mod 4 chp 12 Flashcards
1
Q
cutane/o
A
skin
2
Q
derm/o, dermat/o
A
skin
3
Q
hidr/o
A
sweat
4
Q
hirsut/o
A
hairy, rough
5
Q
kerat/o
A
horny, hard
6
Q
lip/o
A
fat
7
Q
onych/o
A
fingernail or toenail
8
Q
pil/i, pil/o
A
hair
9
Q
rhytid/o
A
wrinkle
10
Q
seb/o
A
sebum
11
Q
urtic/o
A
rash, hives
12
Q
xer/o
A
dry
13
Q
make up of the skin and its related structures
A
integumentary system
14
Q
secrete sebum that lubricates the skin and discourages the growth of bacteria
A
sebaceous glands
15
Q
help regulate body temperature by secreting sweat
A
sweat glands
16
Q
protect the dorsal surface of the last bone of each toe and finger
A
nails
17
Q
means pertaining to the skin
A
cutaneous
18
Q
outermost layer of the skin
A
epidermis
19
Q
form a protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body
A
epithelial tissues
20
Q
forms the upper layer of the epidermis
A
squamous epithelial tissue
21
Q
lowest layer of the epidermis
A
basal layer
22
Q
fibrous, water-repellent protein
A
keratin
23
Q
special cells that are also found in the basal cell layer. produce and contain a dark brown to black pigment called melanin
A
melanocytes
24
Q
the pigment that determines the color of the skin
A
melanin
25
aka corlum, thick layer of living tissue directly below the epidermins
dermis
26
means glue, tough yet flexible fibrous protein material found in the skin
collagen
27
found in the connective tissue of the dermis, respond to injury, infection, or allergy by producing and releasing substances including heparin and histamine
mast cells
28
released in response to an injury, which is an anticoagulant
heparin
29
released in response to allergens, causes the signs of allergic reactions
histamine
30
located just below the layers of the skin that connects the skin to the surface muscles
subcutaneous layer
31
aka fat cells
lipocytes
32
located in the dermis layer of the skin and are closely associated with hair follicles
sebaceous glands
33
an oily substance released through ducts opening into the hair follicels
sebum
34
aka sudoriferous glands
sweat glands
35
openings on the surface of the skin that act as the ducts of the sweat glands
pores
36
aka sweat
perspiration
37
the production and excretion of perspiration
hidrosis
38
rod-like structures composed of tightly fused, dead protein cells filled with hard keratin
hair
39
sacs that hold the root of the hair fibers
hair follicles
40
tiny muscle fibers attached tot he hair follicles that cause the hair to stand erect
arrector pili
41
commonly known as fingernail or toenail
unguis
42
pale half moon shaped region at every nail root
lunula
43
narrow band of epidermis attached to the surface of the nail just in front of the root, protecting new keratin cells as they form
cuticle
44
fastens the nail to the finger or toe by fitting into a groove in the skin
nail root
45
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin
dermatologist
46
physician who specializes in the surgical restoration and reconstruction of the body structures
plastic surgeon
47
commonly known as acne
acne vulgaris
48
noninfected lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in a hair follicle, often associated with acne vulgaris. aka whitehead or blackhead
comedo
49
closed sac associated with a sebaceous gland that is found just under the skin. contain yellow, fatty material
sebaceous cyst
50
overactivity of the sebaceous glands that results in the production of an excessive amount of sebum
seborrhea
51
inflammation sometimes resulting from seborrhea that causes scaling and itching of the upper layers of the skin or scalp. dandruff is a form
seborrheic dermatitis
52
benign skin growth that has a waxy or pasted-on look
seborrheic keratosis
53
abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat
anhidrosis
54
profuse sweating
diaphoresis
55
aka prickly heat, intensely itchy rash caused by blockage of the sweat glands by bacteria and dead cells
heat rash
56
condition of excessive sweating in one area or over the whole body
hyperhidrosis
57
commonly known as night sweats, occurrence of hyperhidrosis during sleep
sleep hyperhidrosis
58
inflammation of the hair follicles
folliculitis
59
superficial bacterial infection of the hair shafts in areas with extensive sweat glands, such as the armpits
trichomycosis axillaris
60
presence of excessive body and facial hair in women
hirsutism
61
aka baldness, the partial complete loss of hair, most commonly on the scalp
alopecia
62
autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles, causing well-defined bald areas on the scalp or elsewhere on the body
alopecia areata
63
uncommon condition characterized by the loss of all hair on the scalp
alopecia totalis
64
total loss of hair on all parts of the body
alopecia universalis
65
condition in which the hair thins in the front and on the sides of the scalp and sometimes on the crown, rarely leads to total hair loss
female pattern baldness
66
common hair-loss pattern in men with the hairline receding from the front of the back until only a horseshoe shaped area of hair remains in the back and at the temples
male pattern baldness
67
abnormal curving of the nails that is often accompanied by enlargement of the fingertips
clubbing
68
aka spoon nail
koilonychia
69
aka onychitis, inflammation of the matrix of the nail that often results in the loss of the nail
onychia
70
commonly known as ingrown toenail
onychocryptosis
71
fungal infection of the nail
onychomycosis
72
means nail biting or nail eating
onychophagia
73
an acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around a nail
paronychia
74
discoloration caused by sun exposure
age spots
75
genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or the absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and irises of the eyes
albinism
76
pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face. can occur during pregnancy
chloasma
77
skin condition resulting from the destruction of the melanocytes due to unknown causes
vitiligo
78
injuring to the underlying tissues without breaking the skin and is characterized by discoloration and pain
contusion
79
aka bruise, large, irregular area of purplish discoloration due to bleeding under the skin
ecchymosis
80
appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin. smaller than an ecchymosis and larger than petechiae
purpura
81
very small, pinpoint hemorrhages that are less than 2 mm in diameter. sometimes result from high fevers
petechiae
82
swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues
hematoma
83
pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
lesion
84
aka scab, collection of dried serum and cellular debris
crust
85
the wearing away of a surface such as the epidermis of the skin or the outer layer of a mucus membrane
erosion
86
discolored flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter
macule
87
solid, raised skin lesion that is larger than .5 cm in diameter and deeper than a papule
nodule
88
small, raised red lesion that is less than .5 cm in diameter and does not contain pus. ex small insect bites
papule
89
scaly, solid raised area of closely spaced papules
plaque
90
flakes or dry patches made up of excess dead epidermal cells
scales
91
aka warts, small, hard skin lesions caused by HPV
verrucae
92
aka welt, small bump that itches
wheal
93
closed pocket containing pus that is caused by a bacterial infection
abscess
94
means producing or containing pus
purulent
95
fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound
exudate
96
abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semisolid material
cyst
97
small, circumscribed lesion containing pus. aka pimple
pustule
98
small blister, less than .5 cm in diameter, containing watery fluid
vesicle
99
large blister that is usually more than .5 cm in diameter
bulla
100
injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away
abrasion
101
groove or crack-like break in the skin
fissure
102
torn or jagged wound, accidental cut wound
laceration
103
aka bedsore. open lacerated wound that is caused by prolonged pressure on an area of skin
pressure sore
104
deep hole made by a sharp object such as a rust nail or ice pick
puncture wound
105
open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane resulting in tissue loss around the edges
ulcer
106
aka moles
pigmented birthmarks (nevi)
107
aka strawberry birthmark, soft, raised, pink or red vascular birthmark
capillary hemangioma
108
flat vascular birthmark made up of dilated blood capillaries, creating a large, reddish purple discoloration on the face or neck, this type of birthmark will not resolve without treatment
port-wine stains
109
describes an inflammation of the skin
dermatitis
110
localized allergic response caused by contact with an irritant, such as diaper rash
contact dermatitis
111
aka atopic dermatitis, persistent or recurring dermatitis
eczema
112
condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin
exfoliative dermatitis
113
aka itching
pruritus
114
redness of the skin due to capillary dilation
erythema
115
abnormal redness of the entire skin surface
erythroderma
116
widespread rash, usually in children
exanthem
117
general term used to denote skin lesions or eruptions of any type that are not associated with inflammation
dermatosis
118
group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thicked, and scaly skin
ichthyosis
119
aka painful fat syndrome, chronic abnormal condition that is characterized by the accumulation of fat and fluid in the tissues just under the skin of the hips and legs
lipedema
120
common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp, back, or buttocks
psoriasis
121
aka adult acne, characterized by tiny red pimples and broken blood vessels
rosacea
122
aka bulbous nose
rhinophyma
123
autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened, causing the skin to become hard and swollen
scleroderma
124
aka hives, itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction
urticaria
125
excessively dry skin
xeroderma
126
cluster of connected furuncles
carbuncle
127
acute, rapidly spreading bacterial infection within the connective tissues that is characterized by malaise, swelling, warmth, and red streak
cellulitis
128
aka boils, large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staph infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands
furuncles
129
tissue necrosis, commonly caused by a loss of circulation to the affected tissues
gangrene
130
highly contagious bacterial skin infection that commonly occurs in children
impetigo
131
severe infection caused by Group A strep bacteria, aka flesh eating bacteria
necrotizing fasciitis
132
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo
pyoderma
133
describes any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
mycosis
134
fungal infection that can grow on the skin, hair, or nails. aka ringworm
tinea
135
dwelling of microscopic parasites on external surface tissue
infestation
136
infestation with lice
pediculosis
137
skin infection caused by and infestation of itch mites
scabies
138
thickening of part of the skin on the hands or feet caused by repeated rubbing
callus
139
normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound
cicatrix
140
tissue that normally forms during the healing of a wound
granulation tissue
141
general term used to describe a small, knot-like swelling of granulation tissue in the epidermis
granuloma
142
abnormally raised or thickened scar that expands beyond the boundaries of the original incision
keloid
143
any skin growth, such as a wart or a callus, in which there is overgrowth and thickening of the skin
keratosis
144
benign, slow-growing fatty tumor located between the skin and muscle layer
lipoma
145
aka mole, small, dark, skin growth that develops from meanocytes
nevus
146
atypical moles that can develop into skin cancer
dysplastic nevi
147
benign, superficial wart-like growth on the epithelial tissue elsewhere in the body, such as in the bladder
papilloma
148
a mushroom like growth
polyp
149
small, flesh colored or light brown polyps
skin tags
150
precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin.
actinic keratosis
151
malignant umor of the basal cell layer
basal cell carcinoma
152
originates as a malignant tumor of the scaly squamous cells of the epithelium
squamous cell carcinoma
153
type of skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes
malignant melanoma
154
technique in which cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope
exfoliative cytology
155
the destruction of tissue by burning
cauterization
156
aka chemical peel, the use of chemicals to remove the outer layers of skin
chemabrasion
157
the destruction of abnormal tissue cells, such as warts or tumors, through the application of extreme cold
cryosurgery
158
removal of material from the surface by scaping
curettage
159
removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing
debridement
160
procedure, pressurized fluid is used to clean out wound debris
irrigation and debridement
161
form of abrasion involving the use of a revolving wire brush or sandpaper
dermabrasion
162
surgical technique in which tissue is destroyed using an electric spark
electrodestruction
163
technique used to treat various types of skin cancer, individual layers of cancerous tissue are removed and examined under a microscope one at a time until a margin that is clear of all cancerous tissue has been achieved
Mohs' surgery
164
class of chemical compounds derived from vitamin A that are used in skin care and treatment because of their effect on epithelial cell growth
retinoids
165
aka lid lift, surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids by removing sagging skin
blepharoplasty
166
form of soft-tissue augmentation used to soften facial lines or scars, or to make lips appear fuller
collagen replacement therapy
167
aka a skin graft
dermatoplasty
168
use of electric current to destroy hair follicles in order to produce the relatively permanent removal of undesired hair
electrolysis
169
surgical removal of fat from beneath the skin to improve physical appearance
lipectomy
170
surgical removal of fat beneath the skin with the aid of suction
liposuction
171
aka facelift
rhytidectomy
172
treatment of spider veins by injecting a saline sclerosing solution into the vein
sclerotherapy
173
BCC
basal cell carcinoma
174
caut
cauterization
175
Ecz, Ez
eczema
176
I&D
irrigation and debridement
177
MM
malignant melanoma
178
NF
necrotizing fasciitis
179
PDT
photodynamic therapy
180
Ps
psoriasis
181
SCD
scleroderma
182
SCC
squamous cell carcinoma
183
SC, subq
subcutaneous
184
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus
