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OBGYN 1 > Chapter 15: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Endometriosis > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Endometriosis Flashcards

1
Q

presence of endometrial glands and tissue found in the uterine wall

A

adenomyosis

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2
Q

painful menstruation

A

dysmennorhea

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3
Q

painful intercourse

A

dyspareunia

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4
Q

implants of endometrial tissue outside the uterus

A

endometriosis

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5
Q

blood-filled cyst located on the ovary, which is the result of endometriosis

A

endometrioma

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6
Q

Bacterial infection of the endometrium with potential extension into the surrounding (parametrial) tissues

A

endometritis

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7
Q

Rare complication of PID resulting in the development of liver adhesions owing to the inflammatory exudates

A

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

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8
Q

myometrial inflammation

A

myometritis

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9
Q

infection of the ovaries

A

oophoritis

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10
Q

infection of the connective tissue surrounding the uterus

A

parametritis

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11
Q

infection of the female reproductive tract

A

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

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12
Q

pus within the fallopian tube

A

pyosalpinx

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13
Q

infection of the fallopian tube

A

salpingitis

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14
Q

infection found in the late stages of PID resulting in the inability to differentiate between tubal and ovarian structures

A

tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA)

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15
Q

infection of the peritoneum

A

peritonitis

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16
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease is:

A

infection of the female genital tract causing diffuse inflammation

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17
Q

One incident of PID can increase the risk of tubal factor infertility and ectopic pregnancy:

A

six times

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18
Q

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common infection of the _____ in reproductive-age women.

A

lower genital tract

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19
Q

Early sonographic findings of pelvic inflammatory disease are:

A

often nonspecific

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20
Q

A normal fallopian tube:

A

is not visualized with ultrasound

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21
Q

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is caused by peritonitis and includes what organ?

A

liver

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22
Q

Acute PID sonographic findings are all except:
a. edematous fallopian tube wall, large amount of pelvic free fluid
b. enlarged ovaries
c. purulent exudate escaping the tube
d. sharp uterine borders

A

d

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23
Q

When seen in cross-section, a hydrosalpinx may exhibit is

A

the “beads on a string” sign

24
Q

Define tubo-ovarian complex:

A

refers to the affected ovary and tube that are adheret to one another, but their individual architecture is still identifiable on ultrasound

25
Q

Chronic progression of endometriosis can lead to all but the following:
a, severe cyclic pain
b. infertility
c. simple cysts
d. endometrial invasion of organs

A

c

26
Q

Endometriosis is known to affect:

A

reproductive-age females

27
Q

Endometriosis _____ transforms into malignancy.

A

rarely

28
Q

Introduction of an IUD may elevate the risk for PID following insertion for:

A

up to 3 weeks

29
Q

Endometriomas appear sonographically thick-walled, spherical masses, and frequently (95% of the time) displaying:

A

low-level internal echoes (“ground-glass” appearance)

30
Q

Hydrosalpinx develops when:

A

fluid accumulates within a scarred, obstructed fallopian tube

31
Q

Sonographic findings for adenomyosis are all except:
a. an asymmetrically enlarged uterus
b. heterogeneous myometrial echotexture
c. peripheral uterine calcific deposits
d. myometrial cysts

A

c

32
Q

Endometriomas image as:

A

anechoic

33
Q

Choose the correct statement regarding pelvic inflammatory disease.
a. Early stages demonstrate a variable appearance and an enlarged uterus with indistinct margins
b. salpingitis displaying thin walled tubes with pyosalpinx
c. normal ovarian dimensions with ill-defined tissue planes
d. No pelvic free fluid will be seen

A

a

34
Q

The most effective treatment for patients suffering from severe endometriosis who do not respond to conservative surgical management and medical therapies is:

A

oophorectomy and hormonal medical management

35
Q

Endometriosis can implant in all areas except the:
a. ovary
b. groin
c. posterior cul-de-sac
d. pelvic lymph nodes

A

d

36
Q

The most likely area for PID to develop is ______, also known as ______.

A

oviducts or fallopian tubes
salpingitis

37
Q

The three major sequelae of PID are ______, ______, and ______.

A

chronic pelvic pain
ectopic pregnancy
infertility

38
Q

A fallopian tube affected with PID demonstrates a _____ sign when imaged in cross-section.

A

cogwheel

39
Q

Clinical findings that include right-sided pleuritic pain and right-sided upper quadrant pain and tenderness on palpitation related to PID is called ______.

A

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome

40
Q

PID of the uterine myometrial endometrial junction appears ______, and the endometrium may be thickened and heterogeneous and contain ______ within the cavity.

A

Blurred
Fluid

41
Q

Escape of purulent exudate beyond the fallopian tube results in ______ complex.

A

Turbo-Ovarian

42
Q

The presence of endometrial glands and tissues in the uterine wall is ______.

A

Endometriosis

43
Q

Endometriosis nodules may vary from _____ echoic to ____ echoic in appearance and may be either ______ in the case of recent hemorrhage or ______ secondary to fibrosis.

A

Hypo
Hyper
Cystic
Nodular

44
Q

Focal ovarian endometriosis appears on ultrasound examination as cystic structures called ______.

A

Endometriomas

45
Q

Endometriosis can be focal or _____.

A

Diffuse

46
Q

The sonographic appearance of adenymyosis lacks a discrete ______ within the myometrium.

A

Junctional zone

47
Q

Adenomyosis is generally treated _____.

A

Surgically

48
Q

_______ may be difficult to differentiate from an ovarian cyst or small cystadenoma.

A

Endometrioma

49
Q

______ is infection of the ovary (ies).

A

Oophoritis

50
Q

A round mass like calcific structure with edge shadowing and peripheral vascularization is a ______.

A

Leiomyomata

51
Q

An endometrioma associated with urinary bladder causes _____ symptoms.

A

Dysuria

52
Q

A highly sensitive and specific imaging method for diagnosing adenomyosis is _______.

A

Endovaginal ultrasound

53
Q

An elevated white blood count, vaginal secretions, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein is an indication of _______.

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

54
Q

If color Doppler flow is visualized within an endometrioma, ______ must be suspected.

A

Malignancy

55
Q

Adenomyosis usually affects the ______ portion of the uterus.

A

Myometrial

OBGYN 1 (18 decks)

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