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Israel, the Arab World and the Palestinians > End Of Mandate > Flashcards

End Of Mandate Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Anglo-American Committee? What did it conclude?

A

April 1946. Immediate admission of 100,000 Holocaust Survivors; abolition of restrictions on Jewish land purchases

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2
Q

What happened in May 1946?

A

Pan-Arabic Summit, Cairo - denounced Zionism

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3
Q

What fraction of the UN would have been made up of Arab States with the membership of TJ?

A

1/8

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4
Q

What did a June 1946 summit conclude in Syria?

A

Political, economic, cultural sanctions against USA and Britain if Anglo-American Committee recommendations implemented

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5
Q

Why does Karsh criticise the Arabs for imposing an indefinite boycott on the import of Jewish goods?

A

70,000 Arabs worked in Jewish industries

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6
Q

When was the Arab League created?

A

March 1945

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7
Q

What does Karsh argue about Arab unity?

A

Inter-Arab rivalries, hatred, ambitions

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8
Q

What was a major internal division between Arab States?

A

Hashemite-Saudi

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9
Q

How does Karsh summarise Arab states’ attitudes or approach to partition/diplomacy?

A

Attitude of trying to get 100%, not giving 1%

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10
Q

What did Iraq warn other Arab States about?

A

Lack of political commitment and military preparedness

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11
Q

What demand was rejected in April 1946?

A

Backing for resumption of violence by Arab Higher Committee and for establishment of Palestinian government in exile

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12
Q

How many troops did the AHC request?

A

100,000

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13
Q

How much did the Arab States promise the AHC?

A

£250,000 - £7m today

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14
Q

What happened in December 1946?

A

22nd Zionist congress

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15
Q

What did the 1946 Zionist congress conclude?

A

Rejected any arrangement that might postpone the establishment of a Jewish state

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16
Q

What plan did the British propose in 1946?

A

Partition of Palestine into four autonomous but not independent entities

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17
Q

When did Bevin announce the decision to refer the Palestinian question to the UN?

A

February 1947

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18
Q

Who does Karsh accuse of scaremongering?

A

British - tried to warn of implications of establishment of a Jewish state

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19
Q

What evidence does Karsh use to suggest the veiled anti-semitism/aggressiveness of the Arab States?

A

Arab spokesperson at UN - warning of potential war between two races

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20
Q

Why does khalidi argue the comparison with India is not accurate?

A

More fair and equitable in India - between two peoples with own territorial bases

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21
Q

Which public figure was involved in both partitions?

A

sir Reginald Coupland

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22
Q

By end of 1940s, how many men/women could the haganah raise?

A

50,000

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23
Q

Which group focussed on assassinations?

A

Stern Gang

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24
Q

Why doeS Segev argue the British were unable to suppress Zionist terrorism?

A

Didn’t apply same level of brute force as against the Arabs - but also urban terrorism more difficult to suppress, more organised, intelligence not as good due to few Hebrew speakers

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25
Q

How can Britains intervention in the economy be summarised?

A

Non interventionist but intervened to the extent that it served imperial interests

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26
Q

What concessions did the British give the zionists?

A

Dead Sea works, salt production, electricity

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27
Q

What did the Anglo American committee recommend regarding partition?

A

Quashed idea completely

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28
Q

Name a British and American figure who supported the zionists in the Anglo American committee?

A

Crum (USA) and Cunningham (pro partition especially)

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29
Q

Who argues that partition was profoundly unpopular amongst British and a-a committee c.1946?

A

Golani

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30
Q

What was “truman’s victory”?

A

100,000 holocaust survivors to be sent to Palestine

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31
Q

In what ways was the Anglo-American committee vague?

A

Temporary continuation of Mandate until end of Jewish Arab enmity; trusteeship vague; actions to raise Arabs’ standard of living; demand JA cooperate to suppress terrorism and illegal immigration

32
Q

What was an absolute PR disaster for the British?

A

Exodus - hamburg. 5000

33
Q

What does Karsh argue about the British?

A

Argues they were hostile

34
Q

How did Hall suggest the British could meet their commitments?

A

Local/provincial autonomy - continued authority of mandate

35
Q

Why does Golani argue British opinions were important?

A

Determined policy but also influenced positions taken by Parties to the conflict

36
Q

When was the UNSCOP vote?

A

27 November 1947

37
Q

Why are the differences between the majority and minority UNSCOP recommends not so drastic?

A

Minority plan recommend federative system with large degree of autonomy. Major difference - immigration. Did not want two hostile states.

38
Q

Who argues that the eventual partition plan was a compromise between two ideological strands?

A

Ben-Dror

39
Q

What did UNSCOP prioritise in its thinking?

A

Rights over facts

40
Q

Who has emphasised the impact of Exodus on UNSCOP’s conclusions?

A

Morris

41
Q

What countries were threatened and intimidated into supporting the majority plan?

A

Greece and Liberia - foreign aid and rubber embargo

42
Q

How did Cohen view UNSCOP?

A

Western civilisation’s gesture of repentance for holocaust

43
Q

What percentage of the land was allocated to the Jewish State?

A

55%

44
Q

What was a major Zionist success in terms of the land allocated?

A

Inclusion of Naqab

45
Q

How big was the Arab minority in the Jewish state?

A

40% - effectively binational state

46
Q

Arab owned more land than Jews - but where and by how much?

A

In every district a majority and lend more land, including Jaffa (including TLV)

47
Q

What % of land was owned by Jews and Arabs?

A

5.8% and 85%

48
Q

What was UNSCOP honest about?

A

That Palestinian right to self-determination was subordinate to intention of creating a JNH

49
Q

What did Arab representatives present as an alternative? What did UNSCOP dismiss it as?

A

Unitary state with democratic constitution and elected legislative assembly. “An extreme position”

50
Q

How big was the Jewish minority in the Arab state?

A

10,000 out of 700,000

51
Q

How many refugees were created as a result of the Indian partition?

A

15m

52
Q

Did the Arab States take UNSCOP seriously?

A

No - so many recommendations and committees - did not see it as anything different

53
Q

How does W Khalidi view UNSCOP and the Zionists’ approach?

A

Green light to launch long-contemplated delayed conquest of Palestine

54
Q

What disguised the zionists’ strength in the first phase of fighting?

A

Guerrilla warfare

55
Q

What is the biggest legacy of UNSCOP?

A

Principle of partition as solution

56
Q

Who blames the UN for the chaos that ensued?

A

Hammond

57
Q

Why was UNSCOP not a compromise?

A

Compromise involves mutual concessions - certain symmetry

58
Q

What does khalidi use to suggest the expansionism inherent in zionists’ acceptance of UNSCOP?

A

1937 avvnir plan - haganah

59
Q

Who argues that the Zionist had an aggressive mindset and self-confidence?

A

Golani

60
Q

What is decontextualised in discussions of zionists’ response to partition plan?

A

Jewish terrorism of 1940s

61
Q

What does Golani argue about the zionists’ acceptance of partition of Jerusalem ?

A

Continuation of single political concept which evolved post-Peel - could not be held at all costs, special problem requiring innovative solution, Control of Jerusalem key to Jewish sovereignty

62
Q

Who emphasises the contacts between UNSCOP and the zionists?

A

Ben-Dror

63
Q

Where did a meeting take place between Zionist representatives and UNSCOP members?

A

Shertok’s apartment in Tlv - 14 th July

64
Q

What was the demographic breakdown of the Naqab?

A

100,000+ Arabs and 1000 Jews

65
Q

Who argues that partition was “the public Zionist mainstream demand of the moment”?

A

Khalidi

66
Q

Who points to Ben gurion’s doctrine of gradual implementation?

A

Teveth

67
Q

When did BG warn about the demographic threat posed?

A

Central Committee of Histadrut meeting days after

68
Q

How does Shlaim argue the fake acceptance of unscop?

A

Met abdullah 12 days before UNSCOP decided fate

69
Q

Who presented a minority report for a federal state?

A

Six Palestinians to Yugoslav UNSCOP rep

70
Q

What legal objections did Arab delegations raise?

A

Requested that ICJ be asked for opinion on various subjects including whether partition was consistent with objectives and provisions of mandate, of UN charter

71
Q

Who argued that UNSCOP plan could only be recommended by force?

A

US ambassador to UN Austin

72
Q

What fraction of exports were citrus?

A

80% pre WWII

73
Q

What percentage of Palestinian industry and major sources of electricity fell within the Jewish state?

A

40%

74
Q

Why does Bickerton argue some Arabs supported partition?

A

Didn’t trust motives of other Arab States

75
Q

Who argues that partition loses popularity over the century?

A

Benvenisti

76
Q

What UN resolution advocated partition?

A

181 - 29 November

77
Q

When was Israel admitted to the UN? What was discussed?

A

May 1949 A talks of repatriation of 100,000 triggers

Israel, the Arab World and the Palestinians (18 decks)

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