Exam 4 Extra Practice: Shock and Resuscitation Flashcards
Name the conditions associated with obstructive shock
Tension pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade
Name the conditions associated with cardiogenic shock
MI
Name the conditions associated with distributive shock
SNAP:
Sepsis
Neurogenic
Anaphylaxis
Psychogenic
Name the conditions associated with hypovolemic shock
non/hemorrhagic shock
Describe Beck’s triad and what condition it is associated with
cardiac tamponade
JVD
Narrowing pulse presssure
Muffled heart tones
What is edema and what kind of shock is it associated with?
Edema is the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between the cells.
It is associated with cardiogenic and anaphylactic shock
What are the signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax?
Cyanosis
Tracheal deviation
Unilateral chest rise during ventilation
What lung sounds are associated with cardiogenic shock?
crackles/rales
What are the signs and symptoms of sepsis?
Warm skin/fever
Tachycardia
Low BP
What are the signs and symptoms of neurogenic shock?
bradycardia
low blood pressure
signs of neck injury
absence of sweating below the level of injury
warm, normal skin (The ONLY type of shock with this symptom)
Name some signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis
Two or more body systems in distress if first time, only one body system if there has been a reaction before
mild itching/rash
burning skin
vascular dilation, bronchioconstriction, capillary leakage
Generalized edema
Coma
What are the signs and symptoms of psychogenic shock?
Rapid pulse
Normal or low BP
What are the signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock?
rapid, weak pulse
low BP
AMS
Cyanosis
Cool, clammy skin
Tachypnea
What is syncope? What type of shock is it associated with?
Fainting, psychogenic shock
What is the difference between hemorrhagic and non hemorrhagic shock?
Hemorrhagic is associated w bleeding, non hemorrhagic is non-blood fluids
Name some symptoms of decompensated shock
<90 SBP
Mottled, cyanotic, or ashen skin
AMS
Labored/irregular breathing
Thready/absent peripheral pulses
Dull eyes/dilated pupils
poor urinary output
Feeling of impending doom
Name some symptoms of compensated shock
> 90 SBP
Agitation
Anxiety
Feeling of impending doom
pale, cool, moist skin
Pallor, cyanosis about lips
Shallow, rapid breathing
Nausea or vomiting
Capilary refill >2 seconds in infants
Thirst
When should you give pts in cardiogenic shock nitroglycerin?
Never
What is the best indicator for overall condition in a patient?
Mental Status
What is the formula to determine normal SBP in a child 3-10?
70 + (2 x age)
Which intervention or interventions would have the MOST positive impact on the cardiac arrest patient’s outcome?
A. Advanced airway management
B. Early CPR and defibrillation
C. IV fluid administration
D. Cardiac medication
B Early CPR and defibrillation
The AED gives a “no shock” message to a patient who is in cardiac arrest. You should:
A. resume chest compressions.
B. check for a carotid pulse.
C. reanalyze the cardiac rhythm.
D. deliver two rescue breaths
A resume chest compressions
What is the maximum amount of time that should be spent checking for spontaneous breathing in an unresponsive child?
A. 5 seconds
B. 10 seconds
C. 15 seconds
D. 20 seconds
B 10 seconds
When performing CPR on an adult, you should compress the chest to a depth of at a rate of
compressions per minute.
A. 1 inch to 1.4 inches (2.5 cm to 3.5 cm); 80 to 100
B. 2 inches to 2.4 inches (5 cm to 6 cm); 80 to 100
C. 1 inch to 1.4 inches (2.5 cm to 3.5 cm); 100 to 120
D. 2 inches to 2.4 inches (5 cm to 6 cm); 100 to 120
D 2-2.4; 100 to 120
What is the proper compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult two-rescuer CPR?
30:2
What is the preferred method of removing a foreign body in an unresponsive child?
A. Back blows
B. Abdominal thrusts
C. Chest compressions
D. Manual removal
C chest compressions
If a pt is unresponsive and has no pulse, what is the first thing an EMT should do?
Start CPR
Describe the rate of BVM for adults vs Children in respiratory arrest
adult: squeeze every 5-6 seconds
child: squeeze every 2-3 seconds
What is ROSC?
Return or Spontaneous Circulation
When should you insert a basic airway adjunct for a pt in cardiac arrest?
After first analyzation from AED. Then, hook BVM to O2
What is the ratio for pediatric two rescuer CPR?
15 compressions: 2 breaths
What is the ratio for pediatric one rescuer CPR?
30 compressions: 2 breaths
Where should you place adult AED pads on a pediatric pt?
Anterior and posterior
What are the shockable and non shockable rhythms?
Shockable: V-Fib, pulseless V-Tach
Non-shockable: Asystole
What are the six links in the chain of survival?
- Recognition and activation of emergency response
- Immediate, high-quality CPR
- Rapid defibrillation
- BLS and ALS
- Advanced life support and post arrest care
- Recovery
Gastric distention occurs most frequently in___
children
During one rescuer CPR, airway opening should take place…
After the first thirty compressions
Ventilation should last for
one second each
If pt is a child, hwo long should you perform CPR before calling for help, assuming it is one rescuer? What if the pt is an adult?
Child: do two minutes of compressions, then call
Adult: Call for help immediately
Children consume oxygen ___x more than adults
2-3
Compare hand position for infant two rescuer vs one rescuer CPR
One rescuer: 2 fingies, ratio of 30:2
Two rescuer: thumbs around sternum, 15:2
Compare compression depth for infant to children
infants: 1.5
children: 2 in
For pregnant pts in cardiac arrest, what should be done before compressions begin?
Manual left displacement of the uterus
