Mod 9 Cooper Chapter 8

Question 1

Which design entails repeated measures of behavior in a given setting during three contiguous phases of an experiment?

changing criterion
multiple baseline
alternating treatments
reversal

Answer 1

reversal

Question 2

In a reversal design, the second A phase is where one looks for:

prediction
replication
control
verification

Answer 2

verification

Question 3

A-B-A-B-A-B-etc. is the notation system for which reversal design?

noncontingent reinforcement
repeated reversals
multiple treatment reversal
DRO

Answer 3

repeated reversals

Question 4

The B-A-B design is appropriately used when:

It would be unethical to withhold an effective intervention.
Behavioral irreversibility is suspected or apparent.
Target behaviors result in physical harm to the subject or others.
The reintroduction of a treatment would not produce initial behavioral levels.

Answer 4

It would be unethical to withhold an effective intervention.

Target behaviors result in physical harm to the subject or others.

Question 5

A-B-A-B-BC-B-BC is an example of which reversal design?

noncontingent reinforcement
multiple treatment reversal
DRO
repeated reversals

Answer 5

multiple treatment reversal

Question 6

The effects on a subject’s behavior in a given condition that are influenced by the subject’s experience with a prior condition is called:

DRO reversal
noncontingent reinforcement reversal
multiple treatment effects
sequence effects

Answer 6

sequence effects

Question 7

Which reversal design could be used to control for the effects of increased teacher attention versus the contingent application of teacher attention?

DRI reversal
B-A-B reversal design
noncontingent reinforcement reversal
repeated reversals

Answer 7

noncontingent reinforcement reversal

Question 8

Which of the following is/are weakness(es) of the noncontingent reinforcement reversal technique?

NCR may inadvertently function as a reinforcer for inappropriate behavior.
NCR may result in accidentally extinguishing the behavior.
NCR may result in accidental reinforcement of the target behavior.
NCR may inadvertently function as an intermittent schedule of reinforcement for the target behavior.

Answer 8

NCR may inadvertently function as an intermittent schedule of reinforcement for the target behavior.

NCR may result in accidental reinforcement of the target behavior.

Question 9

Which of the following designs could be used to ensure that reinforcement does not immediately follow the target behavior?

DRI reversal design
B-A-B reversal design
alternating treatments design
comparison design

Answer 9

DRI reversal design

Question 10

Which of the following must be considered when determining if a reversal is an appropriate design?

whether the experimenter has the time and patience to withdraw the intervention
the irreversibility of the behavior
whether it is socially acceptable to withdraw the intervention
whether it is ethical to withdraw the intervention

Answer 10

the irreversibility of the behavior

whether it is socially acceptable to withdraw the intervention

whether it is ethical to withdraw the intervention

Question 11

When the level of behavior observed in an earlier phase cannot be reproduced even though the experimental conditions are arranged exactly as they were in the earlier phase, this is called:

irreproducibility
durability
stability
irreversibility

Answer 11

irreversibility

Question 12

Which design is characterized by the rapid alternation of two or more distinct treatments?

multiple baseline
reversal
multiple treatments
alternating treatments

Answer 12

alternating treatments

Question 13

In an alternating treatments design, each successive data point provides which of the following?

verification
control
replication
prediction

Answer 13

verification
replication
prediction

Question 14

In order to reflect the proper time sequence in an alternating treatments design in which multiple treatments are introduced each day, the horizontal axis should be labeled:

time
sessions
minutes
days

Answer 14

sessions

Question 15

What is used to determine the presence and degree of experimental control with an alternating treatments design?
objective verification
statistical analysis
computer program
visual inspection

Answer 15

visual inspection

Question 16

Ways to implement the alternating treatments design include which of the following?

with a final phase using the most effective treatment
alternating treatment with baseline
without an initial baseline
with an initial baseline

Answer 16

all of the above

Question 17

Advantages of the alternating treatments design include which of the following?

does not require treatment withdrawal
allows intervention to begin immediately
steady state responding is achieved in each treatment
minimizes sequence effects

Answer 17

does not require treatment withdrawal

allows intervention to begin immediately

minimizes sequence effects

Question 18

Which is NOT a disadvantage when determining the appropriateness of an alternating treatments design?

sequence effects
multiple treatment interference
selection of treatments
artificial nature of rapidly alternating treatments

Answer 18

sequence effects

Question 19

In an alternating treatments design, experimental manipulations are made:

only after stability of the dependent variable is achieved
when a discriminative stimulus associated with the treatment controls the behavior
regardless of the level of behavior
on alternating days, sessions, or times, to counterbalance order effects

Answer 19

regardless of the level of behavior

Question 20

The general term for the confounding of effects observed under one variable caused by the presence of other treatment variables is:

sequence effects
multiple treatment interference
statistical regression
stimulus generalization

Answer 20

multiple treatment interference

Question 21

In most instances, the maximum number of conditions that can be effectively compared using an alternating treatments design is

4
6
3
2

Answer 21

4