mirco Flashcards
giemsa stain
Ricky got Chlamydia as he Tried to Please the Bored Hot geisha
rikettsia trypanosomes chlamydia borrelia helico
acid shiff stain
whipple disease
ziel neelsen
acid fast, mycobacterium, nocardia,crytosporidium oocyst
india ink
cryptcoccus
siver stain
pneumocystis, legionella, helico
diptheria
inact. EF2
pseudomonas
inact. EF-2
shigella mech. and contraction
shigatoxin, inact. 60s by removing adenine from rRNA—-> HUS
4F’s Fingers, Food, Flies, Feces invasion of M-cell
EHEC
shigalike toxin, nact. 60s by removing adenine from rRNA—->serotype 0157:H7 does not invade the cells
ETEC
watery diarrhea: “labile in Air (Adenyle cyclase), stable on the Ground (guanylate cyclase)
the bacteria that increase cAMP
CAPE
cholera
anthracis
pertussis
E.coli
whooping cough
b. pertussis
clostridium tetani mech of action?
Tetanospasmin that ia a proteases that cleaves SNARE,, the toxin prevents the release of GABA
clostridium botulinum mech of action?
Botulinum toxin that is a proteases that cleaves SNARE,, the toxin prevents the release of ACh
Gram stain
first line lab test to inden. bacteria with thick petidoglycan layer crytal violet dye (garm +) and bact. with thin peptidoglycan layer turn red or pink (gram-) with counterstain.
Flurescent antibody stain
Used to identify many bacteria, viruses, pcp, giardia and crypto. eg FTA-ABS for syphilis
Chocolate agar is for?
H. flu
Thayer-Martin is for?
N. gonor., N mening. contians: Vanco, Trimethroprim and Colistin and Nystatin.
Very Typically Cultures Neisseria
Bordet is for?
Berdet for Bordetella
Löffler is for?
C. diph
Löwenstein is for ?
TB
Eaton is for?
M. pneumo
Mac Conkey agar is for?
lactose Fermenting, KEES
EMB (Eosin-methylene blue) is for?
E.coli
Charcoal yeast buffered with cysteine and iron is for?
Legionella -ella, brucella, fancisella
Urease- positive organism
Pee CHUNKSS
Proteus Crytococcus H. pylori Ureapasma Nocardia Klebsiella S. epidermis
Catalase-positive
Cats Need PLACESS to Belch their Hairballs
Catalase degrades H2O2 into H2O+O2
Norcardia, Pseudomonas, Listeria, Aspergillus, Candida, Ecoli, Staphylococci, Serratia, B cepacia, H.pylori
yellow sulfer granules is produced by?
Actinomyces israelii
yellow pigment
S. areus
green pig.
Pseudom.
red pig.
Serratia for Sirene
Biofilm producing?
S. epi, S. viridans (S mutans, S sanguinus), Pseudomonas
What is the virulence factor of S. aureus?
Protein A
Binds Fc of IgG. Prevents opsonization and phagocytosis. Expressed by S. aureus
What is the virulence factor of SHiN?
IgA protease
Enzyme that cleaves IgA, allowing bacteria to adhere to and colonize mucous membranes. Secreted by S. pneumo, H.flu type b, Neisseria
What is the virulence factor of group for Strep A.?
M. protein
helps prevent phagocytosis. Expressed by the S. group A. Shares similar to human cellular proteins (molecular mimicry), possibly underlines the autoimmune response seen in acute rheumatic fever
Costridium deficile exotoxin?
alpha toxin
phospholipase (lecithinase) that degrades tissue and cells mambrane—–> myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis (doubel zone on blood agar)
Stretococcus pyogenes toxin?
Streplysin O
protein that degrades cell membrane—–> lyses RBS, beta-hemolysis; host antibodieas aganst toxin (ASO) is used to diag. rf
S. areus toxin?
TSS toxin-1
Cross-links beta region of TCR to MHC class II on APCc outside of the antigen binding site
—->Overwelming rel release of IL1,2,gamma and TNF alpha——>schock
S. pyogenes toxin?
Erythrogenic exotoxin A
Cross-links beta region of TCR to MHC class II on APCc outside of the antigen binding site
—->Overwelming rel release of IL1,2,gamma and TNF alpha——>schock
Toxic shock-like syndrome
Endotoxins
LPS found on the outer membrane of gram-neg. Composed of O antigen+ core polysaccharide—–>lysis of cells
3 effect of: amcrophage activation, complement activation and tissue factor
ENDOTOXINS:
Edema, Nitric oxide, DIC/Death, Outer membrane, TNF-alpha, O-antigen+Core polysacc.+lipidA, eXtreme heat stable, IL1 and IL6, neutrophile chemotaxis, Shock
OVRPS
Optochin Virdans Resitant Pneumoniae Sensitive
B-BRAS
Bacitrcin-group B strep are Resistance, grou Strep A sensitive
Novobiocin
staph No StRESs: Saprophyticus is Retsistant; Epidermis is Sensitive
alpha hemolytic
S. pneumo and Viridan
alpha just like OVERPS
beta hemolytic
RBC lysis
S. areus, S.pyogenes, S. agalac
beta sounds like PetAA
MRSA
is caused by altered p-proteins (penicillin binding proteins) and the mecA gene
bile soluble is?
S. pneumo
PYR
GroupA S. pyogenes and enterococcus (faecium and faecalis)
stridor
H.flue
non-lactose fermenting
SYPS
Shigella, Yersenia, Pseudo, Salmonella
Oxidase pos.
Pseudo, Campi, Cholera, H.pylori
Which Staph is coagulase neg.?
S. Epi
Which Staph is coagulase pos.?
S. Aureus
wheezing
RSV
B. Anthracis toxin and capsule
Gram+, spore f. rod, anthrax toxin/ an exetoxin that produces protective antigen, lethal and edema factor.
Has a polysacc. capsule (polyD-Glutamate). Medusa
B. Cerus
Gram+, Reheated rice syndrome, enterotoxin