Mod 10 Practice: ID the Research Design Flashcards
Experimenters interested in conserving resources decided to see if feedback to consumers would affect their electricity consumption. The experimenters had data from the previous year, so they started giving feedback to consumers each month regarding the amount of electricity they had consumed compared to that month during the previous year. After 12 months of providing feedback, the experimenters discontinued feedback and continued collecting data for a third year.
changing criterion design
multiple baseline across behaviors design
A-B-A-B design
A-B-A design
multiple baseline across subjects design
B-A-B design
A-B design (comparison)
alternating treatments design
A-B-A design
A teacher who wanted to use the best teaching procedure to teach a child to spell decided to see whether the method she had been using for other children or a method described in a class she took resulted in faster learning. The teacher made a list of 50 two-syllable words spelled phonetically and did a baseline assessment. She gave the child a 10-word spelling test each day of the week (different words each day) and then repeated these tests the following week. She then selected for teaching 30 words that the child spelled incorrectly on both occasions. She taught 15 words by her usual method and 15 words by the new method. Each day she had two short spelling lessons, one with each list. Some days one list would be taught first and other days, the other list would be taught first.
A-B design (comparison)
A-B-A design
alternating treatments design
multiple baseline across behaviors design
B-A-B design
changing criterion design
multiple baseline across subjects design
A-B-A-B design
alternating treatments design
Dean Daniel Goodenough was an excellent administrator, but he did have one problem. He frequently missed meetings: Deans’ Council meetings, appointments with his Associate Dean, scheduled meetings with various department heads and faculty in his school. When the vice-president heard the complaints, he gave a book on behavioral self-management to Dean G and suggested that he use it to do something about his appointment-keeping. Because Dean G was a scientist, he immediately saw the value of collecting data as the book recommended. After 2 weeks of baseline data, Dean G did an intervention. He bought a Palm Pilot and a wristwatch with a countdown timer. He recorded all appointments in his Palm and set the countdown timer to ring each hour to serve as a cue to check his Palm for appointments in the coming hour. Even after he showed his data to the V.P. and thanked him for the book, the Dean continued using his Palm and his timer.
multiple baseline across subjects design
A-B-A-B design
multiple baseline across behaviors design
B-A-B design
A-B design (comparison)
A-B-A design
alternating treatments design
changing criterion design
A-B design (comparison)
In a hospital for people with serious mental illness, a woman hoarded towels. Whenever she could, she took any towel she saw and put it in her room. The staff kept removing the towels and the woman kept bringing them in. The behavior analyst asked the staff to count the number of towels in her room each morning before they removed them in order to get a baseline measure of how many towels the woman was bringing into her room. Then the behavior analyst implemented a treatment he called “satiation”. The staff were to bring stacks of towels to the woman’s room several times a day and require the woman to keep them in her room. They counted each morning how many towels were in the room. The woman started removing more towels than the staff brought in. The staff were glad they didn’t need to move towels in either direction any longer.
A-B-A design
multiple baseline across subjects design
A-B design (comparison)
changing criterion design
alternating treatments design
B-A-B design
multiple baseline across behaviors design
A-B-A-B design
A-B design (comparison)
A 4-yr-old boy diagnosed as autistic had 20 hrs/week of home training. The trainers worked to change his inappropriate behaviors: screaming, hitting his head, throwing his toys, and refusing to look at the trainers when they worked or played with him. The team leader/supervisor devised an intervention to reduce the frequency of these targets: continue working with this boy regardless of what target he was exhibiting–the boy was not allowed to escape the activity–rather he was prompted hand-over-hand to complete the task he was working on regardless of what else he was doing.
multiple baseline across behaviors design
alternating treatments design
B-A-B design
multiple baseline across subjects design
changing criterion design
A-B-A-B design
A-B-A design
A-B design (comparison)
A-B design (comparison)
Misty, Marianne, and Maude, 14-yr-old triplets watched TV for 5 hours every day after school. Their parents had daily chores for them to do which they completely overlooked. When the parents came home they usually completed the tasks themselves. Finally, the parents sought help from Dr. Blaise Blah, who asked the parents to make a checklist of all the daily chores and take baseline data on how many were completed each day. Then Dr. Blah asked the parents to install a device that allowed only the parents to turn on the TV. The parents made TV available for the girls to watch only on days when they came home and found that all chores had been completed. Eventually the parents began forgetting to turn the TV off before they went to bed each night, so it was available to the girls when they came home from school. The parents noticed that the girls stopped doing the chores.
alternating treatments design
B-A-B design
A-B-A design
multiple baseline across subjects design
multiple baseline across behaviors design
changing criterion design
A-B design (comparison)
A-B-A-B design
A-B-A design
Mr. Ames had 3 children in his 7th grade math classes who seldom completed their math homework. One student was in his 1st period class, one in his 4th period class and one in his 6th period class. He had baseline data on their homework performance for the first 3 weeks of school when he decided to try something he had learned about at the annual conference of the Association for Behavior Analysis. Mr. Ames explained to the 1st period student that she would get a free movie pass any week she completed all her homework with accuracy of at least 80%. He was also available for tutoring. After this contingency was in effect for 2 weeks, Mr. Ames did the same thing with the student in his 4th period class. Then 3 weeks later, Mr. Ames implemented the same procedure with his 6th period student.
multiple baseline across behaviors design
B-A-B design
changing criterion design
A-B-A design
A-B design (comparison)
alternating treatments design
A-B-A-B design
multiple baseline across subjects design
multiple baseline across subjects design
Mrs. Armstrong and 2 teacher aides taught emotionally disturbed children with developmental disabilities. Five-year-old Timothy was transferred to their class because his previous teacher told the principal that his cursing, throwing books and hitting other children were going to give her a nervous breakdown. Mrs. Armstrong and her aides developed a plan of action before Timothy arrived. From Timothy’s first day in Mrs. A’s room, they implemented a 2-min time-out procedure any time Timothy cursed, threw books or hit anyone. After 3 months, one of the two aides quit and at the same time Mrs. Armstrong developed hepatitis and had to remain at home for 2 months’ bedrest. The experienced aide had so much training to do with the substitute teacher and the newly hired aide replacement that no one thought to maintain the timeout contingency for Timothy’s misbehavior. When Mrs. Armstrong returned, she re-instated the time-out contingency.
A-B design (comparison)
multiple baseline across subjects design
multiple baseline across behaviors design
A-B-A design
A-B-A-B design
changing criterion design
alternating treatments design
B-A-B design
B-A-B design
The family-owned widget manufacturing company’s profits were down due to decreasing productivity, which was traced to late arrivals. Analysis of the time card data revealed that 30 of the 62 assembly line workers arrived at work more than 15 minutes late at least 3 days a week. The production supervisor tried something he had read about in the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management. After arranging with the owner to make available $75 a week, he implemented a lottery. He gave each worker a lottery ticket any day they arrived on time and 5 bonus tickets if they arrived on time every day for the week. At 5 p.m. on Friday afternoon, the supervisor drew a winning ticket and presented the winner a $75 check. The owner complained a lot about the $75 a week he was spending for “somebody to be paid extra for what he was already being paid for,” so the lottery was discontinued after the 7th week.
A-B-A design
B-A-B design
A-B design (comparison)
alternating treatments design
multiple baseline across subjects design
changing criterion design
multiple baseline across behaviors design
A-B-A-B design
A-B-A design
Almost all of Marvin’s interactions with his kindergarten peers were aggressive. His teacher counted his socially appropriate peer interactions during free play period for one week. Then she started giving Marvin a token after each socially appropriate interaction with a peer. After a while she gave Marvin a token after two socially appropriate interactions. Then she required 3 socially appropriate interactions. She continued increasing the number of socially appropriate interactions required for a token. While increasing the requirements to earn a token, the teacher also continued to make the tokens a bit more valuable in terms of what could be purchased in order to ensure the tokens retained their reinforcing function.
alternating treatments design
A-B design (comparison)
multiple baseline across behaviors design
A-B-A-B design
B-A-B design
changing criterion design
A-B-A design
multiple baseline across subjects design
changing criterion design
