mod 4 chp 14 Flashcards
1
Q
cervic/o
A
cervix
2
Q
colp/o
A
vagina
3
Q
-gravida
A
pregnant
4
Q
gynec/o
A
woman, female
5
Q
hyster/o
A
uterus
6
Q
mast/o
A
breast
7
Q
men/o
A
menstruation
8
Q
orchid/o
A
testicles
9
Q
ov/o
A
egg, ovum
10
Q
ovari/o
A
ovary
11
Q
-para
A
to give birth
12
Q
-pexy
A
surgical fixation
13
Q
salping/o
A
fallopian tube
14
Q
tes/i
A
testicle
15
Q
vagin/o
A
vagina
16
Q
organs of reproduction and their associated structures
A
genitalia
17
Q
external surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx
A
perineum
18
Q
sac-like structure that surrounds, protects, and supports the testicles
A
scrotum
19
Q
two small, egg shaped glands that produce the sperm
A
testicles
20
Q
sperm are formed within these in each testicle
A
seminiferous tubules
21
Q
coiled tube at the upper part of each testicle
A
epididymis
22
Q
extends upward from the epididymis and is attached to each testicle
A
spermatic cord
23
Q
male gametes
A
sperm
24
Q
process of sperm formation
A
spermatogenesis
25
head of the penis
glans penis
26
aka prepuce, retractable double-layer fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers and protects the glans penis
foreskin
27
the long narrow continuation of each epididymis
vas deferens
28
glands that secrete a thick, yellow substance to nourish the sperm cells
seminal vesicles
29
begins at the vas deferens, passes through the prostate gland and empties into the urethra
ejaculatory duct
30
under the bladder and surrounds the end of the urethra in the region where the vas deferens enters the urethra
prostate gland
31
aka Cowper's glands, located just below the prostate gland
bulbourethral glands
32
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the genitourinary system of males and the urinary system of females
urologist
33
inflammation of the glans penis that is usually caused by poor hygiene
balanitis
34
narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so it cannot be retracted to expose the glans penis
phimosis
35
aka impotence
erectile dysfunction
36
aka penile curvature
Peyronie's disease
37
painful erection that lasts 4 hours or more but is either not accompanied by sexual excitement
priapism
38
condition in which the male reaches climax too soon
premature ejaculation
39
marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone
andropause
40
aka undescended testicle
cryptorchidism
41
inflammation of the epididymis that is frequently caused by the spread of infection from the urethra or the bladder
epididymitis
42
fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles
hydrocele
43
a cyst that develops in the epididymis and is filled with a milky fluid containing sperm
spermatocele
44
sharp pain in the scrotum caused by the twisting of the vas deferens and blood vessels leading into the testicle
testicular torsion
45
aka orchitis, inflammation of testicles
testitis
46
knot of widening varicose veins in one side of the scrotum
varicocele
47
absence of sperm in the semen
azoospermia
48
sperm count below 20 million/mL
oligospermia
49
presence of blood in the seminal fluid
hematospermia
50
testing of freshly ejaculated semen to determine the volume plus the number, shape, size, and motility of the sperm
sperm count
51
surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
circumcision
52
surgical removal of one or both testicles
orchidectomy
53
repair of an undescended testicle
orchiopexy
54
removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to relieve a varicocele
varicocelectomy
55
surgical removal or destruction of both testicles
castration
56
male sterilization procedure in which a small portion of the vas deferens is surgically removed
vasectomy
57
vasectomy reversal
vasovasostomy
58
most common STD, highly contagious and requires early treatment with antibiotics
chlamydia
59
condition in women in which there is an abnormal overgrowth of certain bacteria in the vagina
bacterial vaginosis
60
itching or burning before the appearance of lesions on the genitals or rectum
genital herpes
61
caused by HPV
genital warts
62
highly contagious STD. in men causes painful urination and abnormal discharge
gonorrhea
63
STD that is difficult to distinguish
syphilis
64
one of the most common symptoms in infected women is a thin, frothy, yellow-green, foul smelling vaginal discharge
trichomoniasis
65
rounded, fleshy prominence located over the pubic symphysis
mons pubis
66
vaginal lips that protect the other external genitalia and the urethral meatus
labia majora and labia minora
67
organ of sensitive erectile tissue located anterior to the urethral meatus and the vaginal orfice
clitoris
68
produce a mucus secretion to lubricate the vagina
Bartholin's glands
69
exterior opening of the vagina
vaginal orifice
70
aka milk ducts
lactiferous ducts
71
pair of small almond shaped organs located in the lower abdomen one on either side of the uterus
ovaries
72
fluid-filled sac containing a single ovum
follicle
73
also known as eggs, the female gametes
ova
74
aka uterine tubes, extend from the upper end of the uterus to a point near but not attached to an ovary
fallopian tubes
75
funnel-shaped opening into the fallopian tube near the ovary
infundibulum
76
fringed, finger-like extensions of this opening. catch the mature ovum when it leaves the ovary
fimbriae
77
formerly known as the womb
uterus
78
normal position of the uterus where the uterus is bent forward
anteflexion
79
bulging, rounded part above the entrance of the fallopian tubes
fundus
80
lower, narrow portion that extends into the vagina
cervix
81
the tough, membranous outer layer of the uterus
perimetrium
82
muscular middle layer of the uterus
myometrium
83
inner layer of the uterus which consists of specialized epithelial mucosa that is rich in blood vessels
endometrium
84
beginning of the menstrual function
menarche
85
normal termination of the menstrual function in a woman during middle age
menopause
86
term used to designate the transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all
perimenopause
87
release of a mature egg from a follicle on the surface of one of the ovaries
ovulation
88
secretes the hormone progesterone during the second half of the menstrual cycle
corpus luteum
89
from implantation through the 8th week of pregnancy
embryo
90
from 9th week of pregnancy to the time of birth
fetus
91
from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells which develop into two separate embryos
fraternal twins
92
formed by the fertilization of a single egg cell by a single sperm that divides to form two embryos
identical twins
93
used to describe a birth involving more than two infants
multiples
94
thin outer membrane that encloses the embryo. it contributes to the formation of the placenta
chorion
95
temporary organ that forms within the uterus to allow the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the mother and fetus without allowing maternal blood and fetal blood to mix
placenta
96
the placental and fetal membranes are expelled as the
afterbirth
97
the innermost membrane that surrounds the embryo in the uterus
amniotic sac
98
the tube that caries blood, oxygen, and nutrients from the placenta to the developing child
umbilical cord
99
aka belly button
navel
100
period of development of the child in the mother's uterus
gestation or pregnancy
101
first movement of the fetus in the uterus that can be felt by th emother
quickening
102
intermittent painless uterine contractions that occur with increasing frequency as the pregnancy progresses
Braxton Hicks contractions
103
final stage of pregnancy just before the onset of labor
antepartum
104
woman who has never been pregnant
nulligravida
105
woman who has never borne a viable child
nullipara
106
woman during her first pregnancy
primigravida
107
a woman who has borne one viable child
primipara
108
a woman who has given birth two or more times
multiparous
109
use of an electronic device to record the fetal heart rate and the maternal uterine contractions during labor
fetal monitoring
110
aka crowning
cephalic presentation
111
after childbirth
postpartum
112
the time from the delivery of the placenta through approximately the first 6 weeks after the delivery
puerperium
113
postpartum vaginal discharge that typically continues for 4 to 6 weeks after childbirth
lochia
114
the return of the uterus to its normal size and former condition after delivery
uterine involution
115
specialized form of milk that delivers essential nutrients and antibodies in a form that the newborn can digest during the first few days after giving birth
colostrum
116
process of forming and secreting milk from the breasts as nourishment for the infant
lactation
117
mood disorder characterized by feelings of sadness and the loss of pleasure in normal activities after giving birth
postpartum depression
118
newborn infant
neonate
119
greasy substance that protects the fetus in utero
vernix
120
greenish material that collects in the intestine of a fetus and forms the first stools of a newborn
meconium
121
scale of 1 to 10 to evaluate a newborn infants physical status at 1-5 minutes after birth
Apgar score
122
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
gynecologist
123
physician who specializes in providing medical care to women during pregnancy
obstetrician
124
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the newborn
neonatologist
125
helps infertile couples by diagnosing and treating problems associated with conception and maintaining pregnancy
infertility specialist
126
absence of ovulation when it would be normally expected
anovulation
127
inflammation of an ovary
oophoritis
128
originates within the cells of the ovaries, cancer
ovarian cancer
129
rupture of an ovary
ovariorrhexis
130
any inflammation of the female reproductive organs that is not associated with surgery or pregnancy
pelvic inflammatory disease
131
condition caused by a hormonal imbalance in which the ovaries are enlarged by the presence of may cysts formed by incompletely developed follicles
polycystic ovary syndrome
132
accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube
pyosalpinx
133
inflammation of a fallopian tube
salpingitis
134
condition in which patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity
endometriosis
135
abnormal discharge from the uterus
metrorrhea
136
involves a cancerous growth that begins in the lining of the uterus
endometrial cancer
137
benign tumor composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that occurs in the wall of the uterus
uterine fibroid
138
condition in which the uterus slides from its normal position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina
uterine prolapse
139
second-most common cancer in women and usually affects women between the ages 45-65
cervical cancer
140
the presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix
cervical dysplasia
141
inflammation of the cervix that is usually caused by an infection
cervicitis
142
an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the cervix
endocervicitis
143
tearing or laceration of the vaginal wall
colporrhexis
144
characterized by pain during sexual intercourse
dyspareunia
145
profuse whitish mucus discharge from the uterus and vagina
leukorrhea
146
aka yeast infection
vaginal candidiasis
147
aka colpitis, inflammation of the lining of the vagina
vaginitis
148
condition of severe itching of the external female fenitalia
pruritus vulvae
149
painful syndrome of unknown cause characterized by chronic burning, pain during sexual intercourse, itching, or stinging irritation of the vulva
vulvodynia
150
inflammation of the vulva
vulvitis
151
round, firm, rubbery mass that arises from excess growth of glandular and connective tissue in the breast
fibroadenoma
152
presence of single or multiple benign cysts in the breasts
fibrocystic breast disease
153
production of breast milk in a woman who is not breastfeeding
galactorrhea
154
pain in the breast
mastalgia
155
breast infection that is caused by bacteria that enter the breast tissue, most frequently during breastfeeding
mastitis
156
abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 90 days or more
amenorrhea
157
pain caused by uterine cramps during a menstrual period
dysmenorrhea
158
condition characterized by abnormal bleeding often due to an imbalance in hormone level changes
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
159
aka menorrhagia, excessive amount of menstrual flow over a period of more than 7 days
hypermenorrhea
160
unusually small amount of menstrual flow during a shortened regular menstrual period
hypomenorrhea
161
aka intermenstrual bleeding, excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and at other irregular intervals
menometrorrhagia
162
term used to describe infrequent or very light menstruation
oligomenorrhea
163
occurrence of menstrual cycles more frequently than is normal
polymenorrhea
164
condition in which the ovaries cease functioning before age 40 years due to disease, a hormonal disorder, or surgical removal
premature menopause
165
group of symptoms experienced by some women within the 2 week period before menstruation
premenstrual syndrome
166
condition associated with severe emotional and physical problems that are closely linked to the menstrual cycle, symptoms occur regularly in the second half of the cycle and end when menstruation begins shortly thereafter
premenstrual dysphoric disorder
167
extrauterine pregnancy
ectopic pregnancy
168
aka toxemia, complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria
preeclampsia
169
more serious form of preeclampsia
eclampsia
170
defines the presence or absence of the Rh antifen on the red blood cells
Rh factor
171
disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus
abruptio placentae
172
occurs when the buttocks or feet of the fetus are positioned to enter the birth canal first
breech presentation
173
abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus
placenta previa
174
aka preemie
premature infant
175
birth of a fetus that died before or during delivery
stillbirth
176
direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina
colposcopy
177
small amount of the tissue from the lining of the uterus is removed for microscopic examination
endometrial biopsy
178
radiographic examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes
hysterosalpingography
179
visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes
hysteroscopy
180
exfoliative biopsy of the cervix
pap smear
181
performed between 11 and 13 weeks of pregnancy, aka combined screening
first trimester screening
182
examination of cells retrieved from the chorionic villi
chorionic villus sampling
183
surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid
amniocentesis
184
radiographic study to measure the dimensions of the pelvis to evaluate its capacity to allow passage of the fetus through the birth canal
pelvimetry
185
barrier contraceptive that prevents the sperm from reaching and fertilizing the egg
diaphragm
186
molded plastic contraception inserted through the cervix into the uterus to prevent pregnancy
intrauterine device
187
the use of female hormones estrogen and progestin to replace those the body no longer produces during and after perimenopause
hormone replacement therapy
188
aka ovariectomy, surgical removal of one or both ovaries
oophorectomy
189
surgical removal of one or both fallopian tubes
salpingectomy
190
surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary
salpingo-oophorectomy
191
surgical sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tunes are sealed or cut to prevent sperm from reaching a mature ovum
tubule ligation
192
aka vaginofixation, surgical fixation of a prolapsed vagina to a surrounding structure such as the abdominal wall
colpopexy
193
aka cone biopsy, surgical removal of a cone shaped specimen of tissue from the cervix
conization
194
surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina
colporrhaphy
195
surgical procedure in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrium of the uterus is scraped away
dilation and curettage
196
the surgical removal of uterine fibroids
myomectomy
197
surgical removal of the uterus
hysterectomy
198
commonly performed to treat uterine cancer, procedure includes the surgical removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes, the uterus and cervix, plus nearby lymph nodes
radical hysterectomy
199
general term for a cosmetic operation on the breasts
mammoplasty
200
mammoplasty performed to increase breast size
breast augmentation
201
called a breast lift, a mammoplasty to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position
mastopexy
202
aka c-section
cesarean section
203
surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of the tissues as the infant moves out of the birth canal
episiotomy
204
surgical suturing to repair an episiotomy
episiorrhaphy
205
apparatus for maintaining an environment of controlled temperature, etc
incubator
206
aka intrauterine insemination
artificial insemination
207
AMA
advanced maternal age
208
AI
artificial insemination
209
ART
assisted reproductive technology
210
IVF
in vitro fertilization
211
AMN
amniocentesis
212
BV
bacterial vaginosis
213
CS
cesarean section
214
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
215
HPV
human papillomaviruses
216
HSG
hysterosalpingography
217
HYS
hysteroscopy
218
IUD
intrauterine device
219
L & D
labor and delivery
220
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
221
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
