Mod 1 Lesson 7

Question 1

cause-and-effect relationship

Answer 1

a relationship in which changes in one variable cause changes in the other variable; can be determined only through an experimental research design

Question 2

confounding variable

Answer 2

a condition that is not held constant across experimental and control groups that could affect the results

Question 3

control group

Answer 3

serves as a basis for comparison and controls for chance factors that might influence the results of the study by holding such factors constant across groups so that the experimental manipulation is the only difference between groups

Question 4

dependent variable

Answer 4

a variable that the researcher measures to see how much effect the independent variable had

Question 5

hypothesis

Answer 5

a suggested explanation that can be tested

Question 6

experimental group

Answer 6

a group designed to answer a research question

Question 7

independent variable

Answer 7

a variable that is influenced or controlled by the experimenter; in a sound experimental study, the independent variable is the only important difference between the experimental and control group

Question 8

objective

Answer 8

fact-based, measurable, and observable

Question 9

placebo

Answer 9

treatment with no active ingredients; sometimes called a “sugar pill”

Question 10

quantitative data

Answer 10

numbers, measurements, and other factual data

Question 11

qualitative data

Answer 11

subjective and descriptive observations

Question 12

subjective

Answer 12

based on opinions, points of view, or emotional judgment