Mod 10 CHH 9 Flashcards
The most widely used tactic for experimental design in applied behavior analysis is the:
changing criterion design
reversal design
alternating treatments design
multiple baseline design
multiple baseline design
Which experimental design involves the sequential application of an independent variable across two or more different behaviors?
multiple baseline
alternating treatments
reversal
changing criterion
multiple baseline
In which multiple baseline design are two or more responses of a single individual (or group) targeted?
across settings
across behaviors
across schedules of reinforcement
across subjects
across behaviors
Which design applies the independent variable in a second setting after stable responding is achieved?
multiple baseline
alternating treatments
changing criterion
reversal
multiple baseline
In which multiple baseline design is a single behavior of an individual targeted in two or more conditions?
across settings
across subjects
across behaviors
across schedules of reinforcement
across settings
In which multiple baseline design is one target behavior selected for two or more individuals in the same setting?
across settings
across behaviors
across schedules of reinforcement
across subjects
across subjects
A multiple baseline design might be used instead of a reversal design in which of the following circumstances?
-it is unethical or undesirable to withdraw the treatment
-terminating the treatment does not reestablish conditions that existed prior to treatment
-the target behavior is likely to be irreversible
-when there are multiple subjects involved in the study
-it is unethical or undesirable to withdraw the treatment
-terminating the treatment does not reestablish conditions that existed prior to treatment
-the target behavior is likely to be irreversible
In a multiple baseline design, verification of a predicted level of responding for one behavior is obtained:
-if little or no change is observed in the data paths of the the behaviors that are still exposed to the conditions under which the prediction was made
-all the behaviors show significant change
-if the behavior returns to baseline levels when the intervention is removed
-if a significant change is observed in the data paths of the the behaviors that are still exposed to the conditions under which the prediction was made
-if little or no change is observed in the data paths of the the behaviors that are still exposed to the conditions under which the prediction was made
A multiple baseline design is _____ [Stronger or Weaker] than a reversal design for revealing functional relations between the independent variable and the target behavior.
weaker
The multiple baseline is a true single-case design.
True
False
False
In which design do intermittent measurements serve as the basis for determining whether or not behavior change has occurred prior to intervention?
multiple probe
multiple baseline
delayed multiple baseline
alternating treatments
multiple probe
The multiple probe design can be useful when extended baseline measurement may prove too:
costly
reactive
variable
unreliable
costly
reactive
Situations in which the delayed multiple baseline design can prove useful include:
limited resources preclude a full-scale multiple baseline
additional subjects displaying the same behavior become available
a reversal design is no longer possible
a NEW behavior becomes available
all of the above
Limitations of the delayed multiple baseline design include:
-fewer baseline data points in later tiers
-it can be used where other experimental tactics could not be implemented
-it can require a lengthy wait before intervention
-it may mask the interdependence of the dependent variables
-fewer baseline data points in later tiers
-it can require a lengthy wait before intervention
-it may mask the interdependence of the dependent variables
Which of the following is the weakest design?
multiple probe design
reversal design
multiple baseline across subjects design
nonconcurrent multiple baseline design
nonconcurrent multiple baseline design
Procedural guidelines for using a multiple baseline design include:
intervene on the most stable baseline first
do not apply the independent variable too soon
alternate independent variables across baselines
select independent yet functionally similar baselines
intervene on the most stable baseline first
do not apply the independent variable too soon
select independent yet functionally similar baselines
The MOST important advantage of the multiple baseline design is that it:
provides more information about the effectiveness of the independent variable
does not require a reversal
is a more powerful method than the reversal for demonstrating experimental control
is easy to implement for teachers and parents
does not require a reversal
Which is a limitation of the multiple baseline design?
it may result in multiple treatment interference
it requires a reversal
it may impede optimal learning rates
it provides more information about the intervention than about the target behavior
it provides more information about the intervention than about the target behavior
Which design can be used to evaluate the effects of a treatment as it is applied to a single target behavior in a stepwise fashion?
alternating treatments
multiple baseline
reversal
changing criterion
changing criterion
How do prediction and replication operate in the changing criterion design?
The intervention is repeated across each behavior until they have all meet the criterion.
Replication occurs each time the level of behavior changes in a systematic way when the criterion changes.
The baseline allows for prediction of the changes in the intervention condition.
When stable responding is attained within a phase of the design, a prediction of future responding is made.
Replication occurs each time the level of behavior changes in a systematic way when the criterion changes.
When stable responding is attained within a phase of the design, a prediction of future responding is made.
Which is NOT a design factor to consider when implementing a changing criterion design?
number of criterion changes
magnitude of intervention
length of phases
magnitude of criterion changes
magnitude of intervention
Limitations of the changing criterion design include:
It may not allow for a sufficient number of changes in criterion.
It may not allow students to progress as efficiently as possible.
It can only be used with behaviors already in the repertoire.
It does not include a baseline to measure treatment effects.
It may not allow students to progress as efficiently as possible.
It can only be used with behaviors already in the repertoire.
The design most appropriate for analyzing the effects of a shaping program is the:
changing criterion design
multiple probe design
reversal design
multiple baseline design
multiple probe design
Which design involves an improved level of performance in each phase?
changing criterion
reversal
alternating treatments
multiple baseline
changing criterion
