Module 11: respiratory emergencies Flashcards
Inhaled air contains __% oxygen and exhaled oxygen air ____% oxygen
21, 16
How much oxygen does the body use?
5%
What would happen in the right side of the heart failed and can no longer effectively pump blood?
Fluid buildup, also known as edema
What would happen in the left side of the heart failed and can no longer effectively pump blood?
Fluid would begin to accumulate in the alveoli, also known as acute pulmonary edema, or APE
What disease is APE usually the result of? What sort of lung sounds can be heard?
congestive heart failure
Crackles (RALES)
Name the two disease components of COPD and the impact of this disease
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema
Impact is dilation/disruption of bronchioles and alveoli
What is emphysema?
loss of elasticity around air spaces
causes include inflamed airways, smoking
type of COPD
When a patient experiences a worsening of their chronic condition, it is called
exacerbation
What is asthma?
acute spasm of smaller air passages (bronchioconstriction and vasodilation)
Albuterol may be used any time the pt is experiencing ___ causing ___
dyspnea, bronchoconstriction
Can epinephrine be used during a critical asthma attack?
Yes, if OLMC is contacted
What is a hemothorax?
when blood enters the pleural space
What is a pleural effusion?
When other fluids enter pleural space (NOT blood)
What is the most common cause of a pulmonary embolism?
blood clot in the legs
What are the symptoms of pulmonary embolism?
SOB, increased work breathing, and signs of hypoxia like low SpO2 levels despite administering oxygen
Name the symptoms of CO poisoning?
headaches and nausea, LOC, seizures, and coma
Are pulse oximeters helpful when determing CO poisoning?
No, they cannot differentiate between O2 and CO
What is respiratory splinting?
Pain to pt, with SOB after a broken rib
When three or more ribs are broken, it is called__ and results in
a flail segment, a paradoxical movement of chest wall
Name what should be looked for during the physical exam for patients experiencing respiratory distress
conjunctiva, cyanosis, jugular vein distention, tracheal deviation, ascites, pedal edema, and clubbing
What patients benefit from humidifed oxygen?
burn pts, and pediatric pts
What position might children assume when experiencing respiratory distress?
sniffing position
What sounds does croup produce? What sort of swelling does it create?
stridor (NOT wheezing) pharyngeal
How might croup be treated?
Humidified oxygen