MIXED CRYOGLOBINEMIA

Question 1

What causes cryoglobinemia?

Answer 1

CIRCULATING IMMUNOGLOBULINS THAT PRECIPITATE ON COOLING & RESOLUBILIZE ON WARMING

Question 2

What are the 3 disease conditions associated with Cryoglobulinemia?

Answer 2

1. HCV
2. Collagen vascular disease
3. Lymphoproliferative diseases

Question 3

What are the 3 types of cryoglobinemia based on the nature of circulating immunoglobulins?

Answer 3

Type 1, 2, 3

Question 4

Single monoclonal immunoglobulin is found in what type of cryoglobinemia?

Answer 4

Type 1

Question 5

Mixed croglobulins containing at least 2 immunoglobulins is found in which types of cryoglobinemia?

Answer 5

TYPE 2&3

Question 6

What type of cryoglobinemia is associated with associated with Waldenström macroglobulinemia?

Answer 6

TYPE 1

Question 7

What type of cryoglobinemia where a monoclonal immunoglobulin (IgMκ in more than 90%) is directed against polyclonal IgG and has rheumatoid factor activity?

Answer 7

Type 2

Question 8

What type of Cryoglobinemia wherein the antiglobulin is polyclonal in nature with both polyclonal IgG and IgM?

Answer 8

Type 3

Question 9

What infection does the majority of patients with type 2 & 3mixed cryoglobulins have?

Answer 9

HCV

Question 10

What is a characteristic laboratory finding found in all types of cryoglobinemia?

Answer 10

• HYPOCOMPLEMENTEMIA
• LOW C4

Question 11

What is the major cause of cryoglobulin production in mixed cryoglobinemia?

Answer 11

HCV

Question 12

In patients with severe renal disease, in those with digital necrosis from the cryoglobulins, and in those with life-threatening organ involvement, what can be given in combination with steroids and cytotoxics?

Answer 12

PLASMAPHERESIS