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S1 First aid > mirco > Flashcards

mirco Flashcards

1
Q

giemsa stain

A

Ricky got Chlamydia as he Tried to Please the Bored Hot geisha

rikettsia
trypanosomes
chlamydia
borrelia
helico
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2
Q

acid shiff stain

A

whipple disease

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3
Q

ziel neelsen

A

acid fast, mycobacterium, nocardia,crytosporidium oocyst

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4
Q

india ink

A

cryptcoccus

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5
Q

siver stain

A

pneumocystis, legionella, helico

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6
Q

diptheria

A

inact. EF2

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7
Q

pseudomonas

A

inact. EF-2

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8
Q

shigella mech. and contraction

A

shigatoxin, inact. 60s by removing adenine from rRNA—-> HUS

4F’s Fingers, Food, Flies, Feces invasion of M-cell

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9
Q

EHEC

A

shigalike toxin, nact. 60s by removing adenine from rRNA—->serotype 0157:H7 does not invade the cells

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10
Q

ETEC

A

watery diarrhea: “labile in Air (Adenyle cyclase), stable on the Ground (guanylate cyclase)

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11
Q

the bacteria that increase cAMP

A

CAPE

cholera
anthracis
pertussis
E.coli

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12
Q

whooping cough

A

b. pertussis

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13
Q

clostridium tetani mech of action?

A

Tetanospasmin that ia a proteases that cleaves SNARE,, the toxin prevents the release of GABA

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14
Q

clostridium botulinum mech of action?

A

Botulinum toxin that is a proteases that cleaves SNARE,, the toxin prevents the release of ACh

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15
Q

Gram stain

A

first line lab test to inden. bacteria with thick petidoglycan layer crytal violet dye (garm +) and bact. with thin peptidoglycan layer turn red or pink (gram-) with counterstain.

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16
Q

Flurescent antibody stain

A

Used to identify many bacteria, viruses, pcp, giardia and crypto. eg FTA-ABS for syphilis

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17
Q

Chocolate agar is for?

A

H. flu

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18
Q

Thayer-Martin is for?

A

N. gonor., N mening. contians: Vanco, Trimethroprim and Colistin and Nystatin.

Very Typically Cultures Neisseria

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19
Q

Bordet is for?

A

Berdet for Bordetella

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20
Q

Löffler is for?

A

C. diph

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21
Q

Löwenstein is for ?

A

TB

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22
Q

Eaton is for?

A

M. pneumo

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23
Q

Mac Conkey agar is for?

A

lactose Fermenting, KEES

24
Q

EMB (Eosin-methylene blue) is for?

A

E.coli

25
Q

Charcoal yeast buffered with cysteine and iron is for?

A

Legionella -ella, brucella, fancisella

26
Q

Urease- positive organism

A

Pee CHUNKSS

Proteus
Crytococcus
H. pylori
Ureapasma
Nocardia
Klebsiella
S. epidermis
27
Q

Catalase-positive

A

Cats Need PLACESS to Belch their Hairballs

Catalase degrades H2O2 into H2O+O2

Norcardia, Pseudomonas, Listeria, Aspergillus, Candida, Ecoli, Staphylococci, Serratia, B cepacia, H.pylori

28
Q

yellow sulfer granules is produced by?

A

Actinomyces israelii

29
Q

yellow pigment

A

S. areus

30
Q

green pig.

A

Pseudom.

31
Q

red pig.

A

Serratia for Sirene

32
Q

Biofilm producing?

A

S. epi, S. viridans (S mutans, S sanguinus), Pseudomonas

33
Q

What is the virulence factor of S. aureus?

A

Protein A

Binds Fc of IgG. Prevents opsonization and phagocytosis. Expressed by S. aureus

34
Q

What is the virulence factor of SHiN?

A

IgA protease

Enzyme that cleaves IgA, allowing bacteria to adhere to and colonize mucous membranes. Secreted by S. pneumo, H.flu type b, Neisseria

35
Q

What is the virulence factor of group for Strep A.?

A

M. protein

helps prevent phagocytosis. Expressed by the S. group A. Shares similar to human cellular proteins (molecular mimicry), possibly underlines the autoimmune response seen in acute rheumatic fever

36
Q

Costridium deficile exotoxin?

A

alpha toxin

phospholipase (lecithinase) that degrades tissue and cells mambrane—–> myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis (doubel zone on blood agar)

37
Q

Stretococcus pyogenes toxin?

A

Streplysin O

protein that degrades cell membrane—–> lyses RBS, beta-hemolysis; host antibodieas aganst toxin (ASO) is used to diag. rf

38
Q

S. areus toxin?

A

TSS toxin-1

Cross-links beta region of TCR to MHC class II on APCc outside of the antigen binding site

—->Overwelming rel release of IL1,2,gamma and TNF alpha——>schock

39
Q

S. pyogenes toxin?

A

Erythrogenic exotoxin A

Cross-links beta region of TCR to MHC class II on APCc outside of the antigen binding site

—->Overwelming rel release of IL1,2,gamma and TNF alpha——>schock

Toxic shock-like syndrome

40
Q

Endotoxins

A

LPS found on the outer membrane of gram-neg. Composed of O antigen+ core polysaccharide—–>lysis of cells

3 effect of: amcrophage activation, complement activation and tissue factor

ENDOTOXINS:

Edema, Nitric oxide, DIC/Death, Outer membrane, TNF-alpha, O-antigen+Core polysacc.+lipidA, eXtreme heat stable, IL1 and IL6, neutrophile chemotaxis, Shock

41
Q

OVRPS

A

Optochin Virdans Resitant Pneumoniae Sensitive

42
Q

B-BRAS

A

Bacitrcin-group B strep are Resistance, grou Strep A sensitive

43
Q

Novobiocin

A

staph No StRESs: Saprophyticus is Retsistant; Epidermis is Sensitive

44
Q

alpha hemolytic

A

S. pneumo and Viridan

alpha just like OVERPS

45
Q

beta hemolytic

A

RBC lysis

S. areus, S.pyogenes, S. agalac

beta sounds like PetAA

46
Q

MRSA

A

is caused by altered p-proteins (penicillin binding proteins) and the mecA gene

47
Q

bile soluble is?

A

S. pneumo

48
Q

PYR

A

GroupA S. pyogenes and enterococcus (faecium and faecalis)

49
Q

stridor

A

H.flue

50
Q

non-lactose fermenting

A

SYPS

Shigella, Yersenia, Pseudo, Salmonella

51
Q

Oxidase pos.

A

Pseudo, Campi, Cholera, H.pylori

52
Q

Which Staph is coagulase neg.?

A

S. Epi

53
Q

Which Staph is coagulase pos.?

A

S. Aureus

54
Q

wheezing

A

RSV

55
Q

B. Anthracis toxin and capsule

A

Gram+, spore f. rod, anthrax toxin/ an exetoxin that produces protective antigen, lethal and edema factor.

Has a polysacc. capsule (polyD-Glutamate). Medusa

56
Q

B. Cerus

A

Gram+, Reheated rice syndrome, enterotoxin

S1 First aid (20 decks)

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