Mod 2- Respiratory

Question 1

Normal and barrel chest ratios

Answer 1

normal- 1:2 (width to length)

barrel- 1:1

Question 2

Chronic bronchitis (2 thinsg that occur)

Answer 2

1- inflamation on bronchi (loses elasticity)

2- Buildup of mucus (narrows tube)

Question 3

Emphysema

Answer 3

air cant get into alveoli

Question 4

Functions of human respiratory system (4)

Answer 4

• Take ox from air to supply blood
• remove/dispose co2
• Regulate blood ph
• regulate blood o2 and co2 levels

Question 5

Conduction zone components

Answer 5

Nasal cavity
nasopharynx
oropharynx
larynx
trechea
bronchi
bronchioles
terminal bronchioles 
(no gas exchange)

Question 6

Respiratory zone components

Answer 6

Respiratory bronchioles
alveolar dicts
alveoli

Question 7

Upper respiratory tract is everything above

Answer 7

trachea

Question 8

functions of upper respiratory tract (4)

Answer 8

1) filter for bacteria
2) Humidifies air
3) Smell
4) Survival

Question 9

Olfactory cells (what type are they and what are they associated w)

Answer 9

Bipolar nueron (CN 1)
associated w scent

Question 10

Sustentacular cells

Answer 10

Supporting cell for olfactory cells

secretes enzymes to break oderants

Question 11

Basal cell of olfactory epithelium

Answer 11

Stem cell of epithelium

Question 12

Brush cell of olfactory epithelium

Answer 12

Associated w the other sensations that are not smell or scent (CN V)

Question 13

Larynx

Answer 13

houses vocal cords (associated w cartilage)

Question 14

True vs false vocal cords

Answer 14

True- moves, associated w skeletal muscle

Question 15

Layers of trachea (out to in)

Answer 15

mucosa- repiratory epithelium

submucosa- seromucus glands surrounded by collagen and elastic fibres

C shaped hyaline/ Muscular layer- smooth muscle bridges gap

adventitia

Question 16

Where do the primary bronchi enter the lung at

Answer 16

The hilum

Question 17

Secondary bronchi (how many into right and left lungs)

Answer 17

3 into the right

2 into the left

Question 18

Terminal Bronchiole (what do they lack + what do they have)

Answer 18

• glands in the mucosa
• no cartilage
• have smooth muscle that aids in bronchiodialation, constriction
• clara cells replace goblet cells

Question 19

clara cells secrete 2 things

Answer 19

1. Sulfactant like substance that prevents stickyness

2. Anti inflammatory ingredient

Question 20

What do pulmonary veins carry

Answer 20

oxygenated blood to left atrium

Question 21

What do pulmonary arteries carry

Answer 21

deoxgenated blood to the airways

Question 22

Bronchiole arteries

Answer 22

oxygenated blood to supply nutrient to mucosa

Question 23

what are respiratory bronchioles and what are their walls made up of

Answer 23

areas of transitision between conducting and respiratory portions

-simple non ciliated cuboidal
(no cartilage, goblet)

Question 24

Alveolar wall is composed of these 3 cell types

Answer 24

1. Endothiel cells of blood capillaries
2. Squamus epithelial cells (type 1)
3. Secretatory cells (type 2) - secretes surfactant so they dont collapse

Question 25

What do the elastic fibres in aleolar interstitum allow for

Answer 25

elastic recoil of alveolar sac during expiration

Question 26

what do alveolar pores do

Answer 26

Bwt different sacs, equalizes pressure gradient between them (pore of kohn)