Connective Tissue Flashcards
4 different types of connective tissue
- connective tissue proper
- blood
- cartilage
- bone
Connective tissue proper
- The glue
- two types of fibre in this; loose and dense
Loose connective tissue (features)
- has the most ECM
- very flexabile
Dense connective tissue (features)
- Limited amount of ECM
- a lot of fibers with cells in between them (greatest conc of collogen fibres)
- ex tendons, ligs
What makes up the ECM (3)
- Amorphous ground substance
- Pro fibres
- Tissue fluid (at an equilibrium)
What is Amorphous ground substance
- transparent material composed of mainly glycoproteins and proteoglycans, with high water content
What can GAGs do in amorphous ground substance
- have the ability to bring water to an area to maintain water content
Collagen fibres- features
- inelastic and possess great tensile strength
- 6 different types
Elastic fibbres- features, compositon
- composed of elastin and microfibrils
- highly elastic and may be stretched 150%
what is elastin composed of
-glycine and proline
Reticular fibres composition, where found
- very thin
- form fine meshed net around cells and cell groups
The cells of connective tissue are split into these two categories
resident- allways in the connective tissue (fibroblasts, adipocytes, mast cells, macrophages)
Transient- originate mainly in the bone marrow and circulate in the bloodstream. Upon recieving the proper signal they leave the bloodstream and migrate to connective tissue ( plasma cells, lymphocytes)
Fibroblast features
- most common cell type in connective tissue
- active cell type (compared to fibrocyte)
- synthesize collegen, reticular and elastic fibres
Wound healing steps
inflamatory stage
proliferative phase
remodeling stage3w-2y
Inflamatory stage (time and 2 steps)
0-5d
- Hemostasis- clotting and vasoconstriction to stop blood
- inflammation- vasodialation to bring blood nutrienst
Proliferative phase (time and 3 steps)
2d-3w
- Granulation (collagen and new cappilaries)
- Contraction (wound edges close)
- Epithlialization
How do macrophages originate
-originate from monocytes which migrate to connective tissue and diferentiate into tissue macrophages
Main functions of macrophages
-ingestion by phagocytosis of mcroorganisms, breakdown of aged cells
What do mast cells contain
Primary mediators- heparin, histamine and neutrophil chemotactic factors
Secondary mediators- prostaglandins, leukotrienes
Plama cells (where are they pressent and what do they do
- scattered through the connective tissue, they are present in greatest numbers in area of chronic inflammation
- derived from b lymphocytes
Alergic rxn steps
Allergen comes in contact with B cell
B cell releases antibodies that goes into muscle (mast cell)
Next time there is contact w an allegen histamine and other chems are released
