Mo - Head and neck cancer aetiologies HPV+ vs HPV- Flashcards
1
Q
What is the most common cause of HNSCC in the oropharynx?
A
HPV
2
Q
What is APOBEC?
A
intracellular immune system
3
Q
How is APOBEC relevant to HNSCC?
A
Because an APOBEC signature in a HNSCC means it’s HPV+
4
Q
What are two other markers besides APOBEC to show that a tumor is HPV+?
A
P16 and p53
5
Q
What are the two ways in which HPV causes a cell to mutate? (Explain complicated (2))
A
The virus’ E7 binds to RB and pushes the cell into S phase.
E7 is one of the genes of the HPV virus
The virus’ E6 deactivates p53, because of this the cell does not stop after the G2 phase and it gets pushed into M phase.
6
Q
How do we test if a tumor is HPV+ currently? (2)
A
P16 immunostaining + HPV DNA test
