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SBB Review > MNS > Flashcards

MNS Flashcards

1
Q

GYPA and GYPB location

A

Chromosome 4q31.21

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2
Q

glycophorin A expressed on

A

erythroid cells only

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3
Q

GPA and GPB are exploited by which parasite

A

Plasmodium falciparum

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4
Q

How many copies per RBC

GPA

A

10^6

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5
Q

How many copies per RBC

GPB

A

200,000

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6
Q

M/N located on

A

GPA

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7
Q

S/s located on

A

GPB

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8
Q

‘N’

A

N like epitope present on GPB- usually too weak to be detected by most reagents

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9
Q

M and N are trypsin

A

sensitive

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10
Q

S and s are trypsin

A

resistant

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11
Q

M, N, S, s reactivity with a-chmyotrypsin

A

M and N- activity partially reduced

S, s, ‘N’- completely destroyed

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12
Q

M, N, S, s reactivity with papain

A

destroyed

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13
Q

M, N, S, s reactivity with ficin

A

destroyed

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14
Q

M, N, S, s reactivity with bromelin

A

destroyed

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15
Q

M, N, S, s reactivity with pronase

A

destroyed

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16
Q

Frequency M+N-

A

White: 30%

African American: 25%

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17
Q

Frequency M+N+

A

White: 49%

African American: 49%

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18
Q

Frequency M-N+

A

White: 21%

African American: 26%

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19
Q

Frequency S+s-

A

White: 10%

African American: 6%

20
Q

Frequency S+s+

A

White: 42%

African American: 24%

21
Q

Frequency S-s+

A

White: 48%

African American: 68%

22
Q

Frequency S-s-

A

White:0%

African American: 2%

23
Q

What are the GYPA and GYPB antigen characteristics?

A
  • Single pass glycoprotein
  • AKA sialoglycoprotein
  • Glycosylated = sugar attached to an amino acid
  • 60% of RBC membrane carbohydrate (sialic acid)
  • Accounting for 80% of the net negative charge
  • 2-4% of the membrane protein
24
Q

What is the function of GPA on the membrane?

A

GPA associates with band 3, which affects the expression of Wrb of the DI system

25
Q

What is the function of GPB on the membrane?

A

GPB associates with Rh proteins and Rh-associated protein (RHAG).
Rh null cells have reduced S and s. (Serologically weak or negative)

26
Q

What are the most common MNS haplotypes

A

Ns > Ms > MS > NS

27
Q

What are characteristics of anti-M?

A

Naturally occurring
Seen in children with bacterial infections
IgM; 50% will have IgG
May be enhanced by lowering pH
Anti-M not reacting at 37C is not clinically significant

28
Q

What are the characteristics of anti-N?

A

Naturally occurring
IgM; rarely IgG
Not common because of ‘N’ present in most people
Anti-N not reacting at 37C is not clinically significant

29
Q

What are the characteristics of anti-S?

A

Can be naturally occurring
IgG
Can cause HDFN and TRN RXN
Can be enhance my incubating at room temp

30
Q

What are the characteristics of anti-s?

A

IgG
Can cause HFN and TRN RXN
May be enhanced by lowering pH to 6.0

31
Q

What is anti-Nf

A

RT, rarely 37
Not clinically significant for transfusion
Rare antibody found in patients (N+ or N-) dialyzed with equipment cleaned with formaldehyde
Trace formaldehyde can chemically modify the M and N antigens on the patient’s blood that goes through the dialysis equipment.

32
Q

What is anti-N lectin?

A

Nvg - made from the lectin Vicia graminea, which has anti-N specificity when diluted appropriately
When not diluted will react with GYPB - ‘N’

33
Q

Anti-U characteristics?

A

IgG reacts at IAT
Can cause TXN RXN and HDFN
Can be auto antibody
Most commonly found in blacks
Not all Anti-U are compatible with U negative RBC’s (seen in U variants)
Some can tolerate blood from Uvar donors
Patients who are also N negative can make anti-U and anti-N (Anti-GPB)

34
Q

What is Uvar?

A

16% of serological S-s- have U var
Uvar is a hybrid gene
Weak U antigen is detected absorption and elution
Can make anti-U

35
Q

What is MkMk phenotype?

A

Extremely rare phenotype (Mk is not a gene)
Caused by GYP*01N allele that produces no GPA or GPB.
Homozygous = Cells are M-N-S-s-U- ‘N’-, En(a-), Wr(a-b-)

36
Q

He (Henshaw)

A

Single amino acid change in GYPB produces low frequency antigen
Antithetical to ‘N’ – He positive cells do not express ‘N’

37
Q

Anti- M/N

HTR/HDFN

A

Very occasional cause of acute or delayed HTR

Very rare cause of HDFN

38
Q

Anti-S/s

HTR/HDFN

A

Have been implicated in HTRs and severe and fatal HDFN

39
Q

Mur

A

Low incidence antigen that is a result of cross over between GYPA and GYPB

40
Q

Mur frequency

A

Rare in European and African populations

Up to 7% in China and 10% in Thai populations

41
Q

Anti-Mur

A

extremely common in Southeast Asia

Causes severe HTRs and HDFN

42
Q

En^a

A

Located on glycophorin A

Not destroyed by enzyme treatment

43
Q

GPA null phenotype lacks what antigens

A

M-N-Ena-, Wr(a-b-)

44
Q

GPB lacking null phenotype

A

S-s-U-

45
Q

Lacking both GPA and GPB

A

MkMk

SBB Review (24 decks)

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