Module 1: Communicable Diseases

Question 1

What are the five pathogens of communicable diseases?

Answer 1

VBFPP
1. Viral
2. Bacterial
3. Fungal
4. Parasitic
5. Protozoa

Question 2

Compare direct vs indirect contact

Answer 2

Direct typically skin to skin, intercourse, kissing, or bodily fluids
Indirect typically through inanimate object

Question 3

Give examples of foodborne transmission of a disease

Answer 3

e.coli, noro virus, hepatitis A, salmonella

Question 4

Give examples of vector borne disease

Answer 4

Insects or organisms
lime disease, malaria, west nile, zike

Question 5

Compare airborne vs droplet transmissions

Answer 5

dropLets are Less transmissible because they are heavier (think social distances)
airborne diseases are lighter and will float through air (ex. measles)

Question 6

How does the CDC offer standard precautions to EMS?

Answer 6

Internal training like N95 fit testing and wearing/exposing of PPE

Question 7

What is the ryan white CARE act?

Answer 7

White contracted AIDS due to blood transfusion
1990, act was passed which gives right to know if EMS personnel was exposed to communicable diseases
designated infection control officer guides personnel who may have been exposed

Question 8

What is cleaning vs disinfecting

Answer 8

Removable of visible contaminants
disinfecting uses cleaning pathogenic agent with chemical

Question 9

What is unique about high level disinfecting vs sterilization?

Answer 9

Disinfecting uses a more potent disinfectant
Sterilization removes all microbial agents

Question 10

Describe the process of sterilization

Answer 10

strip linens, discard disposable equipment
bio hazardous red bags should have bodily fluids
disinfect all equipment with 1:100 bleach solution (1/4 cup with gallon of water)

Question 11

What is the most common PPE? Describe how it should be used

Answer 11

gloves, which should be changed between patients
More heavy duty gloves should be used when cleaning ambulance

Question 12

Describe proocess of donning PPE

Answer 12

1. Check the required PPE
2. Pull back hair, minimize jewelry, and clean hands
3. Gown: close back of neck and tie waist
4. Place mask strap on top of head, then bottom. Mold nose strip
5. Perform seal check by performing deep breaths
6. Put on shield
7. Gloves over gown with no skin exposed

Question 13

Define process of doffing PPE

Answer 13

Glove, gown, hands, shield, mask, hands
1. Glove up and away, ensure no skin contact
2. Second glove, pull over and dispose
3. Pull gown out and away from you, roll into ball
4. HAND HYGIENE
5. Shield pulled away from you
6. remove mask without touching exterior
7. Hand hygiene

Question 14

When should a surgical mask be worn vs particulate respirator

Answer 14

When expectation of spatter, or bodily fluids, wear surgical mask for EMTs or patient with possible airborne/droplet disease
particulate respirator worn only by EMTs when possibility of airborne transmission, or when droplet disease airosolized (think ventilation) NEVER WORN BY PATIENT

Question 15

Compare BVM with HEPA filter v Breath actuated nebulizer

Answer 15

airborne disease or aerosolized droplet
BVM w HEPA: filters out expired air
Nebulizer: air drawn into patient, but when they breath out it filters

Question 16

What is the agency infection control plan?

Answer 16

1. determine exposure risk
2. education and training
3. vaccination programs
4. designated I.C. officer

Question 17

What actions should be taken if exposure happens?

Answer 17

1. turn patient care over to other provider
2. clean and dilute the area
3. activate infection control procedure
4. get screened and treatment
5. document

Question 18

A 22-year-year old male has cut an artery with a knife. The minimum PPE required for this call would be: - Select all that apply

Question 19

A n95 respirator should be used placed on which of the following patients:
1. covid
2. influenza
3. common cold
4. none of the above

Answer 19

none of the above

Question 20

EMT and Paramedics are responsible for:
cleaning
sterilization
high-level disinfecting
disinfecting

Question 21

There is a news report about an emerging new disease out of somewhere in South America. The news reporter says that it is carried and transmitted to humans through mosquitos. This type of disease is transmitted through:
1. indirect contact
2. food
3. direct contact
4. vector

Answer 21

vector

Question 22

A 30 year old male patient called 911 because he has been feeling weak over the past couple days. He futher tells you that he has been coughing up blood and has a fever. You should:

Answer 22

place a surgical mask on the patient and an n95 on yourself

Question 23

Droplet borne transmissions can be aerosolized through what procedures:
1. assessing a blood pressure
2. nebulization of medications
3. oxygen administration
4. CPR

Answer 23

2. nebulization of medications
3. oxygen administration
4. CPR

Question 24

TorF: In the doffing procedure gloves should always be removed last

Answer 24

FALSE

Question 25

A pathogen is a
1. fungi
2. bacteria
3. virus
4. leukocyte

Answer 25

1-3

Question 26

If you feel like you have been exposed to a infectious or communicable disease you should:

Answer 26

activate your infection control plan

Question 27

An EMT is cleaning a stair-chair without gloves and contracts influenza. This would be an example of what kind of transmission?

Answer 27

Indirect contact transmission