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Dusk 146 > Mitch test > Flashcards

Mitch test Flashcards

1
Q

What does WHMIS mean?

A

Workplace hazardous material information system

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2
Q

3 common sources of thermal energy

A

mechanical chemical electrical energy

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3
Q

When Do you call PAR?

A

When do you call PAR?
Timing and frequency may depend on the situation and needs of the incident. In addition,
a PAR must be provided when or if the following events occur:
• When entering a building
• When exiting a building
• Whenever Command asks for it
 Example: Command will request a PAR from sector officers following
a “Mayday” being initiated over the radio

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4
Q

The two water entry suits available for EFRS are:

A

Immersion ice rescue suit - Mustang Ice Commander

Dry suit - water rescue -
Kokatat GFER
Mustang Sentinal

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5
Q

Who is responsible for approving 1 & 2 consecutive shifts?

A

Senior Station Captain

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6
Q

Personal webbing is ___ color. with a breaking strength of ___kn. it is __mm wide and __ meters long. it should be secured in the __ __ __ of your ___ ___ and tied together using a __ __

A 
orange
17.5
25mm 
6 m 
ride leg pocket
protective trousers (bunker pants)
ring bend
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7
Q

Notices and bulletins are generally located in the ___ and in the ___

A

Kitchen

Captains office

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8
Q

What is the minimum staffing for EFRS?

A

198 members per shift

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9
Q

4 steps to perform a ff drag?

A

 Find their personal webbing
 Re-adjust their harness
 Position the sling for the firefighter drag
 Attach your own sling to further complete the dragging harness

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10
Q

Describe PACCAN

A 
Pass alarm
air
 ommunicate
conditions
actions
needs
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11
Q

on board water capacity of efrs units

A 
mule       250
ladder.     1134
atp.           1442
pump.        1817
quints.         1818
tanker.            4500
super tank.     13500
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12
Q

What should the FF know about the station printer?

A

Location of the printer
Ensure sufficient paper is available How to load paper
Ensure that the printer is on-line

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13
Q

3 types of utility rope

A

walk up apartments drop bag 20m 10mm Nylon double braided

guideline (life line) coils 30 m 6mm N/fiber kernmantle

Heavy utility rope 45m 16mm Nylon double braided

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14
Q

____ is a reaction that emulsifies the oil to form a type of soap that floats on the surface of the oil and prec

A

saponication

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15
Q

What are the 4 stages of a fire development?

A

Incipient
Growth
Full developed
Decay

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16
Q

___ ___Is the temperature at which sufficient vapors are being generated to sustain the combustion reaction

A

Fire Point

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17
Q

T/F a leg lock is an acceptable substitute for the ladder belt

A

F

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18
Q

Who is responsible for ensuring members do not exceed a total of ___ shifts traded?

A

22 Platoon Chief

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19
Q

What are the 3 lvls of Fire ground organization?

A

 Strategic levels – these are command functions
 Tactical levels – these are sector functions
 Task levels – these are the tasks of the fire fighters within a sector.

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20
Q

__ __ a form of oxidation, is a chemical reaction that increases the temperature of a material without the addition of external heat

A

Self Heating

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21
Q

2 types of hydrant supply?

A

dead end hydrant

circulating loop hydrant

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22
Q

T-Codes
___ - Training, not available to respond
___ - Fire Inspections
___ - Community events, available to respond
___ - Training, Available to respond
___ - Community events, not available to respond
___ - Equipment maintence and testing

A

T-CODES
TO1 – Training, available to respond
TO2 – Training, not available to respond
TO3 – Equipment maintenance and testing
TO4 – Fire inspections
TO5 – Community event, available to respond
TO6 – Community event, not available to respond

 Notify Dispatch of
your status when the
activity is initiated,
and when you have
returned to service
after the activity is
completed
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23
Q

Hand held port fore extinguishers can weigh a max of _____ kg in size

A

25 kg

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24
Q

What are the 4 categories of hazards to fire hose?

A

Mechanical
chemical
thermal
organic

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25
Q

a class ____ extinguisher which would be used on cloth or paper products, has identifiers such as a ____ symbol, _______ in color. its rating is identified through the extinguishment of wood crib of ____ pieces of ___ x ___ x _____ cm boards. Each crib that size qualifies the extinguisher with a ___ ____ rating which is also equivalent to ___ litres of water. knowing this info one can rate a backpack extinguisher which carries ____ litres of water to a ___ ___ rating.

A

A triangle green. 50. 5x5x50. 1A 5 litres. 20 litres. 4 A

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26
Q

What is EFRS vision statement

A

To make Edmonton a safer, more livable city by providing the best fire rescue
services in North America.

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27
Q

fire hydrant flow and nfpa color codes

A

Blue/black/silver. >5700
Green. 3800-5700
yellow/orange. 1900-3800
red. <1900

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28
Q

7 Components of ICAW

A 
Accountability
Outline of the emergency site plan
Plan of attack
Progress
Available resources
Transfer of command
Final report
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29
Q

What is the environmental standard that the city of Edmonton uses and what are the three components?

A

ISO 14001

CPR - Continual Environmental Improvement
Pollution Prevention
Regulatory Compliance

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30
Q

All members shall not?

A

All Members Shall Not
 Engage in any activity that is detrimental to the department.
 Engage in a conflict of interest to the department
 Use their position with the department for personal gain or influence.
 Fight.
 Abuse their sick leave.
 Steal.
 Use alcoholic beverages, debilitating drugs, or any substance which could impair their
physical or mental capabilities while on duty.
 Engage in any sexual activity while on duty.

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31
Q

a __ ___ label which can be found ___ rungs below the tip or below the ___ rung of any one section, changes to a (lighter/darker) when exposed to temperatues measuring __ celsius +/-___ degrees

A

heat sensor 2 center darker color 149 degrees 5 degrees

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32
Q

Define Disorientation

A

Disorientation is the state of having lost the sense of time, place, or identity. Like
claustrophobia, disorientation can bring on a panic state, and like claustrophobia, it can
be countered. It is not unusual that we fear disorientation.

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33
Q

Hose testing standard

A

44 2100 kpa 3min
65 2100
125 1400

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34
Q

Three methods of requesting EFRS?

A

Telephone - 911
Radio
Walk-in

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35
Q

In regards to high temps, what are 3 types of injuries?

A

Thermal burns
respiratory burns
heat stress resulting in cardiovascular collapse

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36
Q

T/F gate valve hydrants take 20+ turns to open?

A

f

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37
Q

4 Variables of a flashover

A

Ceiling height
compartment size
Ventilation
Insulating qualities

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38
Q

Each Platoon works ___ days rotating shifts of ___days, ___ nights, ___days off,___days___nights,___days off.

A

16,2,2,2,2,2,6

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39
Q

Name 9 rules for rope usage?

A

 DO NOT STEP ON THE ROPE.
 Protect the rope at abrasion points.
 Do not overload a rope.
 NEVER TOW A VEHICLE with a life safety rope.
 Do not over bend a rope – strive to maintain a bend radius of 4 times the rope
diameter.
 Do not leave knots tied in a stored rope (unless they are left loosely tied).
 Store ropes using appropriate methods.
 Protect a rope from falling objects.
 Protect the rope from sources of high heat

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40
Q

4 resp hazards that ff wil face?

A

02 deficiency
High temp
smoke
toxins

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41
Q

How many stations are currently active?

A

28

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42
Q

What are 5 reasons to call MAYDAY

A

 If you feel you’re in a compromised position
 If you find a downed firefighter or a member of your crew goes down.
 If you or your crew are caught in flashover, backdraft, or explosion
 You become tangled or pinned and self rescue has not worked in 60 seconds.
 If you or a member of your crew has fallen through a floor or roof.
 Your primary exit is blocked and you are unable to reach secondary exit in 60
seconds.
 Your or a member of your crews, low air alarm activation and you are unable to
reach an exit or window in 30 seconds.
 You have become lost or separated from your crew and you are unable to find
exit.
 Disoriented and unable to find exit in 60 seconds
 Entrapment with low air alarm activating

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43
Q

What is in our hydrant kit (including # of each item)

A 
2 storz wrenchs
1 adjustible hydrant wrench
1 combination wrench
1 banner guard
1 butterfly key
1 rubber mallet
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44
Q

__ __ is the tendency of gases to form into layers according to temperature.

A

Thermal Layering

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45
Q

Define Combustion?

A

Combustion defined is a chemical process of oxidization that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of either a glow or a flame

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46
Q

The pass alarm will go into alarm after ______ seconds of inactivity and go into full alarm after an additional ____ seconds

A

20

10

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47
Q

fire hydrant 4 service rings color and meaning

A

White - fd use only
blue - hydrant in use (with permission)
orange - out of service (non operational)
green - under construction (do not use - no water)

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48
Q

Name the 4 benchmark Fire Command must achieve are?

A

Primary Search Complete
Fire Under Control
Secondary Search Complete
Fire Out

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49
Q

9 sections of MSDS?

A
  1. Product Identification & Use
    The name and intended use of the product. The name and address of the producer
    and/or supplier; must be the same as shown on the supplier label.
  2. Hazardous Ingredients:
    The names, concentration and other details of known hazardous ingredients in the
    product. As well as other ingredients which the employer or supplier suspects may be
    hazardous, or whose dangers to the body are unknown.
  3. Physical Data
    The properties of the material in the product, such as physical state, pH, smell,
    appearance, specific gravity, and vapor density, freezing point, etc.
  4. Fire and Explosion Data
    The flash point, ignition temperatures, UEL, LEL, and other similar data as well as
    the means to extinguish the burning product.
  5. Reactivity Data
    Details of the materials stability, incompatibility with other material and reactions to
    conditions such as light, heat, moisture, and vibration. As well as any hazardous
    products produced by decomposition of the material.
  6. Toxicological Properties
    Details as to the routes of entry into the body as well as the acute and chronic adverse
    health effects from exposure to the material.
  7. Preventative Measures
    Instructions for the safe storage, handling, use of, and disposal of the hazardous
    material. Will describe the required personal protective equipment, engineering
    controls and any special shipping information.
  8. First-Aid Measures
    Instructions for the initial treatment of those who have been exposed the material.
  9. Preparation Information
    The name and telephone number of the person or company who prepared the MSDS
    information and the date of the preparation.
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50
Q

5 factors that affect woods reaction to heat and fire?

A 
 Density of the wood
 Size and form of wood
 Moisture content
 Rate of preheating
 Ignition source.
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51
Q

Ff can be exposed to loud noises in 3 locations?

A

 Fire station activity.
 Responding to calls.
 At the emergency scene.

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52
Q

What are the 3 ties groups and briefly describe them?

A

Hitches - defined as a configuration of a rope that needs an object within to retain its integrity

bends - Defined as a tie that is used to join two pieces of rope, or webbing, together

knots - defined as a rope intertwined within itself to form a predetermined configuration

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53
Q

What are the 3 basic configuration in a rope?

A

loop- the rope crosses itself to form a circle

round turn- the rope is wrapped two or more times on itself

bight - a section of the rope doubled on itself without crossing itself

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54
Q

A fire cut would typically by found on which type of construction?

A

Type III ORdinary construction

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55
Q

T/F the siamese wye connection and gated wye all have the same unit loss

A

T

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56
Q

How much Hi-Vol is stored on what trucks?

A

20 lengths - Pump
15 Lengths - Tanker
9 Lengths - Ladder
4 Lengths - Quint

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57
Q

The hold down clip and thumb delease tab are designed to break at ____ Ibs of force

A

50

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58
Q

Ladder placement

Roof access
position the ladder with _ _ rungs above the roof line or balcony railing

Ventilations
Position the ladder on the ___ side of the window, ladder tip ___ with the top of the window

Hose stream
Position the ladder directly in ___ of the window with the tip on the wall ___ the top of the window

Entry/egress/rescue
(small window) position the ladder tio ___ or just below the window sill in the ___ of the window

(Large window or conscious patient) position the ladder so 2 or rungs are ___ the room and ___ the window sill

A

Roof access
3-5

Ventilations
Upwind - even

Hose Stream
front - above

Entry/Egress/rescue
even - middle
inside - above

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59
Q

In N-95, N means ____ _____ ______ ____ and 95 means ____% ______

A

Not resistant to oil

95 Filter efficiency

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60
Q

In regards to fire extinguishers, list the color and symbol used with each class fir

A

A - Triangle - green - wood,cloth paper
B - square - red - oils and greases flam comb liquids
C - circle - blue - fires involving energized electrical
D - star - yellow - comb metals
K - - - commercial cooking units involving vegetable or animal oils and fats

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61
Q

A full scba is at _____ but requires refilling at _______ or lower. scba may require maintenance if there is a ___to______ psi difference in pressure between the cylinder and chest mounted guage. also, the high pressure decreases the incoming cylinder pressure down to _____ to ___ psi and the E-z flow regulator reduces to ____ to _____ psi. lastly, the vibra alarm goes off at ____ psi

A

4500 - 3600 300-400. 85-110

.8 - 1.5 psi. 1200 psi

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62
Q

What are the 3 parts of the rope and briefly explain them?

A
  1. The Working end: The end used to form a tie.
  2. The Standing part: The part of the rope used for the descent or ascent
  3. the Running End: The unused rope left in the bag
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63
Q

What are the 3 methods used to gain information during a size up?

A

 Visual Factors: Information Fire Command can see from the command post
• Type of building – construction, occupancy, obvious outside hazards.
• Location, volume, velocity, density, and color of the smoke coming from
the structure
• Weather
 Reconnaissance Factors: Information received from other officers on the scene,
or others assigned specifically to get information requested by command
• Crews inside the structure will relay fire, smoke, & heat conditions to
Command
• Information that is gathered by crews from occupants exiting the structure,
bystanders, and other non-departmental services involved in the event.
 Pre-Fire Assessment Factors: Pre-fire planning information that is
determined in advance of the incident.
• Pre-fire planning information gathered from pre-fire inspections will afford
information such as life hazards, numbers and locations of occupants,
access to the structure, floor plans, and the nature of interior and exterior
exposures.

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64
Q

When a tie is applied to rope, the rope will lose __% of its strength. IF the rope is wet, the rope will lose an addition __ to __ % of its strength. (are those two facts cumulative Y/N)

A

30 10-15 Y

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65
Q

List all 10 PPE for structural ff?

A
  1. Fire Helmet
  2. Flash Hood
  3. Protective Coat (Bunker coat)
  4. Protective Trousers (Bunker pants)
  5. Firefighter Gloves
  6. Firefighting Boots
  7. Eye Protection
  8. Hearing Protection
  9. Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) complete with PASS alarm
  10. Face Piece
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66
Q

What are the 6 classes of WHMIS?

A

Class A – Compressed Gas
A substance, that at room temperature (200
C) is in a gaseous state and
kept under pressure.
Class B – Flammable and Combustible Material
A solid, liquid, or gas, that will ignite and continue to burn if exposed to flame. This
class includes six divisions:
• Division 1 – Flammable Gas
• Division 2 – Flammable Liquid
• Division 3 – Combustible Liquid (flash point >37.80
C)
• Division 4 – Flammable Solid
• Division 5 – Flammable Aerosol
• Division 6 – Reactive Flammable Material
Class C – Oxidizing Material
This is a substance that will cause another substance to burn.
Class D – Poisonous & Infectious Material
A substance that may cause acute or chronic toxic effects of varying levels. This class
includes three divisions.
Division 1 – Materials that cause immediate and harmful effects
including death, within a short period of time after exposure.
Division 2 – Materials that cause other toxic effects over days,
months or years after one or more exposures. Materials causing
cancer are included in this division.
Division 3 – Bio hazardous infectious material or organisms that
may cause serious infectious diseases.
School/recruits/manual/01 March 2016 Page 11
Class E – Corrosive Material
A substance that will erode steel or aluminum or destroy animal tissues.
Class F – Dangerously Reactive Material
A substance that will react with water to produce poisonous gas or will
undergo a reaction if the container is heated, pressurized, or agitated.

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67
Q

define flow pressure
static pressure
residual pressure
normal consumption pressure

A

 Static Pressure – pressure of the water when it is not moving.
 Normal Operating Pressure - pressures within water distribution system during
normal consumption demands.
 Residual Pressure - total available pressure not used to overcome friction or gravity when water is flowing through system.
 Flow Pressure - forward velocity pressure at any discharge opening.

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68
Q

Definition of Flashover?

A

flashover defined is a very rapid transition from local burning of the contents within a compartment to widespread burning of all exposed fuels within that compartment.

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69
Q

What are the 4 org principles and briefly describe them?

A

Discipline
Discipline refers to an organization’s responsibility to provide the direction needed to
satisfy the goals and objectives of the organization. This direction may come in the
form of rules, regulations, or policies, to define the limits or boundaries for expected
performance. The rules of the organization must be clearly written and presented.
Discipline within the Edmonton Fire rescue Service is defined within the Standard
Operating Procedures (SOP’s) and the Standard Operating Guidelines (SOG’s).

Unity of Command
The chain of command is the pathway of responsibility from the highest to the lowest
level of the department. The chain of command operates based on Unity of command,
 The principle that a person can report to only one officer (supervisor).
 Directly, each subordinate reports to their designated officer.
 Indirectly, everyone reports to the fire chief through the chain of command. (See
fire/rescue operations flow chart)

Span of Control
The chain of command is coordinated and maintained by a span of control.
Span of control is defined as:
 The number of personnel one individual can effectively manage.
 A rule of thumb in the fire service is that an officer can directly supervise
three to seven firefighters, or functional units, effectively.
• A functional unit could be a staffed fire apparatus (pump, rescue, ladder,
tanker) or a task force (a group of similar apparatus).

Division of Labour
Division of Labour is the dividing of large operations into smaller manageable tasks.
These small tasks are then assigned to specific individuals. Division of labour is
necessary in the fire service for the following reasons:
 Safety and accountability of personnel
 To prevent duplication of effort.
 To define specific and clear –cut assignments.
 To assign responsibility for the tasks outlined

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70
Q

What 2 elements are vital to any emergency communication?

A

Time and Accuracy

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71
Q

The Chief of the EFRS, ___ ____ is supported by ____ deputy chief and following the chain of command is indirectly supported by ___ Platoon Chiefs and ___ District Chief.

A

Ken Block, 5, 4, 20

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72
Q

Define Fire?

A

Fire defined is a rapid oxidization process, which is a chemical reaction resulting in the evolution of light and heat in varying intensities

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73
Q

Ropes - widths and breaking strength

A 
6mm             9.7Kn
8                 14KN
9                 16Kn
11.1               27Kn
13              46Kn
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74
Q

Name 4 uses for the hasty sling

A

Hasty Harness
used as a foot purchase for FF ladder safety
Hose drag
Patient ladder rescue

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75
Q

What does CAD stand for?

A

Computer aided dispatch

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76
Q

Definition of hydraulics

A

The study of fluids at rest and in motion

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77
Q

SOPS are considered the ___ of the ___. They use words such as ___ and ___

A

Laws dept

Must and will

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78
Q

ROT for head pressure is ___kpa for every __m above the pumper or for __ __ above the pumper __ kpa is added to the pump pressure

A

10kpa 1m

every floor 35kpa

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79
Q

Name 2 psychological effects that can result in vision obscured environments

A

disorientation

claustrophobia

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80
Q

What are 3 components of WHMIS

A

Labels
MSDS material safety data sheets
Worker education

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81
Q

3 types of mechanical energy and briefly describe them

A

Adiabatic Compression
• Adiabatic compression is the generation of heat when a gas is
compressed.
SCBA bottles become warm after they have been filled because air has
been compressed in them. If a flammable mixture is compressed rapidly,
the heat produced by the compression may raise the temperature of the
mixture to its ignition point. Diesel engines utilise the principle of
adiabatic compression to ignite fuel vapour.

Friction
• The heat that results from two or more surfaces rubbing together may reach a point where
enough heat is produced to become a source of ignition.
The belt rubbing on the wheel of a motor is an example of heat created by friction.

Friction Sparks
• Friction sparks include the sparks which result from the
impact of two hard surfaces, at least one of which is
usually metal.

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82
Q

When inflating the RDC the operator must ensure that the fill valves are placed OPEN/CLOSED position which is accomplishing by turning them CLOCKWISE/COUNTERCLOCKWISE

A

Closed

clockwise

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83
Q

In our SOG #2C - 6.50 Version 4 what is in our Order of dress #3?

A

Shoes, socks, pants, red tunic, dress cap

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84
Q

T/F The first arriving district Chief must assume the role of IC

A

False
The first arriving District Chief must assume the role of Safety Officer. The Safety
Officer is responsible for the safety of overall site safety, including all on scene
emergency responders.

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85
Q

What is PAR? When do you have it?

A

Personnel Accountability Report (PAR)

When do you have PAR?
You can touch, see (line of sight) or hear your crew members then you are considered to
have PAR.

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86
Q

Definition of Ventilation?

A

Ventilation, as applied to firefighting, is the planned and systematic, release and removal of heated air, smoke, and toxic gases from a confined area and the controlled replacement of these products of combustion with a supply of cooler, fresh air.

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87
Q 
5 Gold Bars -
4 Gold Bars -
3 Gold Bars -
2 Gold Bars -
2 Silver Bars -
Fire Chief
Deputy Chief
Platoon Chief
District Chief
Captain Fire Rescue
Chief of Special Ops
Fire Marshall
Chief of Training
Assistant Fire Marshall
Chief of Services
Captain Fire Investigations
Training Officer
Captain Fire Prevention
Chief of logistics and services
Chief of investigations
Chief of Dispatch
Assistant Training Chief
Dispatch Captain
A 
5 Gold - 1
4 Gold - 1
3 Gold - 6
2 Gold - 4
2 Silver - 5
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88
Q

A major Crew is defined as _____

A

1 officer and 2 or more firefighters

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89
Q

A collapse zone is __ times the height of the building

A

1.5

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90
Q

What are the duties of small gate and big gate?

A 
Big gate position
Duties of Big Gate for the purpose of laying
a supply line in a forward lay.
1. Safely dismount the apparatus wearing
all PPE carrying a radio.
2. Remove the hydrant gate from the
rear of the apparatus.
3. Wrap 125 mm hose around the hydrant.
4. Stand on the hose and signal small gate
when ready.
5. When the apparatus is stopped or when
it is safe to do so, remove steamer cap
from hydrant.
6. Inspect the barrel of hydrant and
connect gate.
7. Ensure that the drain valve on hydrant
gate is in the open position.
8. Radio or signal driver or sector officer
that you are ready to turn on the
hydrant.
9. Open hydrant when ordered by driver
or sector officer, close drain valve.
10. Gather tools, remove kinks in the hose
and report to your officer for
reassignment.
Small gate position
Duties of Small gate for the purpose of
laying a supply line to the apparatus at
the scene or to itself
1. Safely dismount the apparatus wearing
all PPE carrying a radio.
2. If riding on a new Smeal Pumper
ensure the coffin doors are electrically
opened -- allows for free travel of hose
when the vehicle is in motion, the
apparatus will need to have the park
break engaged.
3. Retrieve hydrant kit from the driver
rear compartment of apparatus.
4. Place hydrant kit near the hydrant in a
practical location for Big gate.
5. Help Big gate with the supply line and
wait for the ready signal.
6. Return to your position in the apparatus
and relay the ready signal to the driver
and officer.
7. At the scene. Safely dismount the unit
and un-couple the supply line at the
nearest joint.
8. Attach the supply line to the
appropriate apparatus at the scene.
*Utilize the pony length when it
 is advantageous to do so
9. If located at the intake connection,
open intake drain valve.
10. Communicate to the driver of the
apparatus that the line is ready
11. Report to your officer for
reassignment.
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91
Q

Define Claustrophobia

A

Claustrophobia is the fear of being in enclosed or narrow spaces. Almost everyone
experiences some degree of discomfort or fear when confined to a dark or enclosed
space. This fear does not mean you are claustrophobic unless it disables you or sparks a
panic reaction that leads to irrational behaviour.

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92
Q

What hoses are carried on the EFRS units

A

25mm -tanker - super tanker - atp
38mm -tanker - super tanker - atp - pump
44mm - tanker - super tanker - pump - ladder
65mm - tanker - super tanker - atp - pump - ladder
125mm - tanker - super tanker - pump - ladder
150mm - tanker - super tanker - pump

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93
Q

__ __ is the ratio of the mass of a given volume of a liquid compared with the mass of an equal volume of water at the same temperature.

A

specific gravity

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94
Q

The process by which solids undergo change directly to a gas is referred to as ___

A

Pyrolosis

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95
Q

what are the 3 limitations of scba?

A

Limitations of Air Supply
 Capacity of the air cylinder (i.e. Escape bottle, 45 minute bottle, 60 minute bottle, Supplied air).
 Pressure available in cylinder.
Limitations of Equipment
 Face piece creates some limited visibility for the user.
 Face piece does decrease the ability to communicate.
 Increased weight and decreased mobility cause an increased work load to the user.
Limitations of the Wearer
 The wearer must be in sound physical condition (muscular, cardiovascular and
respiratory) in order to maximize the operation time of SCBA equipment.
 Poor physical conditioning increases air consumption with minimal work load, this limits the fire fighter’s ability to perform and task safely and increases the chance of injury.
 Good agility will aid in overcoming obstacles in the environment and the restrictions imposed by the fire fighter’s PPE.
 Facial features affect the wearer’s ability to get a good face piece-to-face seal.
 Emotional stability, the ability to maintain control in a high stress environment.

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96
Q

LEL can be defined as the ___ concentration of a ____ or ___ __ in __ that will support combustion

A

Lowest Combustible flammable gas air

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97
Q

What is 3x4 using the radio readability scale?

A 
Bad 
poor
fair
good
excellent
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98
Q

What are the 5 types of defined harassment?

A

Physical, Sexual, Visual, Verbal, Emotional

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99
Q

__ __ are the forces that work against a structures ability to remain standing?

A

Structural loads or simple loads,

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100
Q

what is RIC?

A

rapid intervention crew

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101
Q

Vehicle. extinguisher. class. rating. discharge time. discharge distance

A

Vehicle Extinguisher Class Rating Discharge Time Discharge
Distance

Pump
Tanker
ATP

Back-pack pump (20L H2O) A 4A 60-180 sec 3-9 m
Dry Chemical ABC 20A60BC 10-25 sec 2-4.5m
CO2 BC 10BC 10-30 sec 1-2.5m

Rescue

Dry Chemical
CO2
Metal X D ** 10-25 sec 2-4.5m

Ladder

Dry Chemical
CO2
Metal X (Quints)

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102
Q

Request for change of shift, describe the 4 responsibilities of a member involved?

A

Complete and sign the Shift Trade Form
Submit the completed for to the Station Captain for approval.
Report for duty at the appropriate station at the appropriate time.
Arrange for a qualified replacement, to report for duty in the event that the member
responsible for the trade is unable to fulfill their obligation.

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103
Q

what are the 4 components of the SCBA

A

Harness
pass system
Face Piece
cylinder

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104
Q

Walls that laterally support the weight of the building along their length including their own weight are referred to as __ __ walls.

A

Load bearing

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105
Q

Draw a coupling showing which direction is towards the fire.

A

bump bump to the pump

female to fire
male to water

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106
Q

The initial report at the scene of an emergency must include?

A

 Unit Identification
 Size Up - including a description of the building, occupancy and emergency scene
 Summary of fire/emergency conditions
 Initial Plan of action
 Identify who is assuming Fire Command, and where fire command is located
(A,B,C,D)

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107
Q 
manufacturers recommended life span of rescue rope (without any rope usage)
1 yr
5 yr
10 yr
15 yr
A

5 years

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108
Q

T/F aVK operations is imiliar to compression type hydrants

A

T

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109
Q

Name 4 types of ladder raises

A

beam raise
flat ladder raise
extension ladder raise
roof ladder raise

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110
Q

Name all of the Dep Fire Chief and 4 sections of their portfolio they are responsible for?

A 
DEPUTY FIRE CHIEF
OF OPERATIONS (Robert MacDonald)
Fire Suppression Event Response
Medical Event Response
Rescue Event Response
Hazard Materials Event Response
Regional Mutual Aid Event response
Specialty Operations

DEPUTY FIRE CHIEF
OF TRAINING AND
LOGISTICS (Keven Lefebvre)

 Training and E-Learning
 Fire Rescue Facilities
 Fire Rescue Fleet and Apparatus Equipment
 Logistical Planning (PPE, SCBA and Firefighter Equipment)
 Health and Wellness Program

DEPUTY FIRE CHIEF
OF PUBLIC SAFETY
(Russell Croome)

 Quality Management Plan (QMP)
 Fire Prevention and Public Education
 Fire Inspections
 Fire Investigations
 EFRS/EPS Partnered Arson Investigations
 Fire Protection Engineering

DEPUTY FIRE CHIEF
OF TECHNICAL SERVICES (Bryan Singleton)

 Call Evaluation and Dispatch Services/Communication
 Data and Analytics
 Public Safety Technology
 Mapping Services
 Environmental Management
 Fire Accreditation

DEPUTY FIRE CHIEF
OF OFFICE of EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT (Rob Squire)

 Emergency Operations Center ( EOC)
 Emergency Management Planning
 Emergency Management Training and Public Awareness
 Emergency Support Response Team
 Corporate Business Continuity Planning
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111
Q

What does the mnemonic REACT and PASS mean

A 
R escue
e ensure door is closed
a activate alarm
c call 911
t try to extinguish

P ull pin
A im
S queez
S weep

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112
Q

A __ __ extends from the foundation through the roof of the building to a height sufficient to keep fire from jumping the wall. It must withstand a fire at least __ hours or more.

A

Fire wall 4

113
Q

Which of the following is an advantage of polyolefin rope?
a it is resistant to acids
b it is resistant to abrasion
c it is resistant to ultraviolet light degradation
d it has high shock loading capabilities

A

A

114
Q

In regards to fire helmet, describe which members wears which helmet

Black with yellow illumination -
black with red/yellow illumination -
Black with red illumination -
White -

A

ff
ffq
captain
chief

115
Q

What are the 8 talk groups used by the EFRS communications system?

A

FIRE, EMS, HOSPITAL, MUTUAL, NATIONAL, SIMPLEX.

EBACKUP2, FBACKUP2

116
Q

T/F the first arriving pump is responsible for assuming Fire Command at the scene of an incident?

A

T

117
Q

what are the 3 physical states that matter can exist in?

A

Solid
Gas
Liquid

118
Q

What are the Core Values and briefly describe them?

A

SERVICE – We fulfill our mission to serve the public 24 hours a day, 7 days a week,
365 days a year.
• SAFETY – We make public safety and firefighter safety our number one priority
through ongoing training, development and innovation.
• RELATIONSHIPS – We build and maintain public trust through integrity,
dedication, professionalism and accountability.
• TEAMWORK – We work together as a team. We can only achieve our mission and
our other core values by working closely with our internal and external partners.

119
Q

T/F the pass if in low or high alarm can be reset by wiggling your hips to reset the pass system

A

F

120
Q

What is the definition of matter?

A

Anything that occupies space and has mass

121
Q

the __ __ is the portion of a fire or party wall that extends above the roof of the building to prevent fire spread across the roofs surface

A

parapet 18 inches 457 mm

122
Q

What are the 3 strategic choices command must develop?

A

Command must develop a strategy to address the responsibilities of rescue, fire control,
salvage, and personnel safety. The strategic choices may be an offensive interior attack,
a defensive exterior attack, or hold-in-place non-attack to assist in evacuation.

 An offensive interior attack is initiated when fire conditions are reasonably safe to
do so. Fire conditions must closely monitored noting the position of interior crews. In addition preparations must be made to quickly switch to a defensive
exterior attack.

 A defensive exterior attack is initiated when fire conditions are unsafe to enter the
structure, lives are not threatened, and/or the property is un-savable. I.e. old barn
fully involved in fire.

 A hold-in-place strategy is initiated when safety is uncertain and immediate
evacuation must be initiated. I.e. Bomb threat.

123
Q

Water is transformed to vapor at a ratio of ___ to ___

A

1 to 1700

124
Q

which of the following is an advantage of nylon synthetic fibers?
a it is resistant to acids
b it is resistant to ultraviolet light degradation
c it is resistant to rot
d it only loses 10-15% of strength when wet

A

C

125
Q

___ ___ refers to the ratio of the mass of a given volume of gas compared with the mass of an equal volume of air

A

Vapor density

126
Q

What are the 10 command functions?

A
  1. Assume an effective command position and confirm operations.
  2. Rapidly size-up the situation.
  3. Initiate, maintain and control the communications process.
  4. Identify the overall strategy and develop an attack plan and assign crews.
  5. Develop an effective fire ground organization.
  6. Provide continuing command within the framework of department standard
    operating procedures.
  7. Coordinate the transfer of command as required.
  8. Review, evaluate, and revise attack plan as required.
  9. Request and assign additional crews as required.
  10. Terminate operations/command and return crews to service.
127
Q

What is the chain of command from the fire chief and upwards?

A

Fire Chief GM of Community Services City Manager City Council

128
Q

In a rescue bag, what are the 4 colors and lengths of webbing? (also, how many of each)

A

2 green - 1.5m
2 yellow - 3.5m
2 blue - 4.5 m
2 red - 6m

129
Q

What is OSB?

A

Oriented strand board

130
Q

Name the operation hazards when setting up a ladder

A

 Overhead electrical lines
• Always check for the location of electrical lines before you set up a ladder.
Remember, aluminum ladders conduct electricity.
 Uneven surface – avoid uneven ground if possible.
• If the ladder must be deployed on uneven ground always use the ladder levelers
or dig a hole to level out butt spurs or foot pads.
 Ice – safe use of ladders requires a firm, no-skid surface.
• Avoid setting a ladder on an icy surface. If the ladder must be deployed on an
icy surface butt the base of the ladder with a back-tie to a secure structural
member.
 Traffic areas
• Avoid placing ladders directly in front of doorways that are in the path of other
fire fighters. (access – egress)
 Structurally unsound walls
• Always visually size up a wall before you commit to using it to support a
ladder.
 Fire
• A ladder should not be set alongside or over an area where the fire might
threaten the ladder. Choose your ladder location carefully.
 Fire Ground Changes
• Always be aware that things often change on the fire ground and that the ladder
positioning may need to change.

131
Q

5 types of collapse?

A 
V shaped
A frame
pancake
Cantilever
Lean to
132
Q

Designed to withstand the force of high winds or wind shears is called __ __

A

Shear Wall

133
Q

Name each ladder on each fire apparatus

A

Pump 3m collapsible attic ladder 4.3 roof ladder
tanker 7.3 extension ladder

ladder      3m collapsible attic ladder
                 4.3m fresno extension ladder
                 5m roof ladder
                 7.3 extension ladder
                 10.6m extension ladder

rescue 4m combination folding ladder

134
Q

a physical process that changes a liquid into a gaseous state is called? ___

A

vaporization

135
Q

Primary Ric is minimum of ____ officer and _____ ff. secondary Ric crew is min ____ officers and ____ ff. crew 1 is used to _____ crew 2 is used to _____

A

1-2 - 1-3 - locate - extricate

136
Q

Who is responsible for the approval of all trading involving 3 & 4 consecutive shifts?

A

District Chief

137
Q

During transfer of command, which critical information is included?

A

Current attack plan
Deployment of crews
The effectiveness of attack
The need for additional apparatus

138
Q

__ ___ is the moment when a mixture of fuel and oxygen encounters an external heat source with sufficient heat or thermal energy to start thecombustion reaction.

A

piloted ignition

139
Q

List the chain of Command from Fire Chief all the way down to probationary?

A 
Fire Chief
Deputy Chief
Platoon Chief
District Chief
Station/Senior Fire Caption
Fire Captain
Senior FFQ
FFQ
Firefighter
Probationary
140
Q

What are 3 types of 2 way radios

A

Base station
portable station
mobile station

141
Q

What are the 3 radio procedures that can be used to signal a ff emergency?

A

Mayday
Code 100
Evacuation

142
Q

What is EFRS Mission statement

A

We are committed to protecting life, property, and the environment.

143
Q

A wall covered in non-combustible materials that separates two occupancies and supports weight is referred as __ __

A

party wall

144
Q

what is our pump discharge pressure formula?

A

PDP = NP + TPL(APL +FL+-EP)
2
FL= CQ L

145
Q

4 types of rope EFRS uses?

A

laid rope
braid on braid (double braided)
kernmantle rope
braided rope

146
Q

4 precursors of a potential flashover

A

Fumore has huge rebox

Free Burning
High Temperatures
Heavy Dark Smoke
Rollover

147
Q

EFRS uses rope for 2 distinct purposes ____ and ___ ___ use.

A

Utility rope and life safety rope

148
Q

What station is responsible for each district?

A 
1 - 1
2 - 9
3 - 24
4 - 4
5 - 25
149
Q

In regards to bunker pants and coat, what are the 3 components?

A

Outer shell
Moisture barrier
Thermal Layer

150
Q

3 ways to transfer heat?

A

Conduction, Convection, Radiation

151
Q

__ __ is the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable mixture with air near the liquids surface

A

Flash point

152
Q

Operating pressure and rated flow?

A 
44mm fog 500 kPA  550Lpm
65mm fog        500 Kpa  950Lpm
Piercing nozzle  500 Kpa  475 lpm
Deluge gun         700 Kpa   2650lpm unit loss 70kpa
65mm quick attack moniter
950-1400-1900lpm
153
Q

What is LUNAR

A 
Location
Unit
Name
Assignment
Resources
154
Q

4 components of a dry chemical fire extinguisher

A

 A Pressure vessel: designed to withstand four times the
operating pressure. Portable fire extinguishers used in
Alberta must be hydro-statically tested in accordance
with NFPA 10 and 10A to ensure the safety of the
operator.
 A Valve: includes valve stem and either an internal or
external spring so that the extinguisher can be operated
intermittently.
 A Pressurizing gas: this gas may be in the shell (stored
pressure) or in a cartridge, which may be in the shell or
attached to it. Gases used are dried air, CO2, or
nitrogen.
 An Extinguishing agent

155
Q

List and describe the 2 modes of command?

A

Command (From Command Post)

– Involves the first arriving officer
remaining staged at the apparatus, assuming incident command, assigning tasks to
unit personnel, communicating with other responding units, and adapting the
Incident Action Plan as needed by the complexity of the incident.
The command post should be located in a spot which affords a good view of at
least two sides of the incident.

• Mobile (Fast Attack) Command

o Immediate action required - the first arriving officer assuming incident
command directs their personnel in an offensive attack to bring the fire /
situation quickly under control.
o Nothing Showing- mobile command could perform a reconnaissance until
another officer arrives on scene, command would direct all incoming units
to level 1 staging.

156
Q

List the 5 types of ladders EFRS uses

A 
 Roof
 Folding/collapsible/attic
 Combination
 Extension
 Mechanical
157
Q

List all 9 disciplinary actions and what each supervisor can do?

A 
counseling
Extra station duties
susp of privileges
verb reprimand
written reprimand
susp w/ pay
susp w/o pay
Demotion
Dismissal
captain - 5 - counsel - written
district chief - 6 - counsel - susp w pay
platoon chief - 4 - susp - susp
deputy chief - 6 - verb - dism
Fire Chief - 5 - written - dismissal
158
Q

List and describe the types of fire apparatus vehicles as well as their crew complement?

A 
Pump - 1 officer and 3or 4 ff
Rescue - 1 officer and 3 ff
ladder - 1 officer and 3 ff
tanker - 1 officer and 1 ff
fsu - 1 officer and 1 ff
atp - 1 officer and 1 ff
159
Q

What are Fire commands 4 main priorities?

A

The four major responsibilities of Fire Command at an emergency event are:
 Safety – Safety of all on scene emergency responders
 Rescue – The rescue, evacuation, or protection of people in danger
 Fire Control – The control of the fire
 Salvage – The protection of material from the fire or fire control
efforts

160
Q

A class ___ ex, which would be used on flammable and comb liquids, can be identified by its ___ symbol and ____ color. this ex gets a rating of ___ sq. meters of flammable liquid to a ____ mm or greater in depth.

A

B. square. red

.o9 6mm

161
Q

What are the three types of load that exert internal stresses?

A

Compression loads

squeeze
and shorten a member.

Tensile loads

pull apart or
lengthen a member.

Shear loads

cause the planes
of the member to slide past
one another.

162
Q

Definition of fire stream?

A

A fire stream can be defined as a stream of water or other extinguishing
agent after it leaves a fire hose and nozzle until it reaches the desired point.

163
Q

4 factors for reading smoke?

A

Color
Density
Velocity
Volume

164
Q

5 factors that will affect fog streams

A 
Gravity
Wind
Air Friction
Pattern
Velocity
165
Q

What is the max reach on a horizontal stream?_ to _ degrees?

A

30-34 degrees

166
Q

What is the max reach on a vertical stream? __ degrees

A

75 degrees

167
Q

4 indicators that you have an effective fire stream?

A

White Steam/Smoke
Rapid temperature fluctuation
Decreased visibility
Darkening down

168
Q

2 types of exposures and briefly explain them?

A

Internal exposure
External exposure

Interior exposures include areas of the building that are not yet involved, but are
connected to the fire area in a way that may facilitate fire spread. Interior exposures are
usually controlled with 44mm Fire Attack hose.
Exterior exposures are generally other buildings/property close to the fire building that is
in danger of becoming involved due to heat transfer. Exterior exposures are usually
controlled by a minimum 65mm hoseline but may utilize portable or fixed master stream
appliances.

169
Q

List 5 limitations of hydraulic ventilation

A 
 Size of room
 Size of exit opening
 Exterior exposure proximity
 Hose line availability
 Fire control
 Wind Direction
170
Q 
Identify, by the assigned letter, the connection to the statement listed below?
A - Adv of PPV
B Dis of PPV
C Adv of NPV
D Dis of NPV
E Hydraulic ventilation

1__requres that the fire be under control
2__Equipment gets exposed to the contaminants
3__Ventilation ops may impede progress of other sector
4__It is effective in all types of occupancies
5__Not effective in high ceiling structrures
6__Can be very effective in limited access compartment
7__equipment cleaning and maintenance is reduced
8__must be used with electric fans only
9__It can be controlled
10__&__depends on a power source

A 
`1 - E
`2 - D
`3 - E
`4 - A
`5 - E
`6 - C
`7 - A
`8 - D
`9 - A
`10 - B and D
171
Q

5 factors in deciding where to ventilate?

A

Some factor that have a bearing on where and what type of ventilation to use.
 Location of the fire (would like to vent over or as close to the fire as possible)
• Offensive strategies for dealing with top floor and attic space fires would
involve expatiated vertical roof ventilation techniques
 Location of occupants
 Interior and exterior exposures
 Type of construction
 Purpose or use of occupancy
 Extent to which the fire has progressed
 Which direction you wish to draw the fire
 Condition of the building and its contents
 Existing openings( skylights, ventilator shafts, monitors, etc)
 Direction of the wind
 Available personnel and equipment
 Exposures

172
Q

2 types of tactical ventilation?

A

Horizontal Vertical

173
Q

3 types of roof ventilation?

A 
 Kerf cuts
• Slot cuts to determine
direction of fire spread.
 Inspection cuts
• Small triangles
 Louvered cuts
• Large rectangular openings.
174
Q

2 types of high rise construction styles?

__ ___ consturction and __ __ construction

A

Centre Core

Centre Hall

175
Q

Identify the 4 types of doors?

A

Revolving
Overhead
Swinging (inward/outward)
Sliding

176
Q

4 types of stairwell designs?

A

Scizzor
Return
Straight
Circular

177
Q

3 types of standpipes?

A

• Dry system – not filled with water until needed in firefighting. Used only by
firefighters. Must be manually charged by fire department.
• Wet system – standpipe is filled with water and is pressurized at all times.
• Wet/Dry Combination system – Portions of the system are pressured with water
and other portions are pressured with air.

178
Q 
In high rise, what is the search and rescue order?
-
-
-
-
-
A
  • Fire Floor(s) – where is fire is
  • Floor above fire floor(s) – exposure, smoke migration and vertical extension.
  • Floor below the fire floor(s) – extension and collapse.
  • Top Floor – escape route hazard.
  • And then all other floors starting from the top floor down
179
Q

What is in the RED BAG, including the # of each item. (high rise kit)

A 
1 3m - 65mm Hose with preconnected gated wye             
1 44mm Hose                           
1 Rope drop bag
               2 sprinkler dowels               2 sprinker wedge
                            3 door wedges
Toolbag
1 - Recessed sprinker wedge
1 - Pipe Wrench
1 - Hose Key
1 - Uni-Driver
4 - Markers
10 - rubber door stops
180
Q

What is in the Green Bag including the # of each item (high rise kit)

A

2 lengths of 44mm hose with attached akron nozzle

181
Q

4 factors for forcible entry size-up

A

Available access to the doors, windows, or walls
Available tools
Type of construction
Time

182
Q

forcible entry tools can be divided into 4 groups

A

Cutting
prying and spreading
striking and battering
pushing and pulling

183
Q

These tools can be powered by?

A

 Hand – requiring human force
 Electric – electric power, generally from portable generators
 Pneumatic – power is generated by a compressed air source
 Hydraulic – pump powered by electric generator
 Gasoline – Gas powered tool such as a chainsaw

184
Q

6 safety equipment required for chainsaw operations?

A

 Safety glasses/goggles/visor
 Safety boots
 Safety helmets (wildland or firefighting)
 Safety gloves (wildland or firefighting)
 Hearing protection
 Safety pants (bunker)/chaps

185
Q

2 ways to start your chainsaw?

A

uneven ground start

even ground start

186
Q

2 areas of potential danger in breaching a wall?

A

 Electrical wiring, plumbing, and gas lines are concealed in walls
 Structural integrity – load-bearing walls in a structure already weakened by fire
must be approached cautiously

187
Q

Rescue priority of victims

A
  1. Most severely threatened.
  2. Largest number that have gathered in groups.
  3. The remainder.
188
Q

The 3 purposes of the marking system are?

A

 To clearly identify rooms that have be searched.  To keep track of where crews are if they go missing  To let a relief crew know how far the previous crew got if they were unable to finish their task

189
Q

A secondary search should be undertaken once the __ is __ __ and __ __ is ___

A

Fire under control

primary search complete

190
Q

What is the definition of Salvage?

A

Salvage in the fire service consists of those methods and operating procedures allied to firefighting which aid in reducing forcible entry, fire, water, and smoke damage during and after fires.

191
Q

What are the goals of salvage operations to reduce property loss or damage

A

 Forcible entry
 Water
 Fire
 Smoke

192
Q

What are the two types of property damage and briefly explain them?

A

 Primary Damage occurs as a result of the fire itself.

 Secondary Damage occurs as a result of fire fighting efforts such as forcible entry, applying water, ventilation, search and rescue, and searching for hidden fires.

193
Q

Salvage is subdivided into 5 areas and give examples

A

Property Conservation
 Tarps/Salvage Covers/Poly
 Pike Poles/ladders to create Water Chutes
 Mattress Bag

Door, Window, or Roof Repair 
 Roll of Poly 
 Bundle of Lath
 Apron c/w Stapler, Staples, Lino Knife, Utility Knife 
Claw Hammer and 3 &amp; 1 ½ inch Nails 
Mop Up and/or Clean Up 
 Mops/ Mop Pails 
 Stable Brooms 
 Squeegees 
 Scoop Shovels

Odor Suppressor
 110 Volt Electric AeroFogger
 4 Liters of Odor Neutralizer Fluid

Automatic Sprinkler Tools
A flow of water from an open sprinkler head can do considerable damage to occupancy Tools available to restrict water flow from a sprinkler system prior to shut down include
• Rubberized Sprinkler Wedge
• Wooden Sprinkler Wedge w/rubber face
• Metal Recessed Sprinkler Wedge
• Wooden Sprinkler Dowels, including 1” & 3” Cedar bungs

194
Q

MSA 5200, objects appear (lighter/darker) within the screen?

A

 Hottest objects appear white within the screen while cool objects produce darker shades

195
Q

What are the 3 infrared emitters?

A

Direct
Active
Passive

196
Q

TICS have two distinct modes. when the equipment is in __ __ its temerature is __ to__ degrees and its sensitivity is ___. while in __ __ its temperature is __ or greater and the sensitivity is __. When in low sensitivity mode an illuminated __ will be visible in the lower left corner.

A

Normal Mode - 0-320 degrees F - High - Firefighter mode 320 degrees F Low - L

197
Q

3 Thermal imaging operations?

A

Orientation
While not directly related to the use of the TIC it is extremely important that the user does not completely rely on the display of the unit as they progress through a structure. A person’s orientation to their surroundings must come from the size-up, natural senses, and an awareness of the path traveled

Interpretation
Gaining an understanding of how the equipment operates and being able to evaluate the information gathered is crucial in making positive tactical firefighting decisions and increasing the odds of successfully preserving life.

Communication
Communicating the information that has been gathered to both the crew and command is essential to effective and successful operation. As with all fire ground tasks good communication will aid in achieving success and poor communication can result in failure.

198
Q

3 infrared limitations?

A

 Glass
• Infrared energy will not penetrate glass however heated glass will show up lighter in color

 Water
• Infrared energy will not penetrate water however some penetration may occur in a fog or mist

 Steam
• Infrared energy may or may not penetrate steam depending on it’s density

199
Q

Define Wild land interface?

A

Defined as: Wildland interface is any area where structures are located adjacent to, or among combustible wildland fuels.

200
Q

__ - the fastest spreading leading edge of the fire
__ - Long narrow strips of rapidly burning light fuel
__ - Sometimes called the __. This area is opposite the head and it burns more slowly
__ - Left and right sides of the fire
___ - the boundaries of the fire
___ - unburned areas inside the fire area
___ - the unburned area surrounding the fire
___ - the area of blackened land consumed by the fire
___ - Fire outside the main fire, caused by wind-carried sparks or embers

A 
Head
fingers
Rear (Heel)
flanks
perimeter
islands
The green
The black
Spot fire
201
Q

3 main factors that influence wild land fire behavior

A

Fuel
Topography
Weather

202
Q

3 methods of direct attack?

A

 DIRECT ATTACK AND ASSOCIATED TACTICS
• FLANK ATTACK
• FRONTAL ATTACK
• MOBILE ATTACK

 INDIRECT ATTACK

203
Q

A 30/30 crossover causes an extreme ___ ___ due to the __ __ being (greater/less) than 30 % and the temperature being (greater/less) than 30 degrees

A 
Fire Behaviour
relative humidity
less
greater
Celcius
204
Q

3 Rs of wildland firefighting

A

Retreat
Regroup
Reassess

205
Q

Name the class A foam percentages and applications

A

Class ‘A’ Fire Foam Percentages and Applications:
 0.1%: Deep-seated fires in furniture, smouldering ground fires, or heavy duff layers where penetration is required (if foam is too concentrated it will not penetrate)

 0.1 – 0.5%: Wildland/grass fires

 0.5%: Structural firefighting with attached fog nozzles, wildland surface fires using foam nozzles

 1.0%: Protecting structural exposures (walls, and roofs), forming barriers during wildland firefighting operations

206
Q

Non-weeping wildland hose is called __ __ and is __ mm big with a length of __ meters and __ metes. While weeping hose is called ___ and is __ mm big with a length of ___ meters.

A 
Spec 187
38 mm
7.5 and 15 meter lengths
Staflo
38mm
30 m lengths
207
Q

list 4 out of the 8 specific purposes of overhaul?

A
  1. Locate and extinguish Hidden Fires Hidden fire may be detected by sight, touch, or with thermal imaging cameras. Do not rely on the sense of smell to detect hidden fires.
  2. Prevent Rekindle. Overhaul enables you to detect those materials that are likely to rekindle so that they may be removed from the premises and completely extinguished.
  3. Prevent Unnecessary Damage. A proper overhaul follows a systematic, step-by-step procedure or pattern. Unnecessary damage to the building and its contents can be avoided by removing heavy, water-soaked materials immediately. Mattresses and stuffed furniture should be removed from the building for final extinguishment. Cover open windows and roofs to help protect against external elements.

School/recruits/Manual/24 July 2016 Page 5

  1. Help To Find the Cause of the Fire. Overhaul will help determine the cause of a fire.
  2. Preserve Evidence. Proper overhaul will leave critical evidence untouched and undisturbed. Evidence that cannot be left at the scene of a fire will be safeguarded elsewhere.
  3. Prevent Recurrence. A routine system of overhaul pinpoints the origin of the fire and permits the repair or removal of items that could cause recurrence.
  4. Make the Structure Safe. Many unsafe conditions may exist in or around a fire-damaged occupancy. These conditions may include damaged utilities, structural defects, damaged contents, unstable objects, and open holes in floors or roofs. As many hazards as possible should be corrected before releasing the building for reoccupation. Occupants should be made aware of any remaining hazards that could jeopardize their safety
  5. Provide for Good Public Relations. Public relations are enhanced through cooperation with law enforcement officers, utility companies, city officials, property owners and the public in general. Proper overhaul will demonstrate the fire department’s concern for the protection of property.
208
Q

4 methods used to detect hidden fires?

A 
Sight 
 Discoloration of materials 
 Peeling or Bubbled Paint 
 Smoke Emission from Cracks 
 Cracked Plaster or Masonry 
 Rippled Wallpaper

Touch
 Feel walls and floors for heat with the back of the hand

Sound
 Popping or Cracking of Burning
 Hissing of Steam

Electronic Sensors
 Thermal Imaging Cameras/Infrared Cameras (T.I.C.s), 3M Temperature probe .

209
Q

4 steps to establishing safe conditions?

A

 Inspect the premises.
 Develop of a sound operational plan.
 Provide essential equipment.
 Eliminate any hazards.

210
Q 
4 respondibilities of the ff during overhaul?
Protect\_\_\_
Cordon\_\_\_\_
REcord\_\_\_
NEver\_\_\_\_
A

Protect fire scene evidence, footprints and tire marks

Cordon off the area with rope or fire take to keep people out and station someone to monitor the line until an investigator can arrive.

Record any information, including hearsay, which is given to you

never joke with people or offer statements of opinion, accusations, or probable cause to anyone other than the investigator or the officer in charge

211
Q

What are the 4 steps of an activated sprinkler system

A

 detect a fires presence
 alarm or transmit a signal to agencies indicating alarm is activated
 control growth of the fire
 extinguish the fire completely

212
Q

5 methods sprinklers can detect?

A

Fixed Temperature Detection
 The basic fire detection used in wet or dry systems, and a fusible link is the detection device.

Rate of Rise Detection
 Heat actuated devices operating on air pressure increase.
 Common for special hazard systems.
 It is fast, dependable, and positive in operation.

Smoke Detection
 Recommended for some hazards where smoldering fires, which burn with little or no flame and no discernable heat, may cause considerable damage.
 Used where fires give off smoke before they burst into flame.
 Detection is through use of a photo-electric cell.

Flame or Flash Detection
 Utilized in extremely hazardous occupancies where extinguishment must start immediately.
 It is commonly used in plants making explosives or munitions
 Is currently used for protecting the hazardous rolling operation in the manufacture of jet-propulsion powder.  Flash detectors operate a fire-fog system that extinguishes fire in under a second
 Detection is through the use of a photo-electric cell.

Vapor Detection
 Indicates the concentration of combustible gases in the air surrounding hazards where highly flammable liquids or gases are stored, handled, or used.
 The detection device constantly samples the air in these locations sending a reading to a remotely situated control panel.
 When the concentration near 50% of the L.E.L. (Lower Explosive Limit) an alarm sounds warning personnel and allowing a window of opportunity to correct the problem.  When the concentration reaches 75% L.E.L. the fire protection system operates.

213
Q

__ % of all fires are controllable by the activation of 5 or fewer sprinkler heads
__% of fires controlled by sprinkler operation were done so by only one head

A

70

35

214
Q

what are two categories in audible alarm (gong) and emergency notification?

A

Hydraulic Alarm
 Local alarm is used to alert personnel in a sprinklered building or passerby that water is flowing in the system.
 Some water in the system branches off to a water motor that drives a local alarm gong.

Electric Alarm
 Alarm is used to alert building occupants and the fire department that water is flowing in the system.
 Water movement presses against a diaphragm that causes a switch to operate the alarm.

215
Q

6 types of sprinker systems?

A

 Wet-Pipe  Dry-Pipe  Pre-Action  Deluge  Residential  Special Extinguishing Systems

216
Q

in a wet pipe system the FDC ties in ___ the main control valve. WHile in a dry pipe system the FDC ties in before the dry pipe valve.

A

above

Before

217
Q

4 types of sprinkler head mechanisms

A

Fusible Link
Frangible Bulb
Chemical Pellet
Quick response type

218
Q

3 types of sprinkler orientation?

A

Pendant orientation
Upright orientation
Sidewall sprinkler orientation

219
Q

What is in the sprinkler kit?

A 
5 wedge-its (on hanger)
5 rubber door latch keeper
3 Wood door wedges
3 wood sprinkler wedges
3 wood sprinkler dowels
1 Recessed sprinkler wedge
1 Quickstop tool
1 caribeaner (non rated)
1 bag with inventory card
220
Q

3 types of fire alarms?

A

Conventional Supervised Systems

Multiplex or Fully Addressable Systems

Proprietary or Central Station Systems

221
Q

T/F fire service phase 2 is also known as the fire recall phase

A

F

222
Q

__ __ are elevators that only serve certain floors while __ __ is only available certain floors.

A

Split bank

Blind shaft

223
Q

What should you be carrying when going up an elevator?

A

forcible entry tools, fire extinguisher, and portable radio.

224
Q

A hazardoues material is any material or substance, which even in normal use, poses a risk to __ __ __ or the ___

A

health, safety, property or the environment

225
Q

NFPA diamond is divided into 4 sections

A

Top - Red - flammability
Left - Blue - health
Bottom - White - Special info
Right - Yellow - Reactivity

226
Q

In the NFPA 704 diamond what are the 4 special info groupings?

A

Water Reactive
Oxidizer
Corrosive
Radioactive

227
Q

What are the 9 TDG classification and how many subclasses do they each have?

A

1 Every -Explosives 6
2 good - gases 3
3 fire -Flammable liquids 0
4 fighter -flammable solids 3
5 owns -oxidizers & organic peroxides 2
6 that -toxic and infectious substanes 2
7 Red -radioactive material
8 colored -corrosive
9 motorcycle -miscellaneous hazardous material

228
Q

What 4 things are displayed in a pipeline warning label?

Acronym P.O.S.E

A

 Signal word ‘Warning, Caution, or Danger’
 Hazardous contents of the pipeline
 Owners name
 An Emergency phone number

Product, owner, signal word. emergency contact number

229
Q

WHAT ARE THE 6 THINGS LABELLED IN A PESTICIDE WARNING LABEL?

A

 Pesticide Name
 Signal Word - (Danger –indicate highly toxic, Warning)
 Pesticide Control Product (PCP) Number
 Precautionary statement - phrases that cover prevention, response, storage, and disposal of products
 Active ingredients
 Hazard statement – keep away from children, harmful if swallowed, etc.

230
Q

what should be included when dealing with shipping information documents

A 
 Emergency Contact Number 
 Number of Pkgs. Shipped 
 Shipping name 
 Hazard or class # 
 4 digit U.N. #
231
Q

Once a shipment exceeds____kg, the UN number must be shown with the placard on all sides and each end of the containers.

A

4000 kg

500 kg is just placard on every side and end

232
Q

SHipping documents terminology for various types of shipments and modes of transport

Name of the document
Mode of transport -Air -Boat - Train -Truck
Who holds it

A

NOTD MOT WHI

Air Bill/Manifest - Air -Cockpit/responsibility Pilot
Dangerous Cargo Manifest - Boat - The captain
Rail Documents - Train - Conductor
Road Document/bill of lading - Truck - Driver

233
Q 
What would you find in the colored section of the ERG
Alphabetic listing of material \_\_\_\_1
Material listed by UN # \_\_\_\_2
Isolation and protection zone \_\_\_\_3
General Info \_\_\_\_4
Action Guide \_\_\_\_5
A 
1-Blue - alphabetical
2- Yellow - UN/ID #
3 - green - Isolation and protective action distances
4- White pages - Gen info
5 - orange - Action guides
234
Q 
What are the 6 lvls of radioactive packaging listed from least to most dangerous?
1
2
3
4
5
6
A 
Excepted package
Industrial Package
Type A package
Type B package
Type C package
More dangerous than type C
235
Q

What does the acronym HAZMAT mean?

A 
H - Hazard identification
A - Action plan
Z - zoning
M - manage the scene
A - assistance
T - Termination
236
Q

What are the 3 action plan lvls from HAZMAT acronym?

A

Level 1 Incident - can be handled by first response personal. This is a single pump. The incident will be a petrochemical or antifreeze spill of not more than 25 liters.

Level 2 Incident - special technical assistance. This is a pump and Hazmat 1. An example would be an incident with a petrochemical or antifreeze spill of 25-75 liters. This could also be a mercury spill

Level 3 Incident – potential for major disasters. This is 2 pumps, a rescue, an aerial and Hazmat 1 (Uncontrollable spills or releases that may require evacuation or special decontamination)

237
Q

WHAT ARE the * defensive actions used to contain or confine a hazardous material?

A

 Absorption  Confinement  Dilution  Remote valve shutoff  Vapor dispersion  Vapor suppression.  Adsorption  Burning off

238
Q

4 WAYS HAZ MATERIALS CAN enter your body?

A

Inhalation, ingestion, contact, absorption

239
Q

What is CBRNE?

A

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive Incident

Terrorist activities will most likely be accomplished through the use of a Chemical agent, Biological agent, Radiological substance, Nuclear device, or, more commonly explosives. With recognition of the likely sources of destruction and disruption comes an acronym that is widely used to reference these products

240
Q 
What do these words mean?
LEL
STEL
TWA
IDLH
A

lower explosive limit
short term exposure limit
Time weighted average
Immediately dangerous to life and health

241
Q

The USDOT and TDG define a flammable liquid as one that has a flashpoing below ____C. NFPA and WHMIS define it as one that has a flashpoint below ___C

A
  1. 5C

37. 8 degrees C

242
Q

Ignitable liquid fires are extinguished by?

A

 shutting off the fuel supply

 excluding air by various means

 cooling the liquid to stop evaporation

 a combination of these methods

243
Q

pressurized flammable gases have the follwing characteristics?

A

 Pressure
 Diffusivity (tendency to spread freely)
 Low boiling points
 Colorless and/or odorless
 Creates static electricity when flowing

244
Q

T/F liquid petroleum gas dissipates in the air quickly making it not hazardous

A

F

245
Q

7 ways containers can release hazardous materials?

A

Cloud, cone, pool,plume, hemispheric, stream, irregular

246
Q

Natural Gas concentration of between __ and ___ are explosive

A

5-15

247
Q 
Class A foam %
.1
.1-.5
.5
1
A

.1% - Deep-seated fires in furniture, smouldering ground fires, or heavy duff layers
.1-.5 - Wildland.grass fires
.5 - structural ff with attached fog nozzles,wildland surface fires
1 - protecting structural exposures

248
Q

Class B foam %
1%
3%
6%

A

1- On shallow hydrocarbon spills (gas,crude oil, diesel)
3 - on sever hydrocrabon and polar solvent (alcohols, ketones, ethers)fires
Up to 6% for hazmat vapor suppression

249
Q

What are the 3 classification of anchor groups?

A

Natural, structural, pseudo anchors

250
Q 
I
D
E
A
S
A 
Integrity
direction of force
equalization and no extension
angles
system of anchors
251
Q

wrap 3 pull 2, the webbing is then tied with a ___ __. two of the three strands are then pulled and the lsing is adjusted around the object to ensure the bend lies against the anchor and faces towards the __ __ __

A

RING BEND

DIRECTION OF PULL

252
Q

A w3p3 webbing anchor is extremely strong as long as the __ __ of __ degree is not exceeded

A

critical angle

90 degrees

253
Q

3 tests of a safe rescue system?

A

White board analysis

  • does the system function the way you intend
  • how do you know for sure

critical points examination

  • area all points backed up by another system
  • could one point fail and cause a serious accident

whistle test
-if every rescuer let go of the sstem would the system still protect the rescuer and the patient

254
Q

What does SSSF means ___ ___ ___ ___ and it is a ratio of __:___

A

static system safety factor
10:1 - efrs

nfpa 15:1 rope only

255
Q

a “P” rated carabiner is rated at ___ kN

a “G” rated carabiner is rated at ___ kN

A

26.67 kN

40 kN

256
Q

What are the 10 events in order in the goldern hour?

A 
notification
Dispatch
Response
scene stabilization
vehicle stabilization
Patient extrication
patient packaging
patient transport
stabilization in the emerg room
surgical intervention
257
Q

What are the 5 types of vehicle collision?

A 
roll over
t bone collision
head-on collision
rear end collision
rotational
258
Q

What are two types of glass involved in vehicles?

A

Tempered glass

Safety glass

259
Q

what are the safety priorities for vehicle collisions?

A

Rescue personnel safety
scene safety
patient safety

260
Q

What are the 8 sides of a vehicle?

A 
Roof
undercarriage
front 
rear
driver side
passenger side
Inside
Outside
261
Q

Define the 5/10/20 rule and what do the numbers mean?

A

5inchs from sides of vehicle
10 inchs from drivers stearing wheel
20 inchs from passenger air bag

The 5-10-20 rule is the safe distance in inches to stay away from the Air bags

262
Q

The paratech struts are rated at____ibs WLL with a __:__ safety factor. This is up to a height of ___ feet

A

20,000 4;1 safety factor 5 feet

263
Q

holmatro air bag operate at ___psi and you can stack a max of __ bags on top of each other.

A

116 psi
2 bags total - watch for wording

1 bag on top of another
2 bags stacked

264
Q

The angle range for a ram is __ - __ degrees. the angle range for a strut is ___ - ___ degrees

A

60-80 degrees for ram for lifting

45-55 degrees for strut

265
Q

What are the 3 factors that influence the severity of injury or death?

A

 Strength of the Current  Amount of time exposed to the shock  Path the current takes to the ground

266
Q 
At what milliamps, would one feel the effects butt they also would not be able to let go of the energized equipment?
A 1-5 milliamps
B 5-10 milliamps
C 10-50 milliamps
D 50 - 100 milliamps
A

 @ 1 – 5 Milliamps • At this flow one would be able to feel that they had contacted a live circuit

 @ 5 – 10 Milliamps • At this flow not only would one fell the effect but they also would not be able to let go of the energized equipment (Would involve natural muscle contraction as a result of the charge and the closing of one’s hand onto a energized line or piece of equipment as an example)

 @ 10 – 50 Milliamps • A increase in the amount of pain inflicted with the possibility of difficulty breathing

 @ 50 – 100 Milliamps • At this flow of current death is a probability

267
Q

T/F you must stay away 7 meters from a downed power line

A

F

Minimum of 10 meters away from a “Downed Power Line” as a guideline for responders and public

 When using a portable ladder or aerial/ladder truck around electrical lines always maintain a minimum distance for safety
• Residential Lines – 3 Meters • Understand that this distance is relative to a line caring 75,000 volts or less and as the voltage increases your safe working distance also increases.
• Commercial lines – 7 Meters

268
Q

What are three causes of hypothermia?

A

There are three causes of hypothermia:
• Decreased heat production
• Increased heat loss
• A combination of both

269
Q

River ice is how much weaker than lake clear ice?

A

river ice is 15% weaker than lake ice

270
Q

How less dense is ice then water?

A

Ice is 9% less dense than water

271
Q 
Water conducts heat how much faster than air?
A 9-16 times
B17-24 times
C25-32 times
D33-40 times
A

Water conducts heat 25-32 times faster than air,

Even a patient left in wet clothing out of the water, he will lose heat 5 times faster than one who is dry

272
Q

What does RDC mean?

A

rapid deployment craft

273
Q

What are 2 ways to get out of your dry suit if you are stuck?

A

Cut it

274
Q 
What 2 colors do not get along?
A green and blue
B orange and blue
C orange and gold
D gold and green
E green and orange
A

Green and blue

Gold and orange

275
Q

T/F rule of thumb when performing any type of lifting “try before you pry”

A

F

Crib as you go
lift an inch crib an inch

276
Q

T/F decision when salvage begins can be based on the conditions of the time

A

T

277
Q

Hazmat responder has 3 responsibilities?

A

 to recognize certain types of containers and storage vessels
 to identify the material inside
 to give this information to the Incident Command (IC) or the HazMat team

278
Q

What is it called when a river hazard wont let anything but water pass through?

A

a

Dusk 146 (30 decks)

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