antibiotics

Question 1

Aminoglycosides

Answer 1

Aminoglycosides

Gentamicin, Neomycin, Amikacin, Tobramycin, Streptomycin.“Mean” (aminoglycoside) GNATS cannot kill anaerobes.

mecHaNism Bactericidal; irreversible inhibition of initiation complex through binding of the 30S subunit. Can cause misreading of mRNA. Also block translocation. Require O2 for uptake; therefore ineffective against anaerobes.cliNical UseSevere gram ⊝ rod infections. Synergistic with β-lactam antibiotics. Neomycin for bowel surgery.aDVerseeFFectsNephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockade (absolute contraindication with myasthenia g rav is), ototoxicity (especially with loop diuret ics), teratogenicity.mecHaNismoFresistaNceBacterial transferase enzymes inactivate the drug by acetylation, phosphorylation, or adenylation.