Exam 2 Additional Practice: Pharmacology and Airway Flashcards
A 59-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure is suddenly awakened in the middle of the night with the feeling that he is
smothering. When you arrive at the scene, you find him lying in bed with his head propped up by three pillows. He is conscious and alert but is
experiencing obvious respiratory distress. His skin is pale and diaphoretic
Which of the following should be your MOST immediate action?
A. Auscultate his lung sounds.
B. Assess his oxygen saturation.
C. Position him so that he is sitting up.
D. Apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mas
C. Position him so that he is sitting up.
The patient’s blood pressure is 170/90 mm Hg, pulse is 110 beats/min, respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min and labored, and
oxygen saturation is 75%. Auscultation of his lung sounds reveals coarse crackles bilaterally. What should you do?
A. Ventilate him with a bag-mask device.
B. Begin treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
C. Position him supine and transport.
D. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula
B. Begin treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
Which of the following is a sign of inadequate ventilation?
A. Shallow chest rise during inhalation
B. Oxygen saturation of 98% or less
C. Respiratory rate of 20 breaths/min
D. Frequent coughing with phlegm production
A. Shallow chest rise during inhalation
In which of the following situations is CPAP therapy contraindicated?
A. Agonal respirations
B. Acute bronchospasm
C. Congestive heart failure
D. Oxygen saturation less than 85%
A. Agonal respirations, because they’re not real breaths and the pt is no longer breathing on their own
Prior to applying the CPAP device, you must ensure that:
A. the patient has shallow respirations.
B. the patient can follow verbal commands.
C. the patient’s breath sounds are clear to auscultation.
D. the patient’s heart rate is no greater than 110 beats/min
B. the patient can follow verbal commands.
Your patient, who has congestive heart failure, is experiencing a ventilation/perfusion mismatch because:
A. the bronchioles in his lungs are severely constricted.
B. a large proportion of his alveoli are totally collapsed.
C. blood return to the right side of the heart is reduced.
D. oxygen is unable to diffuse into and out of the alveoli
D. oxygen is unable to diffuse into and out of the alveoli
Which of the following is a potential cause of an inaccurate pulse oximetry reading?
A. Hypertension
B. Warm temperature
C. Severe anemia
D. Chronic kidney disease
C. Severe anemia
An end-tidal carbon dioxide reading of 70 mm Hg indicates that:
A. the patient is breathing too rapidly.
B. the patient is breathing too deeply.
C. the patient is breathing too slowly.
D. no co2 is being made in the cells.
C. the patient is breathing too slowly.
During treatment of your patient with CPAP, you note that he is becoming cyanotic. He appears tired and is not answering your
questions. His oxygen saturation is 72%. What should you do?
A. Increase the CPAP pressure by 10 cm H2O.
B. Begin ventilation with a bag-mask device.
C. Call for a paramedic to perform intubation.
D. Insert an oropharyngeal airway
B. Begin ventilation with a bag-mask device
Recalling how your patient presented (respiratory distress and hypoxemia), the primary origin of his problem was failure of:
A. the airway.
B. ventilation.
C. oxygenation.
D. perfusion
B. ventilation.
The patient tells you he takes glimepiride. This name is an example of a(n):
A. trade name.
B. generic name.
C. chemical name.
D. official name
B. generic name
The patient was prescribed alprazolam (Xanax) for his anxiety. In this case, anxiety would be considered a(n):
A. indication.
B. contraindication.
C. adverse effect.
D. intended effec
A. indication.
The unintended effects that occur after the patient takes his medications are called:
A. indications.
B. contraindications.
C. adverse effects.
D. therapeutic effects.
C. adverse effects.
What information should you include on your PCR related to the patient’s medications?
A. Document the medication names and dosages.
B. Document the medication names and expiration dates.
C. The trade name and the generic name of each medication.
D. Do not document the medication names; these will be determined at the hospital.
A. Document the medication names and dosages.
Which of the following is an advantage of MDI drug administration over SVN drug administration?
A. The MDI route does not require an external oxygen source.
B. The patient does not need to be conscious for MDI drug administration.
C. MDI medications have no adverse effects.
D. MDI medications do not expire
A. The MDI route does not require an external oxygen source.
