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Biology- Mya > Module #14 Test > Flashcards

Module #14 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Exoskeleton

A

A body covering, typically made of chitin, that provides support and protection

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2
Q

Molt

A

To shed an old outer covering so that it can be replaced with a new one

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3
Q

Thorax

A

The body region between the head and the abdomen

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4
Q

Abdomen

A

The body region posterior to the thorax

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5
Q

Cephalothorax

A

A body region composed of the head and thorax fused together

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6
Q

Compound eye

A

An eye made of many lenses, each with a very limited scope

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7
Q

Simple eye

A

An eye with only one lens

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8
Q

Statocyst

A

The organ of balance in a crustacean

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9
Q

Gonad

A

A general term for the organ that produces gametes

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10
Q

Complete metamorphosis

A

Insect development consisting of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult

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11
Q

Incomplete

A

Insect development consisting of three stages: egg, nymph, and adult

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12
Q

What are the five common characteristics among the arthropods?

A

1: Exoskeleton

#2: Body segmentation
#3: Jointed appendages
#4: Open circulatory system
#5: Ventral nervous system

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13
Q

What is A?

A

Antennae

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14
Q

What is B?

A

Antennules

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15
Q

What is C?

A

Cephalothorax

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16
Q

What is D?

A

Abdomen

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17
Q

What is E?

A

Telson

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18
Q

What is F?

A

Uropods

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19
Q

What is G?

A

Swimmerets

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20
Q

What is H?

A

Carapace

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21
Q

What is I?

A

Walking legs

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22
Q

What is J?

A

Chelipeds

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23
Q

What is A?

A

Eye

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24
Q

What is B?

A

Brain ganglia

25
Q

What is C?

A

Stomach

26
Q

What is D?

A

Gonad

27
Q

What is E?

A

Heart

28
Q

What is F?

A

Pericardial sinus

29
Q

What is G?

A

Intestine

30
Q

What is H?

A

Anus

31
Q

What is I?

A

Nerve cord

32
Q

What is J?

A

Digestive glands

33
Q

What is K?

A

Sternal sinus

34
Q

What is L?

A

Mouth

35
Q

What is M?

A

Esophagus

36
Q

What is N?

A

Green gland

37
Q

Read (and try to remember) the flow of blood in a crayfish, starting from the pericardial sinus

A

Blood collects in the pericardial sinus, and it enters the heart through one of three openings in the heart’s surface. Each opening has a valve that closes when the heart is ready to pump. Once it absorbs the blood and closes these valves, the heart pumps blood through a series of blood vessels that are open at the end. These vessels dump directly into various body cavities. Gravity causes the blood to fall into the sternal sinus, where it is collected by blood vessels that are open at one end. Unlike the blood vessels that dump the blood into the body cavities, these vessels carry the blood back towards the pericardial sinus. On its way there, the blood is passed through the gills where it can release the carbon dioxide it has collected and pick up a fresh supply of oxygen. The blood also passes through green glands, which clean it of impurities and dump those impurities back into the surroundings. Once the blood has passed through the gills and the green glands, it then makes its way back to the pericardial sinus to begin the trip all over again

38
Q

What purpose does the green glad serve?

A

It cleans the blood of impurities

39
Q

What structures (besides the gills and gill chamber) are vitally important for respiration in a crayfish?

A

The swimmerets and maxillae are important. Without them, fresh, oxygen-rich water would not enter the gill chambers.

40
Q

What happens when a crayfish loses a limb?

A

The injury gets sealed off to prevent bleeding, and then a new limb regenerates.

41
Q

Where do the fertilized eggs of a crayfish go?

A

They are attached to the swimmerets

42
Q

Why do arthropods molt?

A

They molt because their exoskeletons get too small for their growing bodies.

43
Q

What two appendages are responsible for taste and touch in a crayfish?

A

The antennules and antennae are responsible for taste and touch

44
Q

What five characteristics set arachnids apart from the other arthropods?

A

1: Four pairs of walking legs

#2: Two segments in body
#3: No antennae
#4: Book lungs
#5: Four pairs of simple eyes

45
Q

What are the three basic types of webs that spiders spin?

A

1: Sheet web (a single, flat sheet of sticky silk)

#2: Tangle webs (no real discernible pattern)
#3: Orb webs (concentric circles of sticky silk that are supported by “spokes”of non-sticky silk)

46
Q

Do all spiders use their silk to spin webs?

A

No, some spiders spin silk to make trap doors, and some even fire their silk like a projectile

47
Q

Why are the spider’s lungs called book lung?

A

The lung has many thin layers that look like the pages of a book

48
Q

What four characteristics set insects apart from the other arthropods?

A

1: Three pairs of walking (or jumping) legs

#2: Wings
#3: Three segments in body
#4: One pair of antennae

49
Q

Why don’t insects have respiratory systems?

A

Insects do not need respiratory systems because of a complex network of tracheas that allow air to travel throughout the body

50
Q

If an insect goes through a pupa stage, does it perform complete metamorphosis or incomplete metamorphosis?

A

The pupa stage only exists in complete metamorphosis

51
Q

What four types of wings exist among insects?

A

1: Membranous wings

#2: Scaled wings
#3: Leather-like wings
#4: Horny wings

52
Q

Description of Insect:
Insects with two leather-like wings and two membranous wings

A

Orthoptera (includes grasshoppers and crickets)

53
Q

Description of Insect:
Social insects with membranous wings

A

Hymenoptera (includes ants, bees, and wasp)

54
Q

Description of Insect:
Insects with two membranous wings and two membranous balancers?

A

Diptera (includes flies, gnats, and mosquitoes)

55
Q

Description of Insect:
Insects with two horny wings and two membranous wings

A

Coleoptera (includes beetles)

56
Q

Description of Insect:
Insects with scaled wings

A

Lepidoptera (includes butterflies and moths)

57
Q

The tube-shaped suction feet visible in the photo are part of what system?

A

The photo shows the external parts of the water vascular system

58
Q

What are some functions of this system?

A

The water vascular system functions in respiration, circulation, locomotion, and feeding

Biology- Mya (18 decks)

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