Mizrahi Jews Flashcards
In the 1990s, what % of upper income Israelis were Ashkenazi?
88%
What fraction of Arab Jews went to Israel?
Over 2/3
What fraction of Israeli Jews have MENA ancestry?
1/3-1/2
Who has criticised the label “Arab Jew”?
Ein-Gil and Machover
Who talked about the difficulty of pining down what it is to be Mizrahi?
Actor Yosef Shiloh
What does Shenhav argue about ethnic collectivities?
No clear boundaries - clear from discursive movement from category Sephardic to Mizrahim via oriental communities
What does Shohat argue about the difficulties in terminology?
Terminological crisis
What does Shohat argue about the circumstances under which AJ left?
Can’t homogenise reasons why they left
When do many Yemenites arrive?
1906-08
Who argues that Mizrahim have always been proportion to their share of world Jewry?
Peled - 10%
What distinction did Zionism make with its immigrants?
Between quality and quantity - idealistic workers vs foot soldiers of the Zionism campaign - quality to quantitative efforts
What happened in 1941?
Farhoud Riots
How many died in the Farhoud riots - where were they?
- Basra and Baghdad
What did the Iraqi government introduce in 1950?
Denial of citizenship to those registering to emigrate
How many left Iraq?
120,000/140,000
What suggests bitterness at the forced expulsion of Iraqi Jews?
Shenhav - when two Zionist activists are hanged, applauded by many in transit camps - god’s revenge
How many Jews were in Egypt?
80,000
What suggests that most Arab Jews in Egypt weren’t so embedded in Egyptian culture?
Most had colonial passports
What made the Jewish country in Egypt suspicious?
Lavon spying affair in 1854
What was proposed in the 1930s? P
Iraq/Palestine population transfer
Who tried to use Jewish property in Iraq against Palestinian demands for compensation?
Foreign minister Shertok
What was the purpose of the Sharon Plan?
Deal with underpopulation - use Arab Jews to populate sparsely populated areas.
What fraction of army commanders have been Mizrahi?
4/6
Who argues that in Israel the class struggle in an ethnic struggle?
Ram
In what schools was there ethnic separation?
Beit Ydakov girls’ schools
What’s the word for rabbinical emissaries?
Shadarut
What was the contradictory approach taken towards mixrahim’s religiosity?
Shenhav - from colonial point of view religiosity superficial, from national, was ancient and authentic
What does Kimmerling argue became integral to collective memory and identity?
Side-locks cut, no prayer, no skull caps
What opportunities were presented by religion according to Shenhav?
No choice but to be religious in odds to have a voice in the Zionist discourse
How have Shafir and Peled describe the citizenship of the Mizrahim?
Second class social citizenship - struggle to possess and master the rights they formally hold
How many lived in DTs by 2000?
800,000
What percentage interviews thought that DTs were discriminated against relative to kibbutz?
72%
Who takes a neo-Marxist POV, Arguing Mizrahim were settled in DTS as a source of cheap labour for rapidly growing economy?
Shafir and Peled
Who wrote “under the ground”?
Eli Eliahu
Who argues that Mizrahim were ostracised to a cultural ghetto?
Mendelson-Maoz
Who wrote about musical discrimination ?
Regev and Seroussi
WHo has written on the discrimination faced by Mizrahi women?
Dahan-Keller
What does Chetrit call those who works with the Israeli authorities?
Identifier collaborators
Who two means were there to penetrate the government?
Ashkenaziation and tokenism
Who argues that modern and more secular Jews often prospered?
Ben-rafael
Who argues the government did their best?
Adler
Who wrote an infamous 1949 article in Ha’aretz?
Arye Gelblum
Whose study focuses on portrayals of Mizrahi in films?
Arrakam
What happened in summer 1949?
Demonstration of 300 to TLV from Ramle
When was Wadi salib?
1959
How many acts of protest were there in DTs between 1960-95?
345
In which election rally was rhetoric particularly venomous?
1981
Name a famous Mizrahi poet
Sami Michael
What do Shafir and Peled argue about the shift in voting patterns in 1977?
Result of combination of structural and ideological factors - structural changes in economy, reduced dependency on LSM institutions for employment and social services, new generation of voters, government induced recession (mitun), flow of Arab workers, failure in wars
By how many votes did Begin win?
10,000
How many seats did Mizrahi give Likud in 1977?
32/43
Which two historians hav focussed on Shas?
Lehman and siebzehner
who emphasises shas’s hybridity?
Tessler
In which election campaign did Shas play the ethnic card?
1999
How many seats did Shas win in 1999?
17
Who argues that Mizrahi Jews could be key to settling a comprehensive peace?
Behar
In 2003, what % voted right-wing compared to 56% statewide?
74.5%
What percentage support population transfer?
12%
What percentage of settlers are first or second generational Mizrahi?
40%
Who have attributed right wing popularity to tendency to appeal to irrational and traditional cultures?
Shamir and Aran
Why do Yiftachel and Tzfadie argue Mizrahi vote right wing?
Settler society - nationalism as political capital
What percentage define themselves as Zionist?
95%
What group campaigns for Mizrahi rights?
Mizrahi democratic rainbow
What percentage of a 4000 page Zionist history book was devoted to the history of the AJ?
2.5%
Whose slogan in the 1980s was “stand tall”?
Tami
What book focuses on the trauma of the transit camp?
Ballas’s The Transit Camp 1964
Who argues that socioeconomic disadvantages today are the result of class not ethnicity?
Ein-Gil and Machover
