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S1 First aid > micro > Flashcards

micro Flashcards

1
Q

conjugation

A

fucking, sexpillus.

flacking chromosomal genes

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2
Q

transformation

A

cannibalism, adding deoxyribonuclease degrades

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3
Q

transduction

A

generalized: packaging error. lytic phage infects bacterium, leading to cleavage of the cell
specilized: excision event. lysogenic phage infects bacterium, viral DNA incorperates into bacterium

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4
Q

transposition

A

a jumping process involving a transposon. multiple drug resistance

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5
Q

which bacteria have similar mech. of action

A

diphteria and pseudomonas

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6
Q

disphteria mech. of action

A

diphteria toxin, inactivates EF-2

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7
Q

pseudomonas mech. of action

A

Exotoxin, inactivates EF-2

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8
Q

which mech. of action is simillar to shigella?

A

EHEC, shiga-like, shiga toxin (shigella) inactvates 60S ribosames by removing adenine from rRNA

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9
Q

Shigella mech. of action

A

Shiga toxin, 60S, adenine, GI mucosa damage—>dysentry, ST also enhances cytokine release, causing HUS

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10
Q

EHEC mech. of action

A

Shiga-like toxin, 60S, adenine, enhances cytokine release, causing HUS

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11
Q

ETEC mech. of action

A

HT—–> increase in cAMP,HS——> increase cGMP

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12
Q

B.Cerus mech. of action

A

ADP-Ribosylation activation Gs

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13
Q

B. anthracis

A

edema factor

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14
Q

Anti-HBs

A

means immunity. If a person has Anti-HBs without Anti-HBc means person was vaccinated

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15
Q

Anti-HBc

A

person was infected

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16
Q

Viral genetics:

Recombination

A

Exchange of genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base sequence homology

17
Q

Viral genetics:

Reassortment

A

When viruses with segmented genomes (eg, influenza virus) exchange genetic material.——> eg H1N1 Influenza pandemic emerged due to reassortment of genes from human, swine and avian viruses—–> antigenetic swift

18
Q

Viral genetics:

Complentation

A

When 1 and 2 viruses that infect the cell has mutated that results in a nonfunctional protein, the nonmutated virus complements the mutated one by making a functional protein that serves both viruses. For eg. HepB and HepD

19
Q

Viral genetics:

Phenotypic mixing

A

Occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with a 2 viruses. For progeny 1, genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated with the surface protein of virus B.

Type B protein determines the tropism of the hybrid virus.

Subsequent infection progeny 1 will have type A that ecodes type A gen. material

20
Q

Erlichiosis

A

Erlichia, vector is a tick. Monocytes with morulae, mulberry-like inclusions in cytoplasm

MEGA berry
Monocytes=Ehrlichiosis
Granulocytes=Anaplasmosis

21
Q

Mycoplasma

A

atypical “walking pneumonia”
get cold without coat
cold agglutinanins IgM

22
Q

Giardia lamblia

A

Giardiasis, trans: water cyst, fatty stools

23
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

A

Amebiasis, trans: water cyst, bloody d., colonic flask shaped ulcers, liver abcess

Entamoeba tEars Erythrocytes

24
Q

Crytosporidium

A

Sever dirrhea in AIDS, moderate in nomal, trans: water oocysts—->acid fast

25
Q

Naegleri fowleri

A

Protozoa, trans: fresh water, swimming, enters the cribriform plate. Amoebas in the CSF

meninggoencephalitis

Amphotericin B.

26
Q

Taenia solium

A

int. tapeworm (pork)

Cystercercosis( eggs ingested cont. feces)—–>neurocystercercosis

27
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum

A

tapeworm: VitB.12 def. trans: ingested larvae from fresh water fish

28
Q

trypo. cruzi causes?

A

Chagas, dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, kissing bug

29
Q

Ascaris lum.

A

giand roundworm, obstruction of the iliocecal valve, biliary obstruction, fecal oral

30
Q

Strongyloides sercoralis

A

Streadworm, Autoinfection to blood, lavae pentrates soil to the; rhapditiform larvae

31
Q

Ancylostoma spp.

A

Hookworm, sucks blood in the intestine causing anemia, lavae pentrates the skin

S1 First aid (20 decks)

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