Mocks Flashcards
How to ascending stairs using crutches.
Nwb status
Unaffected leg first
Crutches followed by affected leg-together
Mechanical low back pain:
Movs that aggravate
Hallmark sign
Movs: it can ve flexion, extension, R or L side flexion…multiple movements.
Hallmark sign: pain that gets worse over the course of the day.***
Disc herniation:
Movs that aggravate
Movs that alleviate
When is the pain better|worse
Where is the pain
Pain is worse in the AM and gets better as the day goes on.
Movs that aggravate: flexion
Movs that alliviate: extension
Pain will be in the leg and usually below the knee( if nerve root irritation)
Pain will be in the back and buttocks ( if minor disc herniation without nerve root irritation)
Spinal Stenosis:
Location of the pain
Movs that aggravate
Movs that alliviate
Location: leg. Usually below the knee. Can be b/l
Aggrav: extension (walking)
Alliviate: fkexion (sitting)
Facet joint dysfunction:
Location of the pain
Movs that aggravate
Movs that alliviate
Location: back and buttocks
Aggravate: rotation and extension
Alliviate: flexion
ACA presentation:
Most affected extremitie (UE or LE)
Características
1- LE more affected weakness and sensory loss
2-Self care problems
3- emotional labile
4-apraxia
5- broca aphasia (frontal lobe)
MCA presentation:
UE or LE more affected?
Characteristics
UE more affected-weakness and sensory loss of contra lateral UE and face
+ comum
***Hemianopia( blidness in half of the visual field)
Contra lateral neglect
Aphasias (broca and wernicke)
Apraxia
ICA:
Características
Contra lateral hemiplegia and hemi sensory DISTURBANCE in the UE and LE.
Global aphasia
Mentally slow
Contra lateral hemianopia for BOTH EYES
partial Horners syndrome
PCA:
Características
Supplies occipital lobe
Vision problems
Hemianopia
Contra lateral hemiplegia
Vertebro artery syndrome:
Characteristics
Locked in syndrome
Vertigo
Dipoplia
Dysphasia
Dysartria
Impaired sensation over the face
Ataxia
***May produce both ipsilateral and contralaterak sign and symptoms
Legg calve perthes disease
What is?
Type of population it most often affects?
Signs
Intervention
Restricted movs of the hip
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Boys 2-15 anos
Idiopathic
Restricted movs of the hip: abd and internal rotation
Signs: limp of insidious onset
Positive trendelenburg sign
Pain aggravates w activities and relief w rest
Pain in the hip which may refer to antero medial thigh|knee
Decrease hip rom
Interventions: petrie cast (letra A)
Low impact exercs
Strength in okc
Rom
Decrease wb if severe pain
ALS:
What is it?
UMN /LMN
Population + affected
Pattern of distribution
Impairment
Tx
Chronic degenerative disease of the motor neurons in the brain, brain stem and spinal cord.
It can be UMN and LMN
Average age onset mid to late 50
Pattern of distribution: distal to proximal Asymetrical***
Impairments: weakness (hallmark**)
Fasciculation
Atrophy
Muscle cramps
Hyporeflexia
Respiratory complications
Frontal temporal dementia
Tx:!depend on symptoms. Breathing exs , strength training and endurance training
Guillian Barre Syndrome
Umn or Lmn
What is it?
Etiology
How many phases
Pattern of distribution
S/S
Lmn syndrome
Autoimmune disorder causing acute inflammation and demyelination of the cranial nevers amd periferal nevers myelinsheats
Unkow etiology
3 phases (progressive deterioration, plato and recovery)
Pattern of distribution: distal to proximal and ASCENDING neuropathy
Glove and stocking distribution
S/S: hyporeflexia, hupotonia, weakness,pain, parestesia, respiratory problems
Poliomyelitis and post polio
Umn or lmn
Pattern of distribution
Characteristics
Lmn
Pattern of distribution: le more affected and asymmetrical
Characteristics: weakness and paralysis
Ms
Umn or lmn
What is it?
Onset
Pattern of distribution
Characteristics
Umn syndrome
Chronic inflammatory disease causing demyelination in the CNS
Onset 20-40
There is No pattern of distribution
Characteristics:
**fatigue, Muscle weakness , Spasticity
Balance issues, Paresthesia, Optic neuritis or dipoplia
Dizziness/vertigo, ataxia, bowel/bladder issues
Impaired cognition and memory
Pain, depression. Uthoff phenomenon (heat intolerance)
Relapses followed by recovery and disease stabilization.
Progressive- relapsing, secondary-progressive, primary-progressive or relapsing-remiting
Relapsing remiting
Steady disease progression. No interruption or distinct episodes.
Progressive- relapsing, secondary-progressive, primary-progressive or relapsing-remiting
Primary progressive
Progressive disease from onset w super imposed acute attacks or relapses that may or may not have recovery.
Progressive- relapsing, secondary-progressive, primary-progressive or relapsing-remiting
Progressive relapsing
Begins w relapsing remiting course followed by steady disease progression w no distinct period of remission.
Progressive- relapsing, secondary-progressive, primary-progressive or relapsing-remiting
Secondary- progressive
What is hypercapnia?
Excess of co2 in the blood
Normal value:
PaCO2 :35-45mmHG
Escoliose
Where the vertebra will rotate? And the ribs?
The vertebra will rotate TOWARDS the side of the escoliose and the ribs will rotate Posterior on the side of the escoliose
Flail chest
Main sign
At least 3 ribs fractured in 2 different locations each
Main sign: paradoxical pattern of breathing
Three main points to estimate high of walkers.
Angulation of elbow
Greater trochanter
Wrist crease in standing
Umnar styloidnprocess in standing
Elbows should be 20-30 of flexion
Plagiocephaly…
In right torticolo?
On the left side. Always opposite
Pt with sob what is the most appropriate intervention at first?
Position the pt leaning forward w elbows on his hips!
What os the effects of beta blockers?
Heart rate will increase but LESS than it would have increased prior to the use of beta blockers.
Indications to terminate exercises
Moderately severe or increasing angina,
dyspnea,
dizziness,
light-headedness,
ataxia,
cyanosis,
pallor,
excessive fatigue
, leg cramps or claudication
What ligament is injured on the lateral sprain?
Pf and inversion
Neutral and inversion
Df and inversion
Pf and inversion: anterior talofibular
Neutral and inversion: calcaneofibular
Df and inversion: posterior talofibular lig
What muscle should we strengthen in the lateral ankle sprain?
Peroneus tertius
What ate the downwards rotators of escapula?
Loves prika rumb
Elevator escapula
Pectoralis minor
Romboides
What ate the uppwards rotators of the scapula?
Upper traps, serratus anterior
Fasciitis plantar…
What is the most painful movs during gait?
Toe off
Lembrar do test de windlass (great toe extension)
Where is the plantar fasciitis painful on palpation?
Medial calcaneal tubercle
What is pistoning of the prosthetic?
Movement of up and down of the prosthesis.
Usually bc the stump shrunk and the prosthesis ta grande
Step deformity
Distal or proximal part of the clavicle sticking out?
Distal part of clavicule
Discoid rash in lupus?
Scarring on the pt skin
What is the purpose of pressure garments in burns?
Used to minimize scar formation
Flexion of shoulder muscles
Deltoid anterior,
Coracobrachialis
Pec major
Biceps assist
Extension of shoulder muscles
Deltoid post
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Abd of shoulder muscles
15- supraspinatus
15-90- deltoid
Acima 90 trapezius and serratus amterior
Add of shoulder
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Pec major
Internal rotation of shoulder
Subscapularis
Latissumus dorsi
Teres major
Pec major
Anterior deltoid
External rotation of shoulder
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
