Midterm review Flashcards
Uterine agenesis is imaged best in the:
sagittal plane
What hospital electronic system would a sonographer use to locate a list of patients on the ultrasound machine?
MWL
The most common location for WRMSK in a sonographer involveds the:
shoulder
A higher dynamic range is best utilized with:
the uterus
A single focal zone carat should be positioned:
at or just deep to the imaged structure
A transabdominal transducer provides a position indicator comparable to an image marker such as an arrow or dot. The position indicator should be toward the ______ for longitudinal imaging and toward the patient’s _____ for transverse imaging.
head, right
An adequately filled bladder usually extends ______ the fundus of a nongravid uterus
slightly beyond
Bicornuate uterus is related to:
cervical incompetence
Choose the correct suggested rest break to relieve muscle tension and increase joint and muscle flow during an extended ultrasound examination.
A. 1 minute break every 10 minutes
B. 30 to 60 second mini break every 20 minutes
C. 1 minute break every hour
D. 30 second mini break every 5 minutes
B
Choose the correct wrist position for maintaining a healthy ergonomic position.
A. neutral
B. Ventrally flexed
C. Radial deviated
D. Dorsally extended
A
Complete midline failure of mullerian duct fusion results in:
uterine didelphys
Diploid chromosomes are a result of fertilization and result in a count of:
46 chromosomes
Endovaginal optimal focal range is from:
2 to 7 cm
Endovaginal transducers cannot be inserted past the area of the:
vaginal fornices
Endovaginal ultrasound may not produce a diagnostic image in a patient:
with an enlarged leiomyomatous uterus
Ipsilateral means:
located or affecting the same side of the body
Musculoskeletal disorders involve all except injury to the:
acromion
One of the largest risk factors for MSKD is:
an awkward body position
Overall gain adjusts or amplifies the ______ of all the pixels on the system monitor.
brightness
Select a cause for an unhealthy forceful transducer grip:
A. patient breathing
B. decreased carpal muscle integrity
C. lighter equipment
D. patient obesity
D
The _____ view divides the body into anterior and posterior planes.
coronal
The normal male chromosomal configuration is:
46 XY
The optimal angle to sample with color flow is:
30 to 60 degrees
The sagittal plane refers to a(n):
vertical plane dividing the fetal or female body into right and left sections
The ultrasound system monitor should be positioned approximately ____ inches from the sonographers face and eyes.
40
The vaginal fornices surround the end of the:
cervix
Turbulent flow patterns are often associated with:
pathologies
left lateral decubitus position with the knees and thighs toward the chest
Sims position
toward the feet or tail
caudal
toward the belly or front
ventral
toward the head of cranium
cranial
toward the back or spine
dorsal
body in the erect position with palms forward and feet pointed forward
anatomic position
top portion of the uterus
fundus
anomaly that results in two vaginas, two cervices, and two uteri
uterine didelphys
accumulation of menstrual blood in the uterus and vagina caused by either an imperforate hymen or other obstruction
hematometrocolpos
anomaly the results in one vagina, two cervices, and two uterine horns
uterus bicornis bicollis
complete failure of resorption of the uterovaginal septum
septate uterus
anomaly that results in one vagina, one cervix, and two uterine horns
uterine bicornis unicollis
partial failure of the medial septum to be reabsorbed
subseptate uterus
A uterus in a young girl would:
appear cylindrical
Amenorrhea is:
menstrual cessation
An adequately filled bladder usually extends _____ the fundus of a nongravid uterus.
slightly beyond
Between puberty and menopause, approximately _____ to _____ fertile ova are produced.
300-400
Cervical incompetence is reported in 38% of ______ uterus anomalies:
bicornate
Cysts of the cervix are caused by occluded cervical glands and known as:
Nabothian cysts
DES, an estrogen used from 1948-1971, is related to all of the following anomalies except:
A. uterine corpus
B. ovarian
C. cervix
D. vaginal
B
Failure of uterine median septum resorption results in:
septate uterus
Gassy bowel can be displaced away from the field of view by filling the urinary bladder, which provides an _____ window into pelvic structures
acoustic
Gender (sex) is determined at approximately
44 to 48 days
Hematometrocolpos is the accumulation of menstrual blood in the uterus and vagina caused by either an imperforate hymen or other obstruction. True or Fales
True
Mittelschmerz is:
midcycle pain often associated with ovulation
Mullerian ducts fuse to develop the uterus and:
fallopian tubes
Prior to an endovaginal ultrasound, the transducer should be lubricated. Which lubricant is best for a patient being treated for infertility>
Saline
The female gamete, known as the ovum, contributes to the ____ chromosome.
X
The genital or gonadal ridges are a forerunner of the:
female ovaries and male testis
The most frequent location of the transverse vaginal septum is the:
junction of the upper and middle third of the vaginal canal
The normal male chromosomal configuration is:
46XY
The ovary is suspended by all ligaments except:
broad
The space of Retzius (preperitoneal space) is located:
between the urinary bladder and the symphysis pubis
The uterine layers are:
serosal (perimetrium), continuous with fascia; myometrium, smooth muscle and connective tissue; endometrium, mucosal
The uterine septum consists of:
poorly vascularized fibromuscular tissue
The vaginal fornices surround the end of the:
cervix
Ultrasound is ordered in the postmenopausal patient most often for:
vaginal bleeding
Uterus bicornis bicollis and uterus bicornis unicollis (to include uterus arcuatus) result from:
partial fusion failure
What can stimulate progesterone?
corpus luteum
What cells produce a gender appearance?
primordial germ cells
What hormone is absent in the female fetus that causes regression of the mesonephric ducts?
male inducer substance
What mullerian anomaly is most associated with renal agenesis?
uterine didelphys
Wunderlich-Herlyn-Werner Syndrome is when the uterus is didelphys with obstructed unilateral vagina and associated ipsilateral renal and ureter agenesis. True or False
True
