Module 15: Endocrine Emergencies

Question 1

Glands secrete hormones in response to ___

Answer 1

stimuli

Question 2

Insulin’s function is to help glucose…

Answer 2

Move into the cell

Question 3

If glucose cannot enter cell, the body will begin to break down ___ as an energy source

Answer 3

fat

Question 4

Type 1 diabetes is most characterized by

Answer 4

the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin.

Question 5

Type 2 diabetes is most characterized by

Answer 5

a lack of insulin, or a normal amount that does not function properly

Question 6

If a type 1 diabetic eats a dozen donuts and does not take insulin, where does the glucose from the donuts remain? Is he hyper or hypoglycemic?

Answer 6

In the blood, hyperglycemic

Question 7

What are the three Ps?

Answer 7

Polyuria (frequent urination), Polydipsia (increased thirst), Polyphagia (excessive eating)

Question 8

The consequence of fat breaking down rather than glucose, ___ occurs.

Answer 8

ketoacidosis

Question 9

Name the different signs between hypo and hyperglycemia (onset, skin, respiration)

Answer 9

Hypo:
shorter onset
Cool, clammy skin

Hyper:
Longer onset
Acidosis
Dehydration
Warm, dry skin
Kussmaul respirations

Question 10

Hyperglycemia will lead to ___ and ___

Answer 10

diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)

Question 11

What is DKA?

Answer 11

Usually in type 1s
Fat broken down rather than glucose, releasing acid as byproduct
pH of blood shifts down
Kussmaul respirations

Question 12

What is HHS?

Answer 12

Body is producing some insulin, so it does not burn fat for energy

Body tries to rid excess sugar in the urine, results in dehydration