Mod 11 Single-Case Designs (Dallery & Raiff)

Question 1

Single-Case Designs (SCDs) typically include which of the following?

only one participant who experiences multiple conditions
repeated, frequent assessment of behavior
experimental manipulation of the independent variable(s)
replication of effects within and across participants

Answer 1

repeated, frequent assessment of behavior
experimental manipulation of the independent variable(s)
replication of effects within and across participants

Question 2

Which of the following are common misconceptions about SCDs, that may limit their use?

SCDs are quasi-experimental designs.
SCDs only have one participant per study.
SCDs require many people to implement because so much data is collected.
SCDs are limited to interventions that produce large, immediate changes in behavior.

Answer 2

SCDs are quasi-experimental designs.
SCDs only have one participant per study.
SCDs are limited to interventions that produce large, immediate changes in behavior.

Question 3

Which of the following are quality indicators for SCDs?
Includes a baseline condition that is precisely described.
Independent and dependent variables precisely described.
Dependent variables precisely measured over time.
Provides at least three demonstrations of the experimental effect over time.

Answer 3

all of the above

Question 4

Using only two conditions in an SCD, such as an AB design, is not considered sufficient to demonstrate experimental control.

True
False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

A reversal design must contain at least ________ conditions.

Answer 5

3

Question 6

Which of the following questions are used to analyze data from SCDs?

Are the results clinically meaningful and socially valid?
Is there a reliable effect of the intervention?
Were at least two participants involved?
What is the magnitude of the effect from the intervention?

Answer 6

Are the results clinically meaningful and socially valid?
Is there a reliable effect of the intervention?
What is the magnitude of the effect from the intervention?

Question 7

Which of the following are outcome measures that should be evaluated when conducting visual-analysis of SCDs?

acceleration
overlap
variability
consistency of data patterns
bounce
trend
level
immediacy of the effect

Answer 7

overlap
variability
consistency of data patterns
trend
level
immediacy of the effect

Question 8

Which of the following are true about parametric analyses?

They aim to identify the optimal value that produces a behavioral outcome.
They aim to identify general patterns of behavior engendered by a range of values of the independent variable.
They expose participants to a range of values of the independent variable.
Three or more values of the independent variable must be evaluated.

Answer 8

all of the above

Question 9

Parametric analyses provide insight into which of the following?

The optimal time for the consumption of a given drug.
The effects that may be missed using a standard group design with only one or two values of the independent variable.
The minimum duration of treatment to detect an effect.
The optimal dosage amount for a given individual.

Answer 9

The effects that may be missed using a standard group design with only one or two values of the independent variable.
The minimum duration of treatment to detect an effect.
The optimal dosage amount for a given individual.

Question 10

Which of the following are examples of how behavioral health interventions can be susceptible to parametric analyses?

physical activities at different frequencies and intensities
incentives delivered with different frequencies or magnitudes
different frequencies of delivering text-based prompts
positive or negative reinforcement for healthy eating

Answer 10

physical activities at different frequencies and intensities
incentives delivered with different frequencies or magnitudes
different frequencies of delivering text-based prompts

Question 11

Which of the following describe a component analysis?

They determine the necessary and sufficient aspects of an intervention.
They expose participants to a range of values of the independent variable.
They identify the active elements of a treatment package.
The determine the relative contributions of different variables in a treatment package.

Answer 11

They determine the necessary and sufficient aspects of an intervention.
They identify the active elements of a treatment package.
The determine the relative contributions of different variables in a treatment package.

Question 12

If the effects of individual components are independent of each other, the effects of the components are considered ____.

Answer 12

additive

Question 13

If the effects of one component depend on the presence of another component, the effects are considered ______.

Answer 13

multiplicative

Question 14

_________replication means conducting the same experiment on the same behavioral problem across several individuals.

Answer 14

direct

Question 15

___________ replication means using the methods from a previous study in a new setting, target behavior, group of participants, etc.

Answer 15

systematic

Question 16

Scientific generality refers to:

knowledge of the factors that are required for a phenomenon to occur
a significant statistical outcome
knowledgeable reproducibility
identifying the cause of a behavior

Answer 16

knowledge of the factors that are required for a phenomenon to occur

knowledgeable reproducibility

Question 17

SCDs can minimize or eliminate many threats to internal validity.

True
False

Answer 17

True