea)
Pure psyllium fiber retains water in colon so stool doesn't dry out to treat constipation, but can also 'soak up' excess water to treat diarrhea
182
oatmeal
acts like a binding agent for diarrhea treatment (or constipation)
183
Metamucil
bulk agent laxative
184
stool softeners and lubricants
slowly work over hours to days to create a film around stool which allows retention of moisture
185
Colace
contains docusate; stool softener
186
mineral oil
lubricant laxative for constipation; should only be taken for short term to avoid significant absorption
187
irritant/stimulant drugs
purgatives that stimulate vigorous bowel peristalsis
188
exercise
helps increase peristalsis of bowels; this is why many elderly people have constipation b/c they do not move around much
189
castor oil
irritant/stimulant for constipation treatment
190
sennosides
similar to irritant/stimulants for constipation; derived from senna plants
191
Ex-lax
sennoside laxative
192
salt solutions
used as laxatives
193
Fleets enema
saline; salt solution used for laxative
194
hypertonic magnesium citrate solutions
used as bowel preps before colonoscopy or surgery
195
magnesium salts
attract water by osmosis into bowel lumen as laxative
196
Epsom salts
hypertonic magnesium salt used as laxative
197
Mag Citrate
hypertonic magnesium salt used as laxative
198
fleet enemas
pre-prepared enemas for laxative
199
enema prep kits
meant to hang in bathtub; laxative
200
antiemetics
used for nausea/vomiting, vertigo, and motion sickness
201
antipyschotics and dopamine antagonists
have antiemetic effect
202
Compazine
prochlorperazine; dopamine antagonist used as antipsychotic drug, but also for n/v
Can be given p.o., parenterally, or rectally
203
dexamethasone
corticosteroid used for n/v after chemotherapy
204
benzodiazepines
used to treat n/v secondary to anxiety
205
cannabinoids
used as antiemetics and useful for glaucoma patients to reduce eye pressure
206
Marinol
dronabinol; cannabinoid with THC as active ingredient used for n/v and cachexia
207
5-HT type 3 rc antagonists
serotonin type 3 rc antagonists; most recent and most effective antinausea drugs
When 5-HT type 3 rc's are stimulated they send out signals carried by the vagus nerve that stimulate vomiting
Used for chemo patients, anesthesia patients, and even pregnancy induced n/v
208
Zofran
ondansetron; 5-HT type 3 rc. antagonist for n/v
209
Anzemet
dolasetron; 5-HT type 3 rc. antagonist for n/v
210
emetics
given to conscious patients as soon as possible after poisoning to prevent poison absorption
211
ipecac syrup
given as emetic for poisoning; not used much anymore b/c can be dangerously emetogenic
212
activated coal (charcoal)
used for poisoning (more popular now than ipecac syrup); binds to other drugs so they cannot be absorbed into blood stream
213
hemodialysis
used for poisoning by filtering out toxin that has been already absorbed
214
amphetamine-like 'uppers'
Rx weight loss drugs that suppress appetites and increase metabolism; but not used much anymore after Fen-Phen fiasco in 97 when it caused MIs
*but phentermine is still used sometimes
215
phentermine
amphetamine-like upper used for weight loss
216
Meridia
SNRI antidepressant; suppresses appetite
| *very dangerous drug that was PULLED from market from increased risk for MI/stroke
217
lipase inhibitors
first and only non-stimulant weight loss drugs; causes greasy poop though b/c fat is not broken down and therefore cannot be absorbed so it remains in feces
218
Xenical
orlistat; Rx lipase inhibitor used for weight loss
219
Alli
lower dose version of Xenical (orlistat); a lipase inhibitor for weight loss; OTC
220
glycerin suppositories
draws water into bowel for constipation
221
medical marijuana
legal in some states to treat n/v and weight loss associated with cancer and AIDS
222
Cortenema
hydrocortisone; corticosteroid given by enema as a potent anti-inflammatory in cases of severe Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
