British Mandate Flashcards
Why should we study the British Mandate, from the perspective of British policy?
Formative period - contours of the conflict today. Situation at the end was the product of British policies. Also impact on self-perceptions and histories. Shaped consciousness of populations.
Who has stressed the harmful legacy of collective punishment and violence of the Mandate?
Hughes
In what Memorandum was it acknowledged that “no self-respecting Arab could accept” the White Paper (1922) policy?
Devonshire Memorandum
How does Shapira label the 1920s?
‘Days of Small Deeds’.
What was the context in which the British decided to abandon the Mandate?
Weakened global position; waning of Empire; collapse of political will to remain; exigencies of bankrupt exchequer; withdrawal from India; reconfiguration of interests in Cold War period
Who argues that Britain was attempting to reconcile the irreconcilable, caught in a triangular trap of its own making?
Renton
Who argues that the Mandate could be seen as a success from the perspective of the Zionists?
McTague
What does Fieldhouse argue about the Mandate?
Greatest failure in the whole history of British imperial rule
Why does Antonius compare the Mandate to Ireland?
Obstinate persistance in unwanted policy and same blindness to writing on the wall
What does Wasserstein argue about British policy?
Roots of conflict already there - little British could have done to deflect opposing forces from collision course. Essential nature of conflict.
What does Segev argue about relations between the Zionists and Military Administration?
Cordial relations - if any conflict, was one of egos
What does Huneidi argue determined policy during the Military Administration?
Hague Conventions 1899 and 1907
Who have pointed to the inherent contradictions between the Mandate and JNH? What exactly were these contradictions?
Herbert and Fuchs. Preservation (‘sacred trust of civilisation’) vs. JNH which represented modernist, aggressive development, cosmopolitanism
What does Jawharriyeh remember Allenby letting slip in Jerusalem at Christmas?
“Only now have the crusades ended”
Who stresses the fact that the British were restricted in what they could achieve by international oversight? Example?
Pedersen e.g. could not curb immigration - counter to terms of mandate
Which politician criticised the exclusion of Palestinians from the terms of the Mandate? “Even the poor Arabs are only allowed to look through the keyhole as a non-Jewish community”.
Lord Curzon
Why does Huneidi argue the British could not accept the Mandate?
Violated their national rights - self-determination
What did the Mandate specify the British had to facilitate?
The political, economic, administrative conditions to help establish JNH
Who argues that the Mandate was a bigger achievement than the BD?
Yapp
What clause of the Mandate referred to the Jewish Agency to safeguard Jewish interests?
Article 4
Which article of the Mandate referred to the facilitation of Jewish immigration?
Article 6
Who argues that anti-Semitism was irrelevant and that there was a convergence of interests between Zionists and British?
Golani
What does Renton argue about the Mandate as a document?
Stresses that unlike BD it was legally binding and commitments are more far-reaching. e.g. refers to securing not facilitating establishment of JNH.
What does Renton argue was the main problem with BD/Mandate?
Vagueness and ambiguity of terminology - useful as propaganda but unhelpful as foundation of governance
Who points to the different motivations between BD and Mandate/decision to persevere?
Matthew - of no interest in itself - strategic
When did the House of Lords vote in favour of radical modification of Palestine undertakings?
1922 - 60 vs. 29
Why does Huneidi argue the British stuck to its pro-Zionist policy?
Question of honour, self-respect, consistency
